多级协调式高速铁路能量管理系统
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摘要
随着大功率、高密度、高速度动车组的广泛应用,高速铁路的功率流动与能量消耗更加剧烈,如何有效实现高铁能量管理与评估,对于进一步提高能量传输效率,实现节能降耗具有重要意义。为了提高铁路的能量利用率,实现系统安全、经济、高效运行,提出构建高速铁路能量管理系统(REMS),以整条线路、牵引所、列车为计算单元构建多级协调式REMS,通过建立中央EMS、变电所EMS和车载EMS三级EMS,运用多项关键技术,对系统的功率流动、能量消耗进行分析,实现对系统能耗的管理与优化,并充分利用列车再生制动产生的能量,提高系统的能量利用率。
The wide application of large power, high density and high speed trains has caused more serious power flow and energy consumption of the traction power supply system(TPSS). Therefore, effective realization of the energy management and evaluation for the TPSS is of great significance for further improving energy transmission efficiency and achieving energy savings. In this paper, the high-speed railway energy management system(REMS) was presented to improve the energy utilization and achieve the safe, economical and efficient operation of the railway system. In the REMS, the whole railway line, traction substations and trains were respectively considered as calculating units to build the multi-level coordination REMS, including central EMS, substation EMS and train EMS. In order to achieve the energy management and optimization of the REMS, a number of key technologies were applied to analyse the power flow and energy consumption of the TPSS. Meanwhile, it is necessary to make full use of the energy generated by the train regenerative braking, so as to improve the energy utilization rate of the system.
The wide application of large power, high density and high speed trains has caused more serious power flow and energy consumption of the traction power supply system(TPSS). Therefore, effective realization of the energy management and evaluation for the TPSS is of great significance for further improving energy transmission efficiency and achieving energy savings. In this paper, the high-speed railway energy management system(REMS) was presented to improve the energy utilization and achieve the safe, economical and efficient operation of the railway system. In the REMS, the whole railway line, traction substations and trains were respectively considered as calculating units to build the multi-level coordination REMS, including central EMS, substation EMS and train EMS. In order to achieve the energy management and optimization of the REMS, a number of key technologies were applied to analyse the power flow and energy consumption of the TPSS. Meanwhile, it is necessary to make full use of the energy generated by the train regenerative braking, so as to improve the energy utilization rate of the system.
引文
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[16] 张国驹,唐西胜,齐智平.超级电容器与蓄电池混合储能系统在微网中的应用[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(12):85-89.ZHANG Guoju,TANG Xisheng,QI Zhiping.Application of Hybrid Energy Storage System of Super-capacitors and Batteries in a Microgrid[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(12):85-89.
[17] 柳璐,王和杰,程浩忠,等.基于全寿命周期成本的电力系统经济性评估方法[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(15):45-50.LIU Lu,WANG Hejie,CHENG Haozhong,et al.Economic Evaluation of Power Systems Based on Life Cycle Cost[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(15):45-50.
[2] KHAYYAM S,PONCI F,GOIKOETXEA J,et al.Railway Energy Management System:Centralized-Decentralized Automation Architecture[J].IEEE Trasactions on Smart Crid,2016,7(2):1164-1175.
[3] LIACCO T D.The Adaptive Reliability Control System[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems,1967,PAS-86(5):517-531.
[4] 孙宏斌,张伯明,吴文传,等.自律协同的智能电网能量管理系统家族[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(9):1-5.SUN Hongbin,ZHANG Boming,WU Wenchuan,et al.Autonomous-synergetic Energy Management System Family for Smart Grid:Concept,Architecture,and Cases[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(9):1-5.
[5] 孙宏斌,郭庆来,吴文传,等.风电场分布式能量管理系统:体系架构和关键技术[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(5):26-31.SUN Hongbin,GUO Qinglai,WU Wenchuan,et al.Wind Farm Distributed Energy Management System:Architecture and Key Technologies[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,42(5):26-31.
[6] 殷志良,刘万顺,杨奇逊,等.基于 IEC 61850 标准的采样值传输模型构建及映射实现[J].电力系统自动化,2004,28(21):38-42.YIN Zhiliang,LIU Wanshun,YANG Qixun,et al.Modeling and Mapping Implementation of a Sampled Value Model Based on IEC 61850[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2004,28(21):38-42.
[7] 赵俊华,文福拴,薛禹胜,等.云计算:构建未来电力系统的核心计算平台[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(15):1-8.ZHAO Junhua,WEN Fushuan,XUE Yusheng,et al.Cloud Computing:Implementing an Essential Computing Platform for Future Power Systems[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(15):1-8.
[8] 赵俊华,文福拴,薛禹胜,等.电力 CPS 的架构及其实现技术与挑战[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34 (16):1-7.ZHAO Junhua,WEN Fushuan,XUE Yusheng,et al.Cyber Physical Power Systems:Architecture,Implementation Techniques and Challenges[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(16):1-7.
[9] 肖白,周潮,穆钢.空间电力负荷预测方法综述与展望[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(25):78-92.XIAO Bai,ZHOU Chao,MU Gang.Review and Prospect of the Spatial Load Forecasting Methods[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(25):78-92.
[10] PARK D C,EL-SHARKAWI M A,MARKS R J,et al.Electric Load Forecasting Using an Artificial Neural Network[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,1991,6(2):442-449.
[11] YOSHIDA H,KAWATA K,FUKUYAMA Y,et al.A Particle Swarm Optimization for Reactive Power and Voltage Control Considering Voltage Security Assessment[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2000,15(4):1232-1239.
[12] SCHAUDER C,MEHTA H.Vector Analysis and Control of Advanced Static VAR Compensators[C]// Generation,Transmission and Distribution,IEE Proceedings C.IET,1993,140(4):299-306.
[13] CHAU K T,WONG Y S.Overview of Power Management in Hybrid Electric Vehicles[J].Energy conversion and management,2002,43(15):1953-1968.
[14] BASAK A,YU C H,LLO G.Efficient Transformer Design by Computing Core Loss Using a Novel Approach[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,1994,30(5):3725-3728.
[15] LEE K Y,BAI X,PARK Y M.Optimization Method for Reactive Power Planning by Using a Modified Simple Genetic Algorithm[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,1995,10(4):1843-1850.
[16] 张国驹,唐西胜,齐智平.超级电容器与蓄电池混合储能系统在微网中的应用[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(12):85-89.ZHANG Guoju,TANG Xisheng,QI Zhiping.Application of Hybrid Energy Storage System of Super-capacitors and Batteries in a Microgrid[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(12):85-89.
[17] 柳璐,王和杰,程浩忠,等.基于全寿命周期成本的电力系统经济性评估方法[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(15):45-50.LIU Lu,WANG Hejie,CHENG Haozhong,et al.Economic Evaluation of Power Systems Based on Life Cycle Cost[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(15):45-50.