高温对黄河三角洲地区水稻产量和品质的影响
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摘要
本研究以津粳253、润农4号和晶两优1212为材料,通过对比分析2017、2018年的试验数据,研究生育期间高温胁迫对水稻生长、产量及稻米品质的影响。结果表明:高温导致水稻的每穗总粒数、结实率、千粒重、产量下降,3个品种(津粳253、润农4号和晶两优1212)产量分别降低13.0%、9.1%和29.0%;而稻米的垩白质粒和直链淀粉含量增加明显,稻米食味值降低。该结果可为进一步了解高温对水稻结实和稻米品质的影响机理、筛选黄河三角洲地区耐热性强的水稻品种提供理论依据。
The effects of high temperature stress on the growth, yield and grain quality of Jinjing 253, Runnong 4 and Jingliangyou 1212 during growth period were studied by comparative analysis of the experimental data of 2017 and 2018. The results showed that high temperature led to the decrease of grain number per panicle, seed setting rate, thousand-grain weight and yield. The yield of the three varieties(Jinjing 253, Runnong 4 and Jingliangyou 1212) decreased by 13.0%, 9.1% and 29.0%, respectively. The contents of chalkiness degree and amylose in rice increased significantly, which led to the decrease of rice taste value. The results could provide important theoretical evidences for revealing the damage mechanism of high temperature on rice seed setting and grain quality, and selecting rice varieties with stronger heat tolerance in the Yellow River Delta region.
The effects of high temperature stress on the growth, yield and grain quality of Jinjing 253, Runnong 4 and Jingliangyou 1212 during growth period were studied by comparative analysis of the experimental data of 2017 and 2018. The results showed that high temperature led to the decrease of grain number per panicle, seed setting rate, thousand-grain weight and yield. The yield of the three varieties(Jinjing 253, Runnong 4 and Jingliangyou 1212) decreased by 13.0%, 9.1% and 29.0%, respectively. The contents of chalkiness degree and amylose in rice increased significantly, which led to the decrease of rice taste value. The results could provide important theoretical evidences for revealing the damage mechanism of high temperature on rice seed setting and grain quality, and selecting rice varieties with stronger heat tolerance in the Yellow River Delta region.
引文
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[15] 吴超,崔克辉.高温影响水稻产量形成研究进展[J].中国农业科技导报,2014,16(3):103-111.
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[17] Lin C J,Li C Y,Lin S K,et al.Influence of high temperature during grain filling on the accumulation of storage proteins and grain quality in rice(Oryza sativa L.)[J].Journal of Agricultural & Food Chemistry,2010,58 (19):10545-10552.
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[19] 盛婧,陶红娟,陈留根.灌浆结实期不同时段温度对水稻结实与稻米品质的影响[J].中国水稻科学,2007,21(4):396-402.
[20] 谢晓金,李秉柏,李映雪,等.抽穗期高温胁迫对水稻产量构成要素和品质的影响[J] .中国农业气象,2010,31(3):411-415.山东 农业 科学 2019,51(5):42～46
[2] Fischer E M,Knutti R.Anthropogenic contribution to global occurrence of heavy- precipitation and high-temperature extremes [J].Nature Climate Change,2015,5(6):560-564.
[3] 甄博,周新国,陆红飞,等.拔节期高温与涝交互胁迫对水稻生长发育的影响[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(21):105-111.
[4] 魏立兴,王智华,李丽霞,等.黄河三角洲地区水稻品种比较试验[J].北方水稻,2017,47(3):11-14.
[5] 霍达,孙军,储文宗.2017年7月大气环流和天气分析[J].气象,2017,43(10):1302-1308.
[6] 谢超,马学款.2017年8月大气环流和天气分析[J].气象,2017,43(11):1446-1452.
[7] 张夕迪,孙军.2018年7月大气环流和天气分析[J].气象,2018,44(10):1370-1376.
[8] 王皘,张玲.2018年8月大气环流和天气分析[J].气象,2018,44(11):1501-1508.
[9] 田小海,松井勤,李守华,等.水稻花期高温胁迫研究进展与展望[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(11):2632-2636.
[10] 郑建初,张彬,陈留根,等.抽穗期高温对水稻产量构成要素和稻米品质的影响及其基因型差异[J].江苏农业学报,2005,21(4):249-254.
[11] Peng S,Huang J,Sheehy J E,et al.Rice yields decline with higher night temperature from global warming[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2004,101(27):9971-9975.
[12] 鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000.
[13] Yoshida S.Fundamentals of rice crop science[M].Los Baňos:International Rice Research Institute,1981.
[14] 沙汉景,刘化龙,王敬国,等.外源脯氨酸对盐胁迫下水稻分蘖期生长的影响[J].农业现代研究,2013,34(3):230-234.
[15] 吴超,崔克辉.高温影响水稻产量形成研究进展[J].中国农业科技导报,2014,16(3):103-111.
[16] Mohammed A R,Tarpley L.Effects of high night temperature and spikelet position on yield-related parameters of rice (Oryza sativa L.)plants[J].European Journal of Agronomy,2010,33(2):117-123.
[17] Lin C J,Li C Y,Lin S K,et al.Influence of high temperature during grain filling on the accumulation of storage proteins and grain quality in rice(Oryza sativa L.)[J].Journal of Agricultural & Food Chemistry,2010,58 (19):10545-10552.
[18] Cao Z Z,Zhao Q,Huang F D,et al.Effects of high temperature at anthesis on spikelet fertility and grain weight in relation to floral positions within a panicle of rice (Oryza sativa L.)[J].Crop & Pasture Science,2015,66(9):922-929.
[19] 盛婧,陶红娟,陈留根.灌浆结实期不同时段温度对水稻结实与稻米品质的影响[J].中国水稻科学,2007,21(4):396-402.
[20] 谢晓金,李秉柏,李映雪,等.抽穗期高温胁迫对水稻产量构成要素和品质的影响[J] .中国农业气象,2010,31(3):411-415.山东 农业 科学 2019,51(5):42～46