莱州湾春、夏季鱼卵、仔稚鱼群落结构及环境因子相关性
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摘要
于2014年5月、8月和2015年5月、8月,利用大型浮游生物网,对莱州湾海域20个站位进行4个航次拖网调查,分析了鱼卵、仔稚鱼的种类组成、数量分布、优势种以及群落结构特征与环境因子的相关性。结果表明:4个航次共采获鱼卵、仔稚鱼22种,其中1种仔稚鱼未鉴定出种类,1种仔稚鱼鉴定到科,其余20种隶属于8目16科20属;鱼卵、仔稚鱼优势种季节变化明显;鱼卵、仔稚鱼数量分布与环境因子数据的多元分析表明,盐度对鱼卵数量影响较为明显,温度对仔稚鱼数量影响较为明显,仔稚鱼数量还与溶解氧(DO)、亚硝酸盐、无机氮、活性磷酸盐呈显著相关(P<0.05),与氨氮(NH_3~-N)、叶绿素a含量呈极显著相关(P<0.01),鱼卵数量与桡足类密度呈显著正相关(r=0.479,P=0.032),而仔稚鱼数量与桡足类密度呈显著负相关(r=-0.510,P=0.022)。
On the basis of four trawl investigations with large plankton net on 20 stations in Laizhou Bay in May and August of both 2014 and 2015,we examined the community structure of ichthyoplankton,including species composition,quantity distribution,and dominant species,as well as its correlation with environmental factors. The results showed that a total of 22 ichthyoplankton taxa were collected during the four voyages. Except for the one un-identified taxon and another one identified to the family level,the remaining 20 taxa belonged to 20 genera,16 families,and 8 orders. Dominant taxa showed substantial seasonal changes. Results from the multivariate analysis of the correlation between the quantity distribution of ichthyoplankton and environmental factors showed that salinity had a significant influence on the number of eggs and temperature had an obvious effect on the number of larvae. The number of larvae was significantly correlated with dissolved oxygen( DO),nitrite,inorganic nitrogen and activated phosphate contents( P<0.05),ammonia nitrogen( NH_3~- N) and chlorophyll-a contents( P <0.01). The density of copepods had a significant positive correlation with the number of eggs( r = 0.479,P = 0.032),but had a significant negative correlation with the number of larvae( r =-0.510,P = 0.022).
On the basis of four trawl investigations with large plankton net on 20 stations in Laizhou Bay in May and August of both 2014 and 2015,we examined the community structure of ichthyoplankton,including species composition,quantity distribution,and dominant species,as well as its correlation with environmental factors. The results showed that a total of 22 ichthyoplankton taxa were collected during the four voyages. Except for the one un-identified taxon and another one identified to the family level,the remaining 20 taxa belonged to 20 genera,16 families,and 8 orders. Dominant taxa showed substantial seasonal changes. Results from the multivariate analysis of the correlation between the quantity distribution of ichthyoplankton and environmental factors showed that salinity had a significant influence on the number of eggs and temperature had an obvious effect on the number of larvae. The number of larvae was significantly correlated with dissolved oxygen( DO),nitrite,inorganic nitrogen and activated phosphate contents( P<0.05),ammonia nitrogen( NH_3~- N) and chlorophyll-a contents( P <0.01). The density of copepods had a significant positive correlation with the number of eggs( r = 0.479,P = 0.032),but had a significant negative correlation with the number of larvae( r =-0.510,P = 0.022).
引文
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高生泉,林以安,金明明,等.2003.山东半岛以南水域营养盐的时空分布及其与鱼产卵场的关系.海洋学报:中文版,25(S2):157-166.
高亚辉,李松.1992.真刺唇角水蚤对鱼卵和仔鱼的捕食.海洋与湖沼,23(6):677-681.
郭学武,唐启升,孙耀,等.1999.斑?的摄食与生态转换效率.海洋水产研究,20(2):17-25.
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蒋玫,沈新强,陈莲芳.2006.长江口及邻近水域春季鱼卵仔鱼分布与环境因子的关系.海洋环境科学,25(2):37-39,44.
蒋玫,沈新强.2006.长江口及邻近水域夏季鱼卵、仔稚鱼数量分布特征.海洋科学,30(6):92-97.
蒋雪莲,张宇,钟俊生,等.2015.长江口沿岸碎波带刀鲚仔稚鱼摄食习性与浮游动物分布的相关性研究.长江流域资源与环境,24(9):1507-1513.
金显仕,邓景耀.2000.莱州湾渔业资源群落结构和生物多样性的变化.生物多样性,8(1):65-72.
李凡,吕振波,魏振华,等.2013.2010年莱州湾底层渔业生物群落结构及季节变化.中国水产科学,20(1):137-147.
李凡,徐炳庆,马元庆,等.2014.莱州湾鱼类群落同功能种团的季节变化.生态学报,34(7):1736-1745.
李建生,胡芬,程家骅.2007.长江口水域春季鱼卵仔鱼分布及其与温度盐度的关系.海洋科学,31(4):16-21.
吕振波,李凡,徐炳庆,等.2012.黄海山东海域春、秋季鱼类群落多样性.生物多样性,20(2):207-214.
吕振波,徐炳庆,李凡,等.2011.2006年春、秋季黄海山东海域鱼类资源结构与数量分布.中国水产科学,18(6):1335-1342.
沈国英.2002.海洋生态学.北京:科学出版社.
宋秀凯,刘爱英,杨艳艳,等.2014.莱州湾鱼卵、仔稚鱼数量分布及其与环境因子相关关系研究.海洋与湖沼,41(3):378-385.
万瑞景,姜言伟.2000.渤、黄海硬骨鱼类鱼卵与仔稚鱼种类组成及其生物学特征.上海水产大学学报,9(4):290-297.
万瑞景,孙珊.2006.黄、东海生态系统中鱼卵、仔稚幼鱼种类组成与数量分布.动物学报,52(1):28-44.
徐炳庆,吕振波,李凡,等.2011.山东半岛南部近岸海域夏季游泳动物的组成特征.海洋渔业,33(1):59-65.
杨东莱,吴光宗,孙继仁.1990.长江口及其邻近海区的浮性鱼卵和仔稚鱼的生态研究.海洋与湖沼,21(4):346-355.
杨纪明,李军.1995.近五十年来中国海洋鱼类学的研究概况.海洋科学集刊,36(1):297-310.
翟璐,韩东燕,傅道军,等.2014.胶州湾及其邻近海域鱼类群落结构及与环境因子的关系.中国水产科学,21(4):810-821.
张波,唐启升,金显仕.2009.黄海生态系统高营养层次生物群落功能群及其主要种类.生态学报,29(3):1009-1111.
张波,吴强,金显仕.2013.莱州湾鱼类群落的营养结构及其变化.渔业科学进展,34(2):1-9.
张洪亮,杨建强,崔文林,等.2006.莱州湾盐度变化现状及其对海洋环境与生态的影响.海洋环境科学,25(S1):11-14.
张仁斋.1985.中国近海鱼卵与仔鱼.上海:上海科学技术出版社.
郑芳,刘群,王艳君.2008.环境因子对黄海!鱼亲体-补充量关系影响的初步研究.南方水产,4(2):15-20.
Jin XS,Tang QS.1996.Changes in fish species diversity and dominant species composition in the Yellow Sea.Fisheries Research,26:337-352.
Pianka ER.1971.Ecology of the agamid lizard Amphibolurus isolepis in Western Australia.Copeia,1971:527-536.
Singh AK,Hasnain SI,Banerjee DK.1999.Grain size and geochemical partitioning of heavy metals in sediments of the Damodar River,a tributary of the lower Ganga,India.Environmental Geology,39:90-98.
高生泉,林以安,金明明,等.2003.山东半岛以南水域营养盐的时空分布及其与鱼产卵场的关系.海洋学报:中文版,25(S2):157-166.
高亚辉,李松.1992.真刺唇角水蚤对鱼卵和仔鱼的捕食.海洋与湖沼,23(6):677-681.
郭学武,唐启升,孙耀,等.1999.斑?的摄食与生态转换效率.海洋水产研究,20(2):17-25.
国家质检总局,国家标准化委员会.2007.GB/T 12763.6-2007.海洋调查规范第6部分:海洋生物调查.北京:中国标准出版社:56-62.
蒋玫,沈新强,陈莲芳.2006.长江口及邻近水域春季鱼卵仔鱼分布与环境因子的关系.海洋环境科学,25(2):37-39,44.
蒋玫,沈新强.2006.长江口及邻近水域夏季鱼卵、仔稚鱼数量分布特征.海洋科学,30(6):92-97.
蒋雪莲,张宇,钟俊生,等.2015.长江口沿岸碎波带刀鲚仔稚鱼摄食习性与浮游动物分布的相关性研究.长江流域资源与环境,24(9):1507-1513.
金显仕,邓景耀.2000.莱州湾渔业资源群落结构和生物多样性的变化.生物多样性,8(1):65-72.
李凡,吕振波,魏振华,等.2013.2010年莱州湾底层渔业生物群落结构及季节变化.中国水产科学,20(1):137-147.
李凡,徐炳庆,马元庆,等.2014.莱州湾鱼类群落同功能种团的季节变化.生态学报,34(7):1736-1745.
李建生,胡芬,程家骅.2007.长江口水域春季鱼卵仔鱼分布及其与温度盐度的关系.海洋科学,31(4):16-21.
吕振波,李凡,徐炳庆,等.2012.黄海山东海域春、秋季鱼类群落多样性.生物多样性,20(2):207-214.
吕振波,徐炳庆,李凡,等.2011.2006年春、秋季黄海山东海域鱼类资源结构与数量分布.中国水产科学,18(6):1335-1342.
沈国英.2002.海洋生态学.北京:科学出版社.
宋秀凯,刘爱英,杨艳艳,等.2014.莱州湾鱼卵、仔稚鱼数量分布及其与环境因子相关关系研究.海洋与湖沼,41(3):378-385.
万瑞景,姜言伟.2000.渤、黄海硬骨鱼类鱼卵与仔稚鱼种类组成及其生物学特征.上海水产大学学报,9(4):290-297.
万瑞景,孙珊.2006.黄、东海生态系统中鱼卵、仔稚幼鱼种类组成与数量分布.动物学报,52(1):28-44.
徐炳庆,吕振波,李凡,等.2011.山东半岛南部近岸海域夏季游泳动物的组成特征.海洋渔业,33(1):59-65.
杨东莱,吴光宗,孙继仁.1990.长江口及其邻近海区的浮性鱼卵和仔稚鱼的生态研究.海洋与湖沼,21(4):346-355.
杨纪明,李军.1995.近五十年来中国海洋鱼类学的研究概况.海洋科学集刊,36(1):297-310.
翟璐,韩东燕,傅道军,等.2014.胶州湾及其邻近海域鱼类群落结构及与环境因子的关系.中国水产科学,21(4):810-821.
张波,唐启升,金显仕.2009.黄海生态系统高营养层次生物群落功能群及其主要种类.生态学报,29(3):1009-1111.
张波,吴强,金显仕.2013.莱州湾鱼类群落的营养结构及其变化.渔业科学进展,34(2):1-9.
张洪亮,杨建强,崔文林,等.2006.莱州湾盐度变化现状及其对海洋环境与生态的影响.海洋环境科学,25(S1):11-14.
张仁斋.1985.中国近海鱼卵与仔鱼.上海:上海科学技术出版社.
郑芳,刘群,王艳君.2008.环境因子对黄海!鱼亲体-补充量关系影响的初步研究.南方水产,4(2):15-20.
Jin XS,Tang QS.1996.Changes in fish species diversity and dominant species composition in the Yellow Sea.Fisheries Research,26:337-352.
Pianka ER.1971.Ecology of the agamid lizard Amphibolurus isolepis in Western Australia.Copeia,1971:527-536.
Singh AK,Hasnain SI,Banerjee DK.1999.Grain size and geochemical partitioning of heavy metals in sediments of the Damodar River,a tributary of the lower Ganga,India.Environmental Geology,39:90-98.