独立悬架前轮定位参数对操纵稳定性影响分析
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摘要
前轮定位参数的改变对整车操纵稳定性会产生不同程度的影响。基于虚拟仿真技术,应用ADAMS与Solidworks建模相结合的方法建立单纵臂悬架整车参数化仿真模型,得到前后悬架的刚度和速度特性曲线。根据所选参数变量进行参数化仿真,得到外倾角、前束角以及轮距随轮跳的变化曲线,从而验证仿真模型的正确性。利用AMESim和ADAMS进行联合仿真,通过更改前桥初始定位参数,分别进行整车的稳态回转仿真试验、双移线仿真试验和方向盘角阶跃输入仿真试验。结果表明当主销后倾角增大时,车辆的横摆角速度和侧向加速度均减小,侧倾角响应时间变长,明显的提高了整车的操纵稳定性;单纵臂悬架在运动过程中,主销后倾角呈现动态的变化过程,通过优化使后倾角在一个限定的范围内,起到很好的作用。为同类单纵臂悬架选型及改进设计提供参考。
Change of front axle's alignment parameters has different effects on the vehicle handling stability. A parameterized simulation model of the truck with single-longitudinal arm suspension and a united steering mechanism were separately set up based on ADAMS and Solidworks,so stiffness and speed characteristic curves of front and rear suspensions were obtained.According to the selected parameters,parametric simulation was carried out,which got change curves of camber angle,toe angle and wheel tread with the jump,in order to verify the correctness of the simulation model. Through changing the front axle initial alignment parameters,vehicle steady steering simulation test,double lane change test and simulation direction wheel angle step input simulation test were analyzed in the ADAMS and AMESim co-simulation model. The results show that the yaw rate and lateral acceleration of the vehicle are decreased when the angle of the main pin is increased,the side angle response time is longer,and the single arm suspension is in motion,which provides reference for the selection and improvement design of the same kind of single longitudinal arm suspension.
Change of front axle's alignment parameters has different effects on the vehicle handling stability. A parameterized simulation model of the truck with single-longitudinal arm suspension and a united steering mechanism were separately set up based on ADAMS and Solidworks,so stiffness and speed characteristic curves of front and rear suspensions were obtained.According to the selected parameters,parametric simulation was carried out,which got change curves of camber angle,toe angle and wheel tread with the jump,in order to verify the correctness of the simulation model. Through changing the front axle initial alignment parameters,vehicle steady steering simulation test,double lane change test and simulation direction wheel angle step input simulation test were analyzed in the ADAMS and AMESim co-simulation model. The results show that the yaw rate and lateral acceleration of the vehicle are decreased when the angle of the main pin is increased,the side angle response time is longer,and the single arm suspension is in motion,which provides reference for the selection and improvement design of the same kind of single longitudinal arm suspension.
引文
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[10]张晗,过学迅,杨波.基于正交试验的载货汽车转向回正性仿真试验研究[J].机械设计与制造,2013(5):137-139.(Zhang Han,Guo Xue-xun,Yang Bo.Simulation and analysis of truck steering returnability based on orthogonal tests[J].Machinery Design&Manufacture,2013(5):137-139.)
[2]Sayers M W.A genetic multibody vehicle model for simulation handling and braking[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2010,39(Sl):599-613.
[3]Bras B,Mistree F.A compromise decision support problem for axiomatic and robust design.Transaction of the ASME[J].Journal of Mechanical Design,2005,21(7):100-119.
[4]Coawford R H,Raos S.Reliability analysis of function generating mechanisms through monte carlo simulation[J].ASME,J of Mechanisms Transmission and Automation in Design,2008,47(6):255-262.
[5]Xiaobin N,Jishen S,Bin M.Vehicle suspension model and dynamic simulation on handling stability[C].Wuhan:Mechanic Automation and Control Engineering(MACE),2010 International Conference on,2010:640-644.
[6]肖海萍,周福庚,张代胜.轴距和轮距对汽车转向轮偏转角关系的影响[J].合肥工业大学学报:自然科学版,2005,28(12):1499-1502.(Xiao Hai-ping,Zhou Fu-geng,Zhang Dai-sheng.Analysis of the influence of the wheel-base and wheel-center-distance on the relations between steering angles of automobile’s steerable wheels[J].Journal of Hefei University of Technology:Natural Science,2005,28(12):1499-1502.)
[7]王霄锋,胡涛.不同整体式转向梯形机构分析方法的对比研究[J].汽车技术,2005(8):8-11.(Wang Xiao-feng,Hu Tao.Comparative study on different analysis methods for integral type steering mechanisms[J].Automobile Technology,2005(8):8-11.)
[8]魏道高,李克强,王霄锋.前轮主销后倾角对高速转向稳定性的影响[J].农业机械学报,2007,38(7):19-21.(Wei Dao-gao,Li Ke-qiang,Wang Xiao-feng.Study on the match of front wheel caster angle and stability of high-speed cornering[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2007,38(7):19-21.)
[9]胡玉梅,黄志军,陈劲.摆臂刚度对前轮定位参数的影响研究[J].汽车工程学报,2012,2(4):277-283.(Hu Yu-mei,Huang Zhi-jun,Chen Jin.Study of effect of control arm stiffness on front wheel alignment parameters[J].Chinese Journal of Automotive Engineering,2012,2(4):277-283.)
[10]张晗,过学迅,杨波.基于正交试验的载货汽车转向回正性仿真试验研究[J].机械设计与制造,2013(5):137-139.(Zhang Han,Guo Xue-xun,Yang Bo.Simulation and analysis of truck steering returnability based on orthogonal tests[J].Machinery Design&Manufacture,2013(5):137-139.)