摘要
针对用于缓蚀剂、杀菌剂、驱油剂、压裂液和防腐剂这5个方面对阳离子型双子表面活性剂的合成、使用条件、应用现状进行了综述,发现存在的问题有:缓蚀剂溶解性较差、对环境有污染;在高温、高浓度前提下防腐剂性能不强;杀菌剂稳定性较差、易产生抗药性;驱油剂的吸附量不够低、在地层介质中没有较大的扩散速度;压裂液的耐温性能较差、破胶不够快速、彻底。针对上述的不足之处提出了对于驱油剂应加强其对于超高温、高盐地层的适应性;提高压裂液的降滤失能力;发展有利于环境生产、无污染或低污染的缓蚀剂;提高防腐剂在高浓度条件下的防腐效果;制备稳定性强的杀菌剂等建议。
The synthesis,use conditions and application status of cationic gemini surfactants are reviewed from five aspects:corrosion inhibitors,fungicides,oil displacing agents,fracturing fluids,and preservatives.The problems found are:poor solubility of the corrosion inhibitors,pollution to the environment,and high temperature and high concentration conditions.The performance of preservatives is not strong;the stability of bactericides is poor,and drug resistance is easy;the adsorption capacity of the oil displacement agent is not low enough,and there is no large diffusion rate in the formation medium;the temperature resistance of the pressure fluid is poor and the rubber breaks.Not fast enough and thorough.In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies,it is proposed that the oil displacement agent should be enhanced in its adaptability to ultra-high temperature and high-salt formations;the fracturing fluid's ability to reduce fluid loss should be improved;and the development of environmentally friendly,pollution-free,or low-pollution corrosion protection should be promoted.Agents;improve the antiseptic effect of preservatives under high concentration conditions;prepare strong fungicides.
引文
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