广西地方鸡品种群体遗传结构及其遗传关系分析
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摘要
为探讨广西地方鸡品种遗传关系及群体遗传结构,利用21对荧光标记微卫星引物对广西三黄鸡(SH)、霞烟鸡(XY)、广西麻鸡(GXM)、南丹瑶鸡(NDY)、龙胜凤鸡(LSF)、灵山香鸡(LSX)、凌云乌鸡(LYW)、东兰乌鸡(DLW)和六画山鸡(LHS)等广西地方品种的平均等位基因数(NA)、观察杂合度(Ho)、期望杂合度(He)、多态信息含量(PIC)、品种的杂交情况和群体间的遗传距离进行分析,构建了基于NJ和UPGMA的进化树。结果显示:广西9个地方品种的平均等位基因数为5.26～8.86;观察杂合度最高的是XY,而期望杂合度最高的是GXM;多态信息含量最高的是GXM,最低的是LHS。除了LHS的PIC小于0.5外,其它品种均高于0.5;品种归属分析显示,NDY、LSF、LSX和LHS 4个品种的归属比率都为100%;XY、GXM、LYW和SH。9个品种中SH、XY、LSX和DLW处于Hardy-Weinberg不平衡。群体进化树分析显示,龙胜凤鸡和六画山鸡是一个相对独立的类群,其余7个品种聚为一个较为复杂的大类群。结果表明,广西大部分地方鸡品种的保种效果较理想,保种方案可行,广西地方品种形成与品种所处的地理环境可能存在某种联系。
In order to explore the genetic relationship and population genetic structure of Guangxi native chicken breeds, 21 microsatellite markers were used in this study to analyze the allele number(NA), observation heterozygosity(He), expectation heterozygosity(Ho), polymorphic information content(PIC), hybridization of breeds and genetic distance between populations by using the Guangxi native chicken breeds such as Guangxi Sanhuang(SH), Xiayan(XY),Guangxi Partridge(GXM), Nandan-Yao(NDY), Longsheng-Fong Chicken(LSF), Lingshan-Xiang(LSX), Lingyun-Wu(LYW), Donglan-Wu(DLW), and Liuhua-Shan(LHS).results showed that the average allele number of nine chicken Guangxi native breeds ranged from 5.26 to 8.86.observed heterozygosity was XY, the highest expected heterozygosity was GXM; the highest polymorphic information content was GXM and the lowest was LHS. The PIC was less than 0.5 of LHS, other breeds were all higher than 0.5. The analysis of breed ownership shows that, the ownership ratio of NDY, LSF, LDX and LHS were all 100%. Among the 9 breeds, SH, XY, LSX and DLW were in the imbalance equilibrium of Hardy-Weinberg.that LSF and LHS was a relatively independent populations, the other seven breeds into a more complex big populations.It was indicated that most Guangxi native chicken breeds the effect was ideal and conservation plan was feasible, and there might be some connection between the formation of Guangxi native breeds and their geographical environment.
In order to explore the genetic relationship and population genetic structure of Guangxi native chicken breeds, 21 microsatellite markers were used in this study to analyze the allele number(NA), observation heterozygosity(He), expectation heterozygosity(Ho), polymorphic information content(PIC), hybridization of breeds and genetic distance between populations by using the Guangxi native chicken breeds such as Guangxi Sanhuang(SH), Xiayan(XY),Guangxi Partridge(GXM), Nandan-Yao(NDY), Longsheng-Fong Chicken(LSF), Lingshan-Xiang(LSX), Lingyun-Wu(LYW), Donglan-Wu(DLW), and Liuhua-Shan(LHS).results showed that the average allele number of nine chicken Guangxi native breeds ranged from 5.26 to 8.86.observed heterozygosity was XY, the highest expected heterozygosity was GXM; the highest polymorphic information content was GXM and the lowest was LHS. The PIC was less than 0.5 of LHS, other breeds were all higher than 0.5. The analysis of breed ownership shows that, the ownership ratio of NDY, LSF, LDX and LHS were all 100%. Among the 9 breeds, SH, XY, LSX and DLW were in the imbalance equilibrium of Hardy-Weinberg.that LSF and LHS was a relatively independent populations, the other seven breeds into a more complex big populations.It was indicated that most Guangxi native chicken breeds the effect was ideal and conservation plan was feasible, and there might be some connection between the formation of Guangxi native breeds and their geographical environment.
引文
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[4]邓继贤,夏利,刘贵贤,等.利用微卫星标记分析广西六画山鸡群体遗传结构[J].中国家禽,2016,38(15):69-70.
[5]SKINNER D M,BEATTIE W G,BLATTNER F R,et al.The repeat sequence of a hermit crab satellite deoxyribonucleic acid is(-T-A-G-G-)n-(-A-T-C-C-)n[J].Biochemistry,1974,13(19):3930-3937.
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[7]张剑,初芹,张尧,等.利用微卫星标记分析北京油鸡遗传多样性的研究[J].中国家禽,2014,36(7):47-49.
[8]关佳佳,刘炜,吴昊冥,等.浦东鸡遗传多样性和进化的微卫星分子标记分析[J].中国家禽,2010,32(15):15-18.
[9]韦平,梁远东,韦凤英.广西家禽业生产现状及我国家禽业发展前景探讨[J].中国家禽,2013,35(23):2-6.
[10]韦凤英,陈宽维,束婧婷,等.广西三黄鸡保护选育和利用研究[J].中国家禽,2011,33(13):26-29.
[11]梁远东,张大昌,梁纪毫,等.广西黄羽肉鸡品种资源及其发展对策[C]//首届中国黄羽肉鸡行业发展大会论文集,2008.