二甲酸钾对感染坏死性肠炎肉鸡生长性能和肠道菌群的影响
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摘要
文章旨在研究二甲酸钾对坏死性结肠炎感染肉鸡生长性能、肠道菌群及短链脂肪酸含量的影响。试验选择1日龄肉仔鸡924只,随机分为7组,每组6个重复,每个重复22只鸡,7个试验组分别是:未感染阴性对照组、未感染+4 g/kg二甲酸钾、感染阴性对照组、感染+45 mg/kg杆菌肽锌(感染阳性对照组)、感染+2或4或6 g/kg二甲酸钾。试验从1 d进行到35 d。与未感染的阴性对照组相比,感染阳性对照组显著提高了肉鸡1～35 d日增重和饲料报酬(P <0.05),所有的二甲酸钾组较未感染阴性对照组或感染的阳性对照组均显著降低了日增重和饲料报酬(P <0.05);感染坏死性肠炎的鸡只较未感染组均显著提高了肉鸡死亡率(P <0.05),但添加二甲酸钾较感染阴性对照组显著降低了死亡率(P <0.05)。感染组较未感染组显著提高了15 d肉鸡盲肠总厌氧菌含量(P <0.05),感染组加4 g/kg二甲酸钾较未感染组显著提高了15 d肉鸡盲肠大肠杆菌含量(P <0.05);无论感染或未感染,添加4 g/kg二甲酸钾较阴性对照组均显著降低了35 d肉鸡肌胃乳酸杆菌及空肠大肠杆菌和产气荚膜梭菌含量(P <0.05)。感染阳性对照组和未感染阴性对照组较其他感染组均显著提高15 d肉鸡十二指肠和空肠pH(P <0.05),未感染阳性对照组较其他组显著提高了15 d肉鸡回肠pH(P <0.05)。二甲酸钾可以通过增加体重和降低死亡率在一定条件下缓解肉鸡生长性能的下降。
We aimed to evaluate the effects of possium diformate on growth performance,intestinal microbiota and short fatty acids contents of broilers infected with necrotic enteritis. 1 d male broilers(n=924)were allotted to 7 groups with6 replicates of 22 broilers. There were 7 groups :unchallenged negative control,unchallenged possium diformate(PDF,4 g/kg),challenged negative control, challenged positive control(45 mg/kg Zn-bacitracin),and challenged KDF(inclusion rate 2,4 and 6 mg/kg PDF,respectively). The experimnet last 35 d. Birds from the challenged positive control group had the highest weight gain and most ef?cient feed conversion ratio at 1～35 d followed by the unchallenged negative control group(P<0.05).Mortality related to necrotic enteritis was signi?cantly higher in the challenged compared with the unchallenged groups(P< 0.05),The challenged 4 g/kg PDF group had signi?cantly lower necrotic-enteritis-related mortality than the challenged negative control and the other challenged PDF groups(P < 0.05). The number of total anaerobic bacteria was signi?cantly higher in the caeca of challenged compared with unchallenged birds(P < 0.05). Birds from the challenged 4 g/kg PDF group had signi?cantly higher numbers of enterobacteria in the caeca compared with birds from the two unchallenged groups(P< 0.05). No matter challenged or not,chickens from the 4 g/kg PDF groups had signi?cantly fewer lactobacilli in the gizzard compared with chickens from the negative control groups(P < 0.05). The pH in contents from the duodenum and jejunum was signi?cantly higher for chickens from the challenged positive control and unchallenged negative control group compared with all challenged treatment groups(P < 0.05). A signi?cantly higher pH was observed for birds from the unchallenged positive control group as compared with all other treatment groups(P < 0.05). In conclusion,the results of this experiment indicates that potassium diformate can alleviate loss in bird performance under certain circumstances through increased body weight and reduced mortality.
We aimed to evaluate the effects of possium diformate on growth performance,intestinal microbiota and short fatty acids contents of broilers infected with necrotic enteritis. 1 d male broilers(n=924)were allotted to 7 groups with6 replicates of 22 broilers. There were 7 groups :unchallenged negative control,unchallenged possium diformate(PDF,4 g/kg),challenged negative control, challenged positive control(45 mg/kg Zn-bacitracin),and challenged KDF(inclusion rate 2,4 and 6 mg/kg PDF,respectively). The experimnet last 35 d. Birds from the challenged positive control group had the highest weight gain and most ef?cient feed conversion ratio at 1～35 d followed by the unchallenged negative control group(P<0.05).Mortality related to necrotic enteritis was signi?cantly higher in the challenged compared with the unchallenged groups(P< 0.05),The challenged 4 g/kg PDF group had signi?cantly lower necrotic-enteritis-related mortality than the challenged negative control and the other challenged PDF groups(P < 0.05). The number of total anaerobic bacteria was signi?cantly higher in the caeca of challenged compared with unchallenged birds(P < 0.05). Birds from the challenged 4 g/kg PDF group had signi?cantly higher numbers of enterobacteria in the caeca compared with birds from the two unchallenged groups(P< 0.05). No matter challenged or not,chickens from the 4 g/kg PDF groups had signi?cantly fewer lactobacilli in the gizzard compared with chickens from the negative control groups(P < 0.05). The pH in contents from the duodenum and jejunum was signi?cantly higher for chickens from the challenged positive control and unchallenged negative control group compared with all challenged treatment groups(P < 0.05). A signi?cantly higher pH was observed for birds from the unchallenged positive control group as compared with all other treatment groups(P < 0.05). In conclusion,the results of this experiment indicates that potassium diformate can alleviate loss in bird performance under certain circumstances through increased body weight and reduced mortality.
引文
[1]Hernandez F,Garcia V,Madrid J et al. Effect of formic acid on performance,digestibility,intestinal histomorphology and plasma metabolite levels of broiler chickens[J].British Poultry Science,2006,47:50~56.
[2]Jensen M T,Cox R P,Jensen B B. Microbial production of skatole in the hind gut of pigs fed different diets and its relation to skatole deposition in backfat[J].Animal Science,1995,61:293~304.
[3]Knarreborg A,Miquel N,Garnli T et al. Establishment and application of in vitro methodology to study the effects of organic acids on coliform and lactic acid bacteria in the proximal part of the gastrointestinal tract of piglets[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2002,99:131~140.
[4]Kocher A,Choct M,Teo A et al. Effectiveness of alternative feed supplements to broiler diets using a necrotic enteritis challenge model[J].Australian Poultry Science Symposium,2004,16:84~87.
[5]Mcdevitt R M,Brooker J D,Acamovic T et al. Necrotic enteritis;a continuing challenge for the poultry industry[J].World’s Poultry Science Journal,2006,62:221~247.
[6]Miller T L,Wolin M J. A serum bottle modification of the Hungate technique for cultivating obligate anaerobes[J].Applied Microbiology,1974,27:985~987.
[7]Mroz Z. Organic acids as potential alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters for pigs[J]. Advances in Pork Production,2005,16:169~182.
[8]Patten J D,Waldroup P W. Use of organic acids in broiler diets[J].Poultry Science,1988,67:1178~1182.
[9]Selle P H,Huang K H,Muir W I. Effects of potassium diformate inclusion in broiler diets on growth performance and nutrient utilisation[J].Australian Poultry Science Symposium,2004,16:55~58.
[2]Jensen M T,Cox R P,Jensen B B. Microbial production of skatole in the hind gut of pigs fed different diets and its relation to skatole deposition in backfat[J].Animal Science,1995,61:293~304.
[3]Knarreborg A,Miquel N,Garnli T et al. Establishment and application of in vitro methodology to study the effects of organic acids on coliform and lactic acid bacteria in the proximal part of the gastrointestinal tract of piglets[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2002,99:131~140.
[4]Kocher A,Choct M,Teo A et al. Effectiveness of alternative feed supplements to broiler diets using a necrotic enteritis challenge model[J].Australian Poultry Science Symposium,2004,16:84~87.
[5]Mcdevitt R M,Brooker J D,Acamovic T et al. Necrotic enteritis;a continuing challenge for the poultry industry[J].World’s Poultry Science Journal,2006,62:221~247.
[6]Miller T L,Wolin M J. A serum bottle modification of the Hungate technique for cultivating obligate anaerobes[J].Applied Microbiology,1974,27:985~987.
[7]Mroz Z. Organic acids as potential alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters for pigs[J]. Advances in Pork Production,2005,16:169~182.
[8]Patten J D,Waldroup P W. Use of organic acids in broiler diets[J].Poultry Science,1988,67:1178~1182.
[9]Selle P H,Huang K H,Muir W I. Effects of potassium diformate inclusion in broiler diets on growth performance and nutrient utilisation[J].Australian Poultry Science Symposium,2004,16:55~58.