短须裂腹鱼与鲈鲤杂交F_1代胚胎及仔稚鱼发育观察
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摘要
该研究利用干法授精对短须裂腹鱼(Schizothorax wangchiachii)与鲈鲤(Percocypris pingipingi)进行远缘杂交,对杂交子一代(F_1)胚胎及仔稚鱼发育进行观察,旨在为以后的杂交育种和品种选育提供基础资料。结果显示,水温(14.5±1.0)℃、pH 8.10～8.81,短须裂腹鱼(♀)×鲈鲤(♂)杂交F_1代胚胎发育良好,受精率为95.33%,孵化率为71.12%,完成胚胎发育所需时间为144.33 h,有效积温为2 092.79 h·℃。在相似条件下,胚胎发育速度快于两亲本,各器官的形成顺序与亲本存在差异,仔稚鱼生长良好,发育速度与生长速度均慢于父本鲈鲤。在同等实验条件下,鲈鲤(♀)×短须裂腹鱼(♂) F_1代胚胎不能正常发育,发育至原肠期所需时间为51.25 h,所需积温为743.13 h·℃,原肠期末的死亡率高达85.83%,最后仅12尾出膜,且出膜后均畸形,出膜3 d后全部死亡。研究表明短须裂腹鱼(♀)×鲈鲤(♂)杂交是可行的。
We observed the embryonic, larval and juvenile development of hybrid of Schizothorax wangchiachii and Percocypris pingipingi via dry artificial reproduction, so as to provide basic data for cross breeding and variety selection. The results show that the F_1 hybrid by S. wangchiachii(♀) and P. pingipingi(♂) embryos developed well at water temperature of(14.5±1.0) ℃ and pH of 8.10-8.81. The fertilization rate was 95.33%, and the hatching rate was 71.12%. The fertilized eggs were hatched within 144.33 h,and the sum effective accumulative temperature was 2 092.79 h·℃. Under similar conditions, the embryos grew faster than the parents, and the formation order of each organ was different from that of the parents. The larvae grew well, but the developmental speed and growth rate were slower than those of the father. Under the same experimental conditions, the F_1 embryos of P. pingipingi(♀) ×S. wangchiachi(♂) were unable to develop normally, and the time required for development to the gastrula period was 51.25 h, and the required accumulated temperature was 743.13 h·℃. The mortality rate of the end of the gastrointestine was 85.83%, and only 12 embryos hatched in the end with all larvae deformed. All larvae died after 3 d. The results show that it is feasible to cross between S. wangchiachii(♀) and P. pingipingi(♂).
We observed the embryonic, larval and juvenile development of hybrid of Schizothorax wangchiachii and Percocypris pingipingi via dry artificial reproduction, so as to provide basic data for cross breeding and variety selection. The results show that the F_1 hybrid by S. wangchiachii(♀) and P. pingipingi(♂) embryos developed well at water temperature of(14.5±1.0) ℃ and pH of 8.10-8.81. The fertilization rate was 95.33%, and the hatching rate was 71.12%. The fertilized eggs were hatched within 144.33 h,and the sum effective accumulative temperature was 2 092.79 h·℃. Under similar conditions, the embryos grew faster than the parents, and the formation order of each organ was different from that of the parents. The larvae grew well, but the developmental speed and growth rate were slower than those of the father. Under the same experimental conditions, the F_1 embryos of P. pingipingi(♀) ×S. wangchiachi(♂) were unable to develop normally, and the time required for development to the gastrula period was 51.25 h, and the required accumulated temperature was 743.13 h·℃. The mortality rate of the end of the gastrointestine was 85.83%, and only 12 embryos hatched in the end with all larvae deformed. All larvae died after 3 d. The results show that it is feasible to cross between S. wangchiachii(♀) and P. pingipingi(♂).
引文
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[7]徐革锋,杜佳,张永泉,等.哲罗鱼(♀)与细鳞鱼(♂)杂交种胚胎及仔稚鱼发育[J].中国水产科学,2010,17(4):630-638.
[8]徐伟,曹顶臣,李池陶,等.水晶彩鲫、红鲫、锦鲤、荷包红鲤杂交子代的生长和体色研究[J].水产学报,2005,29(3):339-343.
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[10]张纯,刘少军,李涛,等.红鲫(♀)×鲤(♂)杂交鱼的胚胎染色体组倍性研究[J].水产学报,2014,35(9):1369-1373.
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[12]卢薛,孙际佳,王海芳,等.大眼鳜与翘嘴鳜正反交及其正交子代自交的胚胎发育观察[J].中国水产科学,2013,20(5):975-981.
[13]丁瑞华.四川鱼类志[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,1994:365-367.
[14]刘跃天,冷云,徐伟毅,等.短须裂腹鱼人工繁殖初探[J].水利渔业,2007,27(5):31-32.
[15]楼允东.鱼类育种学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2001:131-151.
[16]孙效文,鲁翠云,匡友谊,等.鱼类分子育种学[M].北京:海洋出版社,2010:84-98.
[17]李光华,冷云,吴敬东,等.短须裂腹鱼规模化人工繁育技术研究[J].现代农业科技,2014,42(10):259-261,270.
[18]伍献文.中国鱼类志[M].北京:科学出版社,1977:47-51.
[19]刘阳,朱挺兵,吴兴兵,等.短须裂腹鱼胚胎及早期仔鱼发育观察[J].水产科学,2015,34(11):683-689.
[20]左鹏翔,李光华,冷云,等.短须裂腹鱼胚胎与仔鱼早期发育特性研究[J].水生态学杂志,2015,36(3):77-82.
[21]甘维熊,王红梅,邓龙君,等.雅砻江短须裂腹鱼胚胎和卵黄囊仔鱼的形态发育[J].动物学杂志,2016,51(2):253-260.
[22]左鹏翔,李光华,冷云,等.鲈鲤胚胎发育研究[J].现代农业科技,2014,42(6):272-282.
[23]赖见生,杜军,赵刚,等.鲈鲤的胚胎及胚后发育[J].西南农业学报,2014,27(3):1326-1331.
[24]王永明,岳兴建.鲈鲤的胚胎发育[J].四川动物,2013,32(4):530-534.
[25]GISBERT E,WILLIOT P.Influence of storage duration of ovulated eggs prior to fertilisation on the early ontogenesis of sterlet(Acipenser ruthenus)and Siberian sturgeon(Acipenser baeri)[J].Int Rev Hylrobiol,2002,87(6):605-612.
[26]BA Q,DUAN J,TIAN J Q,et al.Dihydroartemisinin promotes angiogenesis during the early embryonic development of zebrafish[J].Acta Pharmacol Sin,2013,34(8):1101-1107.
[27]黄小林,李涛,林黑着,等.网箱养殖黄斑篮子鱼胚胎发育观察[J].南方水产科学,2018,14(2):96-101.
[28]GIUSTI J,PINHAL D,MOXON S,et al.MicroRNA-10 modulates Hox genes expression during Nile tilapia embryonic development[J].Mech Dev,2016,140(3):12-18.
[29]LIN Q,LU J Y,GAO Y L,et al.The effect of temperature on gonad,embryonic development and survival rate of juvenile seahorses,Hippocampus kuda Bleeker[J].Aquaculture,2006,254(2):701-713.
[30]邓思红,陈修松,谭中林,等.黄河裸裂尻鱼胚胎发育和双头鱼形态初步观察[J].水生态学杂志,2014,35(4):97-100.
[31]刘文生,李勇,肖建光.胡子鲇胚胎发育的观察[J].华南农业大学学报,2004,25(4):89-92.
[32]许静,谢从新,邵俭,等.雅鲁藏布江尖裸鲤胚胎和仔稚鱼发育研究[J].水生态学杂志,2011,32(2):86-92.
[33]冷云,徐伟毅,刘跃天,等.小裂腹鱼胚胎发育的观察[J].水利渔业,2006,26(1):32-34.
[34]陈礼强,吴青,郑曙明,等.细鳞裂腹鱼胚胎和卵黄囊仔鱼的发育[J].中国水产科学,2008,15(6):927-934.
[35]GONG X L,CUI Z K,ZHANG X Y,et al.Complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of the endangered Tarim schizothoracin(Schizothorax biddulphi Günther)[J].Mitochondr DNA,2012,23(5):385-387.
[2]吴水清,郑乐云,罗辉玉,等.杂交石斑鱼(斜带石斑鱼♀×赤点石斑鱼♂)与其亲本形态性状比较研究[J].南方水产科学,2017,13(5):47-54.
[3]王新成,尤锋,倪高田,等.石鲽与牙鲆人工杂交的研究[J].海洋科学,2003,27(1):1-4.
[4]KANG S J,SOHN S H,KANG K S,et al.Molecular and biological aspects of early germ cell development in interspecies hybrids between chickens and pheasants[J].Theriogenology,2011,75(4):696-706.
[5]张福崇,赵海涛,万玉美,等.菊黄东方鲀(♀)×红鳍东方鲀(♂)杂交子代胚胎及仔稚幼鱼发育研究[J].水产科学,2014,33(6):337-343.
[6]ZHANG S B,FAN C.Effect of DNMT inhibitor on bovine parthenogenetic embryo development[J].Biochem Biophys Res Commun,2015,466(3):505-511.
[7]徐革锋,杜佳,张永泉,等.哲罗鱼(♀)与细鳞鱼(♂)杂交种胚胎及仔稚鱼发育[J].中国水产科学,2010,17(4):630-638.
[8]徐伟,曹顶臣,李池陶,等.水晶彩鲫、红鲫、锦鲤、荷包红鲤杂交子代的生长和体色研究[J].水产学报,2005,29(3):339-343.
[9]GLAMNZINA B,GLAVI?N,SKARAMACA B,et al.Early development of the hyhrid Epinephelus costae×E.marginatus[J].Aquaculture,2001,198(2):55-61.
[10]张纯,刘少军,李涛,等.红鲫(♀)×鲤(♂)杂交鱼的胚胎染色体组倍性研究[J].水产学报,2014,35(9):1369-1373.
[11]RANJAN R,SINGH R K,YASOTHA T,et al.Effect of actin polymerization inhibitor during oocyte maturation on parthenogenetic embryo development and ploidy in Capra hircus[J].Biochem Genet,2013,51(11/12):944-953.
[12]卢薛,孙际佳,王海芳,等.大眼鳜与翘嘴鳜正反交及其正交子代自交的胚胎发育观察[J].中国水产科学,2013,20(5):975-981.
[13]丁瑞华.四川鱼类志[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,1994:365-367.
[14]刘跃天,冷云,徐伟毅,等.短须裂腹鱼人工繁殖初探[J].水利渔业,2007,27(5):31-32.
[15]楼允东.鱼类育种学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2001:131-151.
[16]孙效文,鲁翠云,匡友谊,等.鱼类分子育种学[M].北京:海洋出版社,2010:84-98.
[17]李光华,冷云,吴敬东,等.短须裂腹鱼规模化人工繁育技术研究[J].现代农业科技,2014,42(10):259-261,270.
[18]伍献文.中国鱼类志[M].北京:科学出版社,1977:47-51.
[19]刘阳,朱挺兵,吴兴兵,等.短须裂腹鱼胚胎及早期仔鱼发育观察[J].水产科学,2015,34(11):683-689.
[20]左鹏翔,李光华,冷云,等.短须裂腹鱼胚胎与仔鱼早期发育特性研究[J].水生态学杂志,2015,36(3):77-82.
[21]甘维熊,王红梅,邓龙君,等.雅砻江短须裂腹鱼胚胎和卵黄囊仔鱼的形态发育[J].动物学杂志,2016,51(2):253-260.
[22]左鹏翔,李光华,冷云,等.鲈鲤胚胎发育研究[J].现代农业科技,2014,42(6):272-282.
[23]赖见生,杜军,赵刚,等.鲈鲤的胚胎及胚后发育[J].西南农业学报,2014,27(3):1326-1331.
[24]王永明,岳兴建.鲈鲤的胚胎发育[J].四川动物,2013,32(4):530-534.
[25]GISBERT E,WILLIOT P.Influence of storage duration of ovulated eggs prior to fertilisation on the early ontogenesis of sterlet(Acipenser ruthenus)and Siberian sturgeon(Acipenser baeri)[J].Int Rev Hylrobiol,2002,87(6):605-612.
[26]BA Q,DUAN J,TIAN J Q,et al.Dihydroartemisinin promotes angiogenesis during the early embryonic development of zebrafish[J].Acta Pharmacol Sin,2013,34(8):1101-1107.
[27]黄小林,李涛,林黑着,等.网箱养殖黄斑篮子鱼胚胎发育观察[J].南方水产科学,2018,14(2):96-101.
[28]GIUSTI J,PINHAL D,MOXON S,et al.MicroRNA-10 modulates Hox genes expression during Nile tilapia embryonic development[J].Mech Dev,2016,140(3):12-18.
[29]LIN Q,LU J Y,GAO Y L,et al.The effect of temperature on gonad,embryonic development and survival rate of juvenile seahorses,Hippocampus kuda Bleeker[J].Aquaculture,2006,254(2):701-713.
[30]邓思红,陈修松,谭中林,等.黄河裸裂尻鱼胚胎发育和双头鱼形态初步观察[J].水生态学杂志,2014,35(4):97-100.
[31]刘文生,李勇,肖建光.胡子鲇胚胎发育的观察[J].华南农业大学学报,2004,25(4):89-92.
[32]许静,谢从新,邵俭,等.雅鲁藏布江尖裸鲤胚胎和仔稚鱼发育研究[J].水生态学杂志,2011,32(2):86-92.
[33]冷云,徐伟毅,刘跃天,等.小裂腹鱼胚胎发育的观察[J].水利渔业,2006,26(1):32-34.
[34]陈礼强,吴青,郑曙明,等.细鳞裂腹鱼胚胎和卵黄囊仔鱼的发育[J].中国水产科学,2008,15(6):927-934.
[35]GONG X L,CUI Z K,ZHANG X Y,et al.Complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of the endangered Tarim schizothoracin(Schizothorax biddulphi Günther)[J].Mitochondr DNA,2012,23(5):385-387.