MBR技术中剩余污泥减量机理研究
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摘要
由于剩余污泥量大,已成为制约污水生物处理技术发展的重要因素.膜生物反应器(MBR)作为新型高效污水处理技术,能够实现污水处理中的剩余污泥减量.采用对比法,对MBR技术中剩余污泥减量的机理进行了研究.研究表明,溶解氧(DO)质量浓度在1.0～3.0 mg/L内,污染物处理效果均可达到90%以上,污泥浓度(MLVSS)可控制在10 g/L左右,脱氢酶活性平均值为136.82 mg/g-VSS,膜区污泥中三磷酸腺苷(ATP)含量平均为0.003 56μg/mg-VSS.分析发现,在MBR中发生了能量解偶联作用,膜区附近、反应器中部、进水口附近的胞外聚合物(EPS)含量分别为15.15、12.79、15.38 mg/g-VSS,EPS和胞外蛋白酶相互作用,EPS、微生物残骸等大分子物质被高活性的胞外蛋白酶降解,成为可以被微生物代谢的基质,促进了微生物隐性增长,从而有效降低了污泥产率,实现了剩余有机污泥减量.
The large amount of sludge has become an important factor preventing the development of biological sewage treatment techniques. Membrane bio-reactor(MBR) is a new and efficient wastewater treatment technology, which can reduce sludge in wastewater treatment. This paper discusses the mechanism sludge reduction about MBR technology by comparative method. The dissolved oxygen(DO) concentration is 1.0～3.0 mg/L, the effects of pollutant treatment can reach more than 90%, the sludge concentration(MLVSS) can be controlled at about 10 g/L, and the average dehydrogenase activity is 136.82 mg/g-VSS, the average adenosine triphosphate(ATP) content in the sludge of the equipment was 0.003 56 μg/mg-VSS, and it was found that energy uncoupling occurred in the MBR, extracellular polymeric substances(EPS) content in the vicinity of the membrane area, the middle part of the reactor and the inlet was 15.15, 12.79, 15.38 mg/g-VSS, EPS content and extracellular enzyme activity interaction, EPS and the macromolecules such as microbial debris were degraded by the extracellular enzyme with high activity which can be metabolized by the microorganism and promote the growth of the microorganism, resulting in a lower final sludge yield effectively, and achieving the zero emissions of organic excess sludge.
The large amount of sludge has become an important factor preventing the development of biological sewage treatment techniques. Membrane bio-reactor(MBR) is a new and efficient wastewater treatment technology, which can reduce sludge in wastewater treatment. This paper discusses the mechanism sludge reduction about MBR technology by comparative method. The dissolved oxygen(DO) concentration is 1.0～3.0 mg/L, the effects of pollutant treatment can reach more than 90%, the sludge concentration(MLVSS) can be controlled at about 10 g/L, and the average dehydrogenase activity is 136.82 mg/g-VSS, the average adenosine triphosphate(ATP) content in the sludge of the equipment was 0.003 56 μg/mg-VSS, and it was found that energy uncoupling occurred in the MBR, extracellular polymeric substances(EPS) content in the vicinity of the membrane area, the middle part of the reactor and the inlet was 15.15, 12.79, 15.38 mg/g-VSS, EPS content and extracellular enzyme activity interaction, EPS and the macromolecules such as microbial debris were degraded by the extracellular enzyme with high activity which can be metabolized by the microorganism and promote the growth of the microorganism, resulting in a lower final sludge yield effectively, and achieving the zero emissions of organic excess sludge.
引文
[1] 黄万抚,邹志强,胡雪飞,等.化学活性生物法处理稀土氨氮废水中试研究[J].金属矿山,2017,46(11):162-166.
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[12] 罗渊明,卢泽民,朱咏莉.机械扰动富营养水体溶解氧推动力及其数值模拟[J].江苏农业科学,2013,41(9):379-382.
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[15] 张可方,张朝升,韦伟,等.好氧及厌氧/好氧序批式工艺中磷化氢的释放[J].环境工程,2011,29(5):127-129.
[16] 韦伟,张可方,张朝升,等.磷化氢在水处理中的研究现状[J].中国给水排水,2009,25(12):20-23.
[17] 廖志民,胡姣姣,黄万抚,等.一种治理沼液的兼氧膜生物反应器工艺[J].江西理工大学学报,2013,34(3):1-5.
[18] 叶芬霞,陈英旭.能量解偶联代谢对剩余污泥的减量化研究[J].环境科学与技术,2005,28(4):4-5.
[19] 高廷耀,顾国维,周琪.水污染处理工程[M]//第四版.北京:高等教育出版社,2015.
[20] 杨波,单晓明,田晴,等.厌氧、好氧、厌氧/好氧交替状态对活性污泥性质的影响[J].环境工程学报,2015,9(9):4293-4299.
[21] 周玲玲,董滨译.污水处理厂污泥减量化技术[M]//北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2012.
[22] Low E W,Chase H A.Reducing production of excess biomass during waste water treatment[J].Water Res,1999,33(5):1119-1132.
[23] Hou Y N,Yang C X,Zhou A J,et al.Effect of aeration rate on the hydrolysis and acidification of waste activated sludge in thermophilic aerobic conditions[J].Adv Mater Res,2013,664:111-116.
[24] Kim A S,Chen H Q,Yuan R.EPS biofouling in membrane filtration:An analytic modeling study[J].J Colloid Interf Sci,2006,303(1):243-249.
[25] 陈伟,贾原媛,郑伟,等.胞外多聚物对酶催化污泥厌氧水解的影响研究[J].环境科学,2011,32(8):2334-2339.
[26] Sponza D T.Investigation of extracellular polymer substances (EPS) and physicochemical properties of different activated sludge flocs under steady-state conditions[J].Enzyme Microb Tech,2003,32:375-385.
[2] Feng Y,Zhang Y,Quan X,et al.Enhanced anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge digestion by the addition of zero valent iron[J].Water Res,2014,52(4):242-250.
[3] Qian L,Wang S,Xu D,et al.Treatment of municipal sewage sludge in supercritical water:A review[J].Water Res,2016,89:118-131.
[4] Yang G,Zhang G,Wang H.Current state of sludge production,management,treatment and disposal in China[J].Water Res,2015,78:60-73.
[5] Hao X,Liu R,Huang X.Evaluation of the potential for operating carbon neutral WWTPs in China[J].Water Res,2015,87:424-431.
[6] 黄万抚,周荣忠,廖志民.发酵类制药废水处理工程的改造[J].工业水处理,2010,30(3):82-84.
[7] 何圣兵,蒋轶锋,王宝贞.MBR中溶解氧和污泥负荷对污泥产量的影响[J].水处理技术,2005,31(9):17-20.
[8] 袁星,杨敏,罗南,等.一体式A2/O - MBR内的DO分布模拟及影响因素研究[J].膜科学与技术,2016,36(1):61-71.
[9] 黄万抚,吴胜之,胡姣姣.兼氧型FMBR处理印染废水的实验研究[J].江西理工大学学报,2016,37(1):5-9.
[10] 高大文,李昕芯,安瑞,等.不同DO下MBR内微生物群落结构与运行效果关系[J].中国环境科学,2010,30(2):209-215.
[11] 周丹丹,马放,董双石,等.溶解氧和有机碳源对同步硝化反硝化的影响[J].环境工程学报,2007,1(4):25-28.
[12] 罗渊明,卢泽民,朱咏莉.机械扰动富营养水体溶解氧推动力及其数值模拟[J].江苏农业科学,2013,41(9):379-382.
[13] 高延耀,夏四清,周增炎.城市污水生物脱氮除磷机理研究进展[J].上海环境科学,1999,18(1):16-18.
[14] 廖志民.兼氧型MBR工艺“气化除磷”效果研究[J].中国给水排水,2010,26(11):51-52.
[15] 张可方,张朝升,韦伟,等.好氧及厌氧/好氧序批式工艺中磷化氢的释放[J].环境工程,2011,29(5):127-129.
[16] 韦伟,张可方,张朝升,等.磷化氢在水处理中的研究现状[J].中国给水排水,2009,25(12):20-23.
[17] 廖志民,胡姣姣,黄万抚,等.一种治理沼液的兼氧膜生物反应器工艺[J].江西理工大学学报,2013,34(3):1-5.
[18] 叶芬霞,陈英旭.能量解偶联代谢对剩余污泥的减量化研究[J].环境科学与技术,2005,28(4):4-5.
[19] 高廷耀,顾国维,周琪.水污染处理工程[M]//第四版.北京:高等教育出版社,2015.
[20] 杨波,单晓明,田晴,等.厌氧、好氧、厌氧/好氧交替状态对活性污泥性质的影响[J].环境工程学报,2015,9(9):4293-4299.
[21] 周玲玲,董滨译.污水处理厂污泥减量化技术[M]//北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2012.
[22] Low E W,Chase H A.Reducing production of excess biomass during waste water treatment[J].Water Res,1999,33(5):1119-1132.
[23] Hou Y N,Yang C X,Zhou A J,et al.Effect of aeration rate on the hydrolysis and acidification of waste activated sludge in thermophilic aerobic conditions[J].Adv Mater Res,2013,664:111-116.
[24] Kim A S,Chen H Q,Yuan R.EPS biofouling in membrane filtration:An analytic modeling study[J].J Colloid Interf Sci,2006,303(1):243-249.
[25] 陈伟,贾原媛,郑伟,等.胞外多聚物对酶催化污泥厌氧水解的影响研究[J].环境科学,2011,32(8):2334-2339.
[26] Sponza D T.Investigation of extracellular polymer substances (EPS) and physicochemical properties of different activated sludge flocs under steady-state conditions[J].Enzyme Microb Tech,2003,32:375-385.