社区参与下的闽东乡村旅游生态化转型升级研究
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摘要
乡村旅游的"反生态化"问题在很大程度上是人地关系不协调的体现,因此社区参与是解决的最佳途径之一。本文依据闽东的乡村旅游资源禀赋,将其归纳为古村名镇型、清新山水型、水乡渔村型、休闲农庄型和风情民俗型五种类型,在此基础上分析发展中的现实困境;从缺乏生态责任感、生态产业链较短、生态资源未得到有效保护、生态特色未充分体现等四个方面做了具体分析,从而提出应在社区参与下进行生态化转型升级,包括植入"生态+"理念、构建美丽生态环境、完善生态产业链、注入生态化创意等,为闽东乡村旅游的生态化转型升级提供参考。
The "anti-ecological"of rural tourism is to a large extent the reflection of the in-coordination between human and land,so community participation is one of the best ways to solve it. On the basis of Mindong rural tourism resources,it can be divided into five types,namely ancient village town type,fresh landscape type,water fishing village type,leisure farm type and folk custom type. This paper analyzes the practical difficulties in the development from the following four aspects,such as lack of ecological responsibility,short ecological industry chain,lack of effective protection of ecological resources and inadequate expression of ecological characteristics. And it puts forward that ecological transformation and upgrading should be undergone with the participation of the community. It includes the concept of ecological plus,the construction of a beautiful ecological environment,the improvement of the ecological industrial chain and the injection of ecological creativity,which provides a reference for Mindong ecological transformation and upgrading of the rural tourism.
The "anti-ecological"of rural tourism is to a large extent the reflection of the in-coordination between human and land,so community participation is one of the best ways to solve it. On the basis of Mindong rural tourism resources,it can be divided into five types,namely ancient village town type,fresh landscape type,water fishing village type,leisure farm type and folk custom type. This paper analyzes the practical difficulties in the development from the following four aspects,such as lack of ecological responsibility,short ecological industry chain,lack of effective protection of ecological resources and inadequate expression of ecological characteristics. And it puts forward that ecological transformation and upgrading should be undergone with the participation of the community. It includes the concept of ecological plus,the construction of a beautiful ecological environment,the improvement of the ecological industrial chain and the injection of ecological creativity,which provides a reference for Mindong ecological transformation and upgrading of the rural tourism.
引文
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[2]宁德市旅游发展委员会官网[EB/OL].[2019-02-12].http://www.ndly.gov.cn/news_show/id-9605.html.
[3]村庄大变化宁德“乡村旅游”成时尚[EB/OL].[2017-02-06].http://www.xinhuanet.com/fortune/2017-02/06/c_129468425.htm.
[4]张小萍.闽东历史文化名镇、名村的保护问题研究[C].农村文化建设:探索与实践,2009(8):306.
[5]宋棣.山水型乡村旅游景区开发规划研究:以博山长寿山为例[D].济南:山东农业大学,2015:12.
[6]宁德市旅游发展委员会官网[EB/OL].[2018-10-08].http://www.ndly.gov.cn/news_show/id-9460.html.
[7]黄蔚艳,周宁.渔村旅游客源市场分析与行为模式研究:以舟山市渔村旅游为例[J].农业经济,2007(3):32.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-6139.2007.03.014.
[8]许丽,郑雅慧,刘举,等.胶东渔村旅游开发中乡村景观资源的保护和利用[J].山东农业大学学报(自然科学版),2014,45(1):48.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2324.2014.01.009.
[9]陈雯玲,朱朝枝.传统村落旅游开发相关利益主体诉求及表达途径:以中国传统村落福安市溪潭镇廉村为例[J].中国集体经济,2016(24):107.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-8455.2016.05.030.
[10]詹岚,钟荣凤.基于三重底线理论的乡村旅游生态化发展研究:以闽东霍童古镇为例[J].中南林业科技大学学报(社会科学版),2017,11(1):84.DOI:10.14067/j.cnki.1673-9272.2017.01.000.
[11]鲁芬.旅游景区生态化水平测度研究[D].昆明:云南师范大学,2017:123.
[12]乡村建设经验:社区营造的创意巧思[EB/OL].[2018-08-07].http://www.sohu.com/a/245796590_200508.
[13]许黎.乡村旅游开发与生态文明建设融合发展评价研究:以四川省邻水县芭蕉村为例[D].武汉:武汉科技大学,2018:40.
[14]刘吉婷.社区营造视角下乡村旅游社区外来经营者地方依恋研究:以成都市蒲江县明月村为例[D].成都:四川师范大学,2018:31.
[15]张航.生态文明视域下黑龙江省县域乡村旅游发展研究:以富裕县乡村生态旅游发展为例[D].哈尔滨:黑龙江大学,2014:46.