饲料中添加不同梯度珍珠露水草提取物对罗氏沼虾生长、蛋白质代谢和肌肉营养成分的影响
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摘要
旨在研究饲料中添加不同梯度珍珠露水草提取物(CA)对罗氏沼虾生长、蛋白质代谢和肌肉营养成分的影响。以基础饲料为对照组,分别于基础饲料中添加7.5、67.5 mg/kg CA,共配制3种等氮等能饲料,饲养试验为期8周。试验表明:基础饲料中添加7.5 mg/kg CA对罗氏沼虾的生长性能、饲料利用率、肠道及肝脏消化酶(蛋白酶、脂肪酶和淀粉酶)活性、肝脏转氨酶(丙氨酸氨基转移酶和天冬氨酸氨基转移酶)活性、肌肉常规营养成分(水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、和粗灰分)和肌肉脂肪酸组成均无明显影响;而添加67.5 mg/kg CA显著提高了罗氏沼虾的生长性能、饲料利用率、肠道蛋白酶活性、肝脏天冬氨酸氨基转移酶活性和肌肉中呈味氨基酸(天冬氨酸、谷氨酸和甘氨酸)及粗蛋白的含量。
The paper aims to study the effects of adding different concentrations of Cyanotis arachnoidea(CA)extracts in feed on the growth,protein metabolism and nutritional components in muscle of Macrobrachium rosenbergii.Adding 7.5,67.5 mg/kg CA to the basic diet which was the control group,we made 3 kinds of feed with equal energy and nitrogen,and did the feeding test for 8 weeks.The results showed that:adding 7.5 mg/kg CA in basic diet had no significant effect on the growth performance,feed utilization,enteric and hepatic digestive enzyme(protease,lipase and amylase) activities,hepatic aminotransferase(alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase) activities,muscular nutrient composition(moisture,crude protein,crude lipid and ash) and muscular fatty acids contents;however,adding 67.5 mg/kg CA significantly improved the growth performance,feed utilization,enteric protease activity,hepatic AST activity and muscular delicious amino acids(aspartic acid,glutamic acid and glycine) and crude protein contents of Macrobrachium rosenbergii.
The paper aims to study the effects of adding different concentrations of Cyanotis arachnoidea(CA)extracts in feed on the growth,protein metabolism and nutritional components in muscle of Macrobrachium rosenbergii.Adding 7.5,67.5 mg/kg CA to the basic diet which was the control group,we made 3 kinds of feed with equal energy and nitrogen,and did the feeding test for 8 weeks.The results showed that:adding 7.5 mg/kg CA in basic diet had no significant effect on the growth performance,feed utilization,enteric and hepatic digestive enzyme(protease,lipase and amylase) activities,hepatic aminotransferase(alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase) activities,muscular nutrient composition(moisture,crude protein,crude lipid and ash) and muscular fatty acids contents;however,adding 67.5 mg/kg CA significantly improved the growth performance,feed utilization,enteric protease activity,hepatic AST activity and muscular delicious amino acids(aspartic acid,glutamic acid and glycine) and crude protein contents of Macrobrachium rosenbergii.
引文
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[14]朱小明,李少菁.甲壳动物幼体蜕皮的调控[J].水产学报,2001,25(4):379-384.
[15]杨洁.中华绒螯蟹体内几种同工酶及在不同发育阶段的研究[D].上海:上海师范大学,2010:7-10.
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[17]殷海成.克氏原螯虾XO-SG复合体及其与性腺发育、生长、蜕皮关系的研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2007:2-4.
[18]王宁珠,弘耑,等.植物蜕皮激素对罗氏沼虾的影响[J].饲料研究,1991(10):8-9.
[19]刘志冲,孙龙生,杨家威,等.饲料中添加β-蜕皮激素对罗氏沼虾生长性能的影响[J].饲料与畜牧:新饲料,2014(8):16-18.
[20]陈晨,黄峰,舒秋艳,等.共轭亚油酸对草鱼生长、肌肉成分、谷草转氨酶及谷丙转氨酶活性的影响[J].水生生物学报,2010,34(3):647-651.
[21] Zhou S W, Zou S X, Jiang Y M, et al. Animal Biochemistry(Thirdedition)[M].China Agriculture Press,2003:156-175.
[22]邓君明.动植物蛋白源对牙鲆摄食、生长和蛋白质及脂肪代谢的影响[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2006:36-37.
[23] Ogoyi D O, Osir E O, Olembo N K, et al. ComparativeBiochemistry and Physiology-Part B:Biochemistry and MolecularBiology[J].Pergamon Press,2009,71(5):1-2.
[24]孙曼曼,胡敬环,张凤英,等.蟹类生长发育相关激素研究进展[J].渔业信息与战略,2015,30(4):272-279.
[25]严安生,熊传喜.鳜鱼含肉率及鱼肉营养价值的研究[J].华中农业大学学报,1995(1):80-84.
[26]艾明艳,胡筱波,熊善柏,等.框鳞镜鲤肌肉主要营养成分测定评价[J].营养学报,2011,33(1):87-89.
[27]洛桑,布多,旦增,等.3种淡水鱼肌肉脂质的组成及营养评价[J].淡水渔业,2009,39(6):74-76.
[28]中国预防医学科学院营养与食品卫生研究所.食物成分表(全国代表值)[M].人民卫生出版社,1991.
[2]杨国梁.罗氏沼虾人工育苗及养殖新技术(上)[J].科学养鱼,2008,2008(12):12-13.
[3]姜仁良,朱大白.虾蟹类的蜕壳和生长[J].水产科技情报,1993(2):55-57.
[4]牟兰,杨生超,关德军,等.露水草β-蜕皮激素含量积累规律与最佳采收期研究[J].云南农业大学学报,2011,26(2):194-198.
[5] Warner A C, Stevenson J R. The influence of ecdysones andeyestalk removal on the molt cycle of the crayfish Orconectesobscurus[J].General&Comparative Endocrinology,1972,18(3):454-462.
[6] Hubschman J H, Armstrong P W. Influence of ecdysterone onmolting in Palaemonetes[J].General&Comparative Endocrinology,1972,18(3):435-8.
[7] Gilgan M W, Farquharson T E, Burns B G, et al. The effect ofα-ecdysone, ecdysterone and inokosterone treatment, separately or incombinations, on premolt development and molting in adult malelobsters(Homarus americanus)[J].Comparative Biochemistry&Physiology Part A Physiology,1977,56(1):43-49.
[8] Armstrong P W, Stevenson J R. The effect of ecdysterone on 14C-N-acetylglucosamine incorporation into chitin in the crayfishorconectes obscurus during the molt cycle[J].ComparativeBiochemistry&Physiology Part B Comparative Biochemistry,1979,63(1):63-65.
[9] Mcconaugha J R, Costlow J D. Ecdysone regulation of larvalcrustacean molting[J].Comparative Biochemistry and PhysiologyPart A:Physiology,1981,68(1):91-93.
[10] Atsuko M. Effects of eyestalk extracts and ecdysterone on waterintake through the anus of the crayfish[J].Comparative Biochemistry&Physiology PartAPhysiology,1981,69(2):197-203.
[11]刘立鹤,郑石轩,徐焕新,等.蜕壳素对凡纳滨对虾生长及表观消化率的影响[J].广东海洋大学学报,2003,23(4):30-36.
[12]罗日祥,王玉英.β-蜕皮激素和水龙骨素B的混合物对促进对虾蜕皮生长的作用[J].海洋学报,1990,12(3):355-358.
[13]陈树桥,陈勇,周国勤,等.蜕皮激素对克氏原螯虾蜕皮和生长的影响[J].南京师大学报:自然科学版,2012,35(1):80-83.
[14]朱小明,李少菁.甲壳动物幼体蜕皮的调控[J].水产学报,2001,25(4):379-384.
[15]杨洁.中华绒螯蟹体内几种同工酶及在不同发育阶段的研究[D].上海:上海师范大学,2010:7-10.
[16]张其林,叶秀成.用蜕皮激素作饵料添加剂可提高对虾产量[J].今日科技,1991(4):20.
[17]殷海成.克氏原螯虾XO-SG复合体及其与性腺发育、生长、蜕皮关系的研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2007:2-4.
[18]王宁珠,弘耑,等.植物蜕皮激素对罗氏沼虾的影响[J].饲料研究,1991(10):8-9.
[19]刘志冲,孙龙生,杨家威,等.饲料中添加β-蜕皮激素对罗氏沼虾生长性能的影响[J].饲料与畜牧:新饲料,2014(8):16-18.
[20]陈晨,黄峰,舒秋艳,等.共轭亚油酸对草鱼生长、肌肉成分、谷草转氨酶及谷丙转氨酶活性的影响[J].水生生物学报,2010,34(3):647-651.
[21] Zhou S W, Zou S X, Jiang Y M, et al. Animal Biochemistry(Thirdedition)[M].China Agriculture Press,2003:156-175.
[22]邓君明.动植物蛋白源对牙鲆摄食、生长和蛋白质及脂肪代谢的影响[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2006:36-37.
[23] Ogoyi D O, Osir E O, Olembo N K, et al. ComparativeBiochemistry and Physiology-Part B:Biochemistry and MolecularBiology[J].Pergamon Press,2009,71(5):1-2.
[24]孙曼曼,胡敬环,张凤英,等.蟹类生长发育相关激素研究进展[J].渔业信息与战略,2015,30(4):272-279.
[25]严安生,熊传喜.鳜鱼含肉率及鱼肉营养价值的研究[J].华中农业大学学报,1995(1):80-84.
[26]艾明艳,胡筱波,熊善柏,等.框鳞镜鲤肌肉主要营养成分测定评价[J].营养学报,2011,33(1):87-89.
[27]洛桑,布多,旦增,等.3种淡水鱼肌肉脂质的组成及营养评价[J].淡水渔业,2009,39(6):74-76.
[28]中国预防医学科学院营养与食品卫生研究所.食物成分表(全国代表值)[M].人民卫生出版社,1991.