自我感知与创业活动关系研究——来自QCA方法的证据
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摘要
自我感知是创业活动的重要驱动因素,已有研究较少分析自我感知的不同组合对于创业活动的作用。基于组态的视角,使用模糊定性比较分析(fsQCA)探索效率驱动型国家创业活动的前因条件,关注机会感知、能力感知、失败恐惧和认识创业者4个自我感知因素。研究发现效率驱动型国家创业活动的前因条件可划分为机会主导型、社会关系主导型和内外部配合型三个类型。
Self-perception is an important driving factor of entrepreneurial activities. Existing research have seldom analyzed the effects of different combinations of self-perception on entrepreneurship. Based on configurational perspective, this paper uses the Fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis(fsQCA) to explore the antecedents of entrepreneurial activities in efficiency-driven countries, focusing on four self-perception factors: opportunity perception, capability perception, fear of failure and knowing other entrepreneurs.Findging four causal configuration: opportunity perception and fear of failure, opportunity perception andcapability perceptioncan comprehensively explain the high level of entrepreneurial activities in efficiency-driven countries. This paper suggests that China should deepen the reform of entrepreneurship education and share the experience of failed entrepreneurs in order to improve individual entrepreneurial capability.
Self-perception is an important driving factor of entrepreneurial activities. Existing research have seldom analyzed the effects of different combinations of self-perception on entrepreneurship. Based on configurational perspective, this paper uses the Fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis(fsQCA) to explore the antecedents of entrepreneurial activities in efficiency-driven countries, focusing on four self-perception factors: opportunity perception, capability perception, fear of failure and knowing other entrepreneurs.Findging four causal configuration: opportunity perception and fear of failure, opportunity perception andcapability perceptioncan comprehensively explain the high level of entrepreneurial activities in efficiency-driven countries. This paper suggests that China should deepen the reform of entrepreneurship education and share the experience of failed entrepreneurs in order to improve individual entrepreneurial capability.
引文
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[2] UCBASARAN D,SHEPHERD D A,LOCKETT A,et.Life after business failure the process and consequences of bbusinessfailure for eentrepreneurs[J].Journal ofManagement,2013,39(1):163-202.
[3] FORLANI D,MULLINS J W.Perceived risk and choices in entrepreneurs’ new venture decisions[J].Journal of Business Venturing,2000,15(4):305-322.
[4] CHEN C C,GREENE P G,CRICK A.Does entrepreneurial self-efficacy distinguish entrepreneurs from managers?[J].Journal of Business Venturing,1998,13(4):295-316.
[5] ARENIUSP,MINNITI M.Perceptual variables and nascent entrepreneurship[J].Small Business Economics,2005,24(3):233-247.
[6] 张驰,郑晓杰,王凤彬.定性比较分析法在管理学构型研究中的应用:述评与展望[J].外国经济与管理,2017,39(4):68-83.
[7] CODURASA,CLEMENTE,JOSé ANTONIO,et al.A novel application of fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis to GEM data[J].Journal of Business Research,2015,69(4):1265-1270.
[8] BEYNON M J,JONES P,PICKERNELL D.Country-based comparison analysis using fsqca investigating entrepreneurial attitudes and activity[J].Journal of Business Research,2016,69(4):1271-1276.
[9] ACS Z J,HESSELS D J.special issue:entrepreneurship,economic development and institutions entrepreneurship,economic development and institutions[J].Small Business Economics,2008,31(3):219-234.
[10] 张秀娥,赵敏慧.创新创业在效率驱动与创新驱动经济体中的作用分析——基于GEM数据分析[J].华东经济管理,2017,31(2):36-42.
[11] WENNEKERSS,ANDRé VAN STEL,REYNOLDS T P.Special issue on:causes and effects of new business creation;empirical evidence from the global entrepreneurship monitor (gem) nascent entrepreneurship and the level of economic development[J].Small Business Economics,2005,24(3):293-309.
[12] KRUEGER N F,REILLY M D,CARSRUD A L.Competing models of entrepreneurial intentions[J].Journal of Business Venturing,2000,15(5-6):411-432.
[13] MüHLB?CK,MONIKA,WARMUTH J R,HOLIENKA M,et al.Desperate Entrepreneurs:No Opportunities,No Skills[J].International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal,2017(14):975-997.
[14] FISS P C.A set-theoretic approach to organizational configurations[J].Academy of Management Review,2007,32(4):1180-1198.
[15] CACCIOTTIG,HAYTON J C,MITCHELL R,et al.A reconceptualization of fear of failure in entrepreneurship[J].Journal of Business Venturing,2016,31(3):302-325.
[16] TSAI K H,CHANG H C,PENG C Y.Refining the linkage between perceived capability and entrepreneurial intention:roles of perceived opportunity,fear of failure,and gender[J].International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal,2016(12):1127-1145.
[17] AUKEN H V,FRY F L,STEPHENS P.The influence of role models on entrepreneurial intentions[J].Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship,2008,11(2):157-167.
[18] FERRETO E,LAFUENTE E,LEIVA J C.Can entrepreneurial role models alleviate the fear of entrepreneurial failure?[J].internation journal business environment,2018,10 (2):160-173.
[19] 周楷.中国公民海外创业现状分析——以印度尼西亚为例[J].经营与管理,2017(3):9-12.
[20] 吉香伊.印度尼西亚工业化的进程和发展策略[J].东南亚纵横,2017(3):24-28.
[21] 于晓宇,陶向明,李雅洁.见微知著.失败学习、机会识别与新产品开发绩效[J].管理工程学报,2019,33(1):51-59.
[22] RAGIN C C.Redesigning social inquiry:fuzzy sets and beyond[J].Chicago:University of Chicago Press.2008.