益生菌对凡纳滨对虾免疫功能及肠道菌群的影响
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摘要
以类芽孢杆菌和双歧杆菌为益生菌,添加到凡纳滨对虾(平均体质量3.45g)的饲料中,饲养28d(水温25~27℃,盐度25~26,pH 7.8~8.1,溶解氧>6mg/L),采用南京建成试剂盒和变性梯度凝胶电泳技术,研究益生菌对凡纳滨对虾免疫功能及肠道菌群的影响。结果表明,益生菌能够显著提高对虾血清过氧化物酶(对照组43.22U/mL,试验组76.33U/mL)、超氧化物歧化酶(对照组60.61U/mL,试验组101.18U/mL)、一氧化氮合酶(对照组7.54U/mL,试验组12.44U/mL)、酸性磷酸酶(对照组0.0446U/mL,试验组0.0574U/mL)和碱性磷酸酶(对照组0.0183U/mL,试验组0.0236U/mL)的活性(P<0.01),明显改善对虾肠道的菌群组成,从而提高对虾抵抗疾病的能力。
In this paper,bacillus and bifidobacteria were added to the feed of Pacific white leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei(average body weight of 3.45g),and fed for 4weeks,and the effects of probiotics on immunologic functions and intestinal microflora of L.vannamei was studied by Nanjing Jiancheng kit and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis(DGGE)technology.The results showed that probiotics led to increase activities of peroxidase(control group,43.22U/mL;experimental group,76.33U/mL),superoxide dismutase(control group,60.61U/mL;experimental group,101.18U/mL),nitric oxide synthase(control group,7.54 U/mL;experimental group,12.44 U/mL),acid phosphatase(control group,0.0446U/mL;experimental group,0.0574U/mL)and alkaline phosphatase(control group,0.0183U/mL;experimental group,0.0236U/mL)in Pacific white leg shrimp,obviously improved intestinal bacterial group composition of the shrimp,and the ability of shrimp to resist disease.
In this paper,bacillus and bifidobacteria were added to the feed of Pacific white leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei(average body weight of 3.45g),and fed for 4weeks,and the effects of probiotics on immunologic functions and intestinal microflora of L.vannamei was studied by Nanjing Jiancheng kit and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis(DGGE)technology.The results showed that probiotics led to increase activities of peroxidase(control group,43.22U/mL;experimental group,76.33U/mL),superoxide dismutase(control group,60.61U/mL;experimental group,101.18U/mL),nitric oxide synthase(control group,7.54 U/mL;experimental group,12.44 U/mL),acid phosphatase(control group,0.0446U/mL;experimental group,0.0574U/mL)and alkaline phosphatase(control group,0.0183U/mL;experimental group,0.0236U/mL)in Pacific white leg shrimp,obviously improved intestinal bacterial group composition of the shrimp,and the ability of shrimp to resist disease.
引文
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[10]胡毅,谭北平,麦康森,等.饲料中益生菌对凡纳滨对虾生长、肠道菌群及部分免疫指标的影响[J].中国水产科学,2008,15(2):244-251.
[11]刘迪,董晓慧,谭北平,等.嗜酸乳杆菌对凡纳滨对虾生长、免疫力和抗病力的影响[J].水产科学,2016,35(1):37-42.
[12]郑晓婷,段亚飞,董宏标,等.植物乳酸杆菌对凡纳滨对虾生长、消化酶活性和肠道组织形态的影响[J].水产科学,2016,35(1):1-6.
[13]隋大鹏.微生态制剂对南美白对虾生长和非特异性免疫因子影响的研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2003,44-68.
[14]温俊,孙鸣,孙冬岩.合生素对南美白对虾肠道菌群和免疫机能的影响[J].饲料研究,2008(10):53-55.
[15]郝凯.南美白对虾专用益生菌研究[D].西安:西北农林科技大学,2013.
[16]王亭芳,金风杰,马士禹,等.DGGE技术对南美白对虾养殖水体中微生物多样性的研究[J].生物技术通报,2012,28(10):131-136.
[17]于明超,李卓佳,林黑着,等.饲料中添加芽孢杆菌和中草药制剂对凡纳滨对虾生长及肠道菌群的影响[J].热带海洋学报,2010,29(4):132-137.
[18]张盛静,赵小金,宋晓玲,等.饲料添加益生菌对凡纳滨对虾肠道菌群、Toll受体及溶菌酶基因表达及抗感染的影响[J].中国水产科学,2016,23(4):846-854.
[2]Thompson F L,Abreu P C,Cavalli R.The use of microorganisms as food source for Penaeus paulensis larvae[J].Aquaculture,1999,174(1/2):139-153.
[3]Gomez-Gil B,Roque A,Turnbull J F.The use and selection of probiotic bacteria for use in the culture of larval aquatic organisms[J].Aquaculture,2000,191(1/3):259-270.
[4]Ziaei-Nejad S,Habibi Rezaei M,Takami G A,et al.The effect of Bacillus spp.bacteria used as probiotics on digestive enzyme activity,survival and growth in the Indian white shrimp Fenneropenaeus indicus[J].Aquaculture,2006,252(2/4):516-524.
[5]Rengpipat S,Rukpratanporn S,Piyatiratitivorakul S,et al.Immunity enhancement on black tiger shrimp(Penaeus monodon)by aprobiont bacterium(Bacillus S11)[J].Aquaculture,2000,191(4):271-288.
[6]Ochoa-Solano J L,Olmos-Soto J.The functional property of Bacillus for shrimp feeds[J].Food Microbiol,2006,23(6):519-525.
[7]刘淮德,王雷,王宝杰,等.应用PCR-DGGE分析南美白对虾肠道微生物多样性[J].饲料工业,2008,29(20):55-58.
[8]吴雅琨,杨欣,陈丽仙,等.罗非鱼肠道益生菌的筛选、鉴定及其抑菌性能研究[J].水产科学,2011,30(10):613-618.
[9]关晓燕,李丽丽,董颖,等.一株芽孢杆菌的分离、鉴定及其对仿刺参免疫的影响[J].水产科学,2015,34(9):565-570.
[10]胡毅,谭北平,麦康森,等.饲料中益生菌对凡纳滨对虾生长、肠道菌群及部分免疫指标的影响[J].中国水产科学,2008,15(2):244-251.
[11]刘迪,董晓慧,谭北平,等.嗜酸乳杆菌对凡纳滨对虾生长、免疫力和抗病力的影响[J].水产科学,2016,35(1):37-42.
[12]郑晓婷,段亚飞,董宏标,等.植物乳酸杆菌对凡纳滨对虾生长、消化酶活性和肠道组织形态的影响[J].水产科学,2016,35(1):1-6.
[13]隋大鹏.微生态制剂对南美白对虾生长和非特异性免疫因子影响的研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2003,44-68.
[14]温俊,孙鸣,孙冬岩.合生素对南美白对虾肠道菌群和免疫机能的影响[J].饲料研究,2008(10):53-55.
[15]郝凯.南美白对虾专用益生菌研究[D].西安:西北农林科技大学,2013.
[16]王亭芳,金风杰,马士禹,等.DGGE技术对南美白对虾养殖水体中微生物多样性的研究[J].生物技术通报,2012,28(10):131-136.
[17]于明超,李卓佳,林黑着,等.饲料中添加芽孢杆菌和中草药制剂对凡纳滨对虾生长及肠道菌群的影响[J].热带海洋学报,2010,29(4):132-137.
[18]张盛静,赵小金,宋晓玲,等.饲料添加益生菌对凡纳滨对虾肠道菌群、Toll受体及溶菌酶基因表达及抗感染的影响[J].中国水产科学,2016,23(4):846-854.