基于MeteoGIS的广西早稻高温热害精细化区划
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摘要
利用广西89个气象站1961-2016年气象观测资料和广西1∶5万基础地理信息数据,采用MeteoGIS技术和气候资源细网格模拟分析方法,结合广西早稻实际生产情况,建立了广西早稻高温热害的空间模拟分析模型,运用反距离权重插值法对高温热害区划指标因子进行100 m×100 m细网格模拟推算和残差订正,并综合考虑高温热害区划指标等级,对广西早稻高温热害发生分布进行了精细化区划.将广西早稻区分为基本无高温热害区、轻度高温热害区、中度高温热害区、较重高温热害区和严重高温热害区5个区域,分区结果符合广西早稻高温热害实际情况,为水稻生产的趋利避害、优化布局和科学防灾减灾提供科学依据.
In order to provide scientific evidences for optimizing rice cultivation structure and preventing and mitigating disaster-caused losses, a spatial analyzing model of high temperature heat injury of early rice in Guangxi was established, using the technology of MeteoGIS and fine-grid simulation of climate resources, based on the meteorological data of 89 meteorological observatories in Guangxi during 1961-2016 and the Guangxi fundamental geographic data on the scale of 1∶50 000. The method of inverse distance weighting was used to calculate the index factors of heat injury and revise their residual differences by 100 m×100 m fine grids. Taking into consideration the results and the indicator system of high temperature heat injury, a fine regionalization of the distribution of the heat injury of early rice in Guangxi was made, in which five zones were identified: none-disaster zone, light disaster zone, moderate disaster zone, heavy disaster zone and serious heavy disaster zone. The above results were well consistent with the actual situations in early rice-growing regions in Guangxi.
In order to provide scientific evidences for optimizing rice cultivation structure and preventing and mitigating disaster-caused losses, a spatial analyzing model of high temperature heat injury of early rice in Guangxi was established, using the technology of MeteoGIS and fine-grid simulation of climate resources, based on the meteorological data of 89 meteorological observatories in Guangxi during 1961-2016 and the Guangxi fundamental geographic data on the scale of 1∶50 000. The method of inverse distance weighting was used to calculate the index factors of heat injury and revise their residual differences by 100 m×100 m fine grids. Taking into consideration the results and the indicator system of high temperature heat injury, a fine regionalization of the distribution of the heat injury of early rice in Guangxi was made, in which five zones were identified: none-disaster zone, light disaster zone, moderate disaster zone, heavy disaster zone and serious heavy disaster zone. The above results were well consistent with the actual situations in early rice-growing regions in Guangxi.
引文
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[9] 段晓凤,官景得,赵兔祥,等.基于GIS的县级精细化气候适宜性区划及灾害风险区划 [J].中国农学通报,2016,32(10):125-131.
[10] 何燕,李政,钟仕全,等.广西水稻低温冷害空间分析模型构建及其区划 [J].地理研究,2010,29(6):1037-1044.
[11] 张丽娟,陈红,高玉宏,等.黑龙江省大风分布特征及风险区划研究 [J].地理科学进展,2011,30(7):899-905.
[12] 孙懿慧,贺立源.基于GIS的湖北省水稻生产潜力研究 [J].长江流域资源与环境,2012,10(10):1209-1215.
[13] 冯玉敏,祝必琴,雷俊,等.南昌高温逼熟发生规律及其对早稻产量的影响 [J].中国农业气象,2014,35(3):287-292.
[14] 于堃,宋静,高苹.江苏水稻高温热害的发生规律与特征 [J].气象科学,2010,30(4):530-533.
[15] 汤日盛,郑建初,张大栋,等.高温对不同水稻品种花粉活力及籽粒结实的影响 [J].江苏农业学报,2006,22(4):369-373.
[16] 广西壮族自治区气候中心.广西气候 [M].北京:气象出版社,2007.
[17] 宋忠华,庞冰,刘厚敖,等.灌水深度对杂交稻生产中高温危害的缓解效果初探 [J].杂交水稻,2006,21(2):72-73.
[18] 郑家国,任光俊,陆闲军,等.花后水分亏缺对水稻产量和品质的影响 [J].中国水稻科学,2003,17(3):239-243.
[19] 江敏,金之庆,石春林,等.长江中下游地区水稻孕穗开花期高温发生规律及其对产量的影响 [J].生态学杂志,2010,29(4):649-656.
[2] 覃卫坚,李耀.2010年广西高温热浪气象灾害成因分析 [J].气象研究与应用,32(4):13-16.
[3] YANG J C,CAO Y Y,ZHANG H,et al.Involvement of Polyamines in the Post-an Thesis Development of Inferior and Superior Spikelet in Rice [J].Planta,2008,228(1):137-149.
[4] MATSUI T,OMASA K,HORIE T.Comparison Between Anthers of Two Rice(Oryza sativa L.) Cultivars with Tolerance to High Temperatures at Flowering or Susceptibility [J].Plant Prod Sci,2001(4):36-40.
[5] 何永坤,范莉,阳园燕.近50年来四川盆地东部水稻高温热害发生规律研究 [J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2011,33(12):39-43.
[6] 杨桂菊,石伟伟,邹伟.气象GIS中的气象时态数据模型的设计 [J].测绘与空间地理信息,2014,37(5):111-113.
[7] 李亚春,黄文杰,谢志清,等.江苏省海安县优质水稻精细化气候区划研究 [J].江苏农业科学,2012,40(2):271-274.
[8] 周见,郝成元,吴文祥.基于GIS的黑龙江省水稻低温灾害风险等级区划 [J].地域研究与开发,2014,33(1):109-112.
[9] 段晓凤,官景得,赵兔祥,等.基于GIS的县级精细化气候适宜性区划及灾害风险区划 [J].中国农学通报,2016,32(10):125-131.
[10] 何燕,李政,钟仕全,等.广西水稻低温冷害空间分析模型构建及其区划 [J].地理研究,2010,29(6):1037-1044.
[11] 张丽娟,陈红,高玉宏,等.黑龙江省大风分布特征及风险区划研究 [J].地理科学进展,2011,30(7):899-905.
[12] 孙懿慧,贺立源.基于GIS的湖北省水稻生产潜力研究 [J].长江流域资源与环境,2012,10(10):1209-1215.
[13] 冯玉敏,祝必琴,雷俊,等.南昌高温逼熟发生规律及其对早稻产量的影响 [J].中国农业气象,2014,35(3):287-292.
[14] 于堃,宋静,高苹.江苏水稻高温热害的发生规律与特征 [J].气象科学,2010,30(4):530-533.
[15] 汤日盛,郑建初,张大栋,等.高温对不同水稻品种花粉活力及籽粒结实的影响 [J].江苏农业学报,2006,22(4):369-373.
[16] 广西壮族自治区气候中心.广西气候 [M].北京:气象出版社,2007.
[17] 宋忠华,庞冰,刘厚敖,等.灌水深度对杂交稻生产中高温危害的缓解效果初探 [J].杂交水稻,2006,21(2):72-73.
[18] 郑家国,任光俊,陆闲军,等.花后水分亏缺对水稻产量和品质的影响 [J].中国水稻科学,2003,17(3):239-243.
[19] 江敏,金之庆,石春林,等.长江中下游地区水稻孕穗开花期高温发生规律及其对产量的影响 [J].生态学杂志,2010,29(4):649-656.