盐诱导超累积植物内生菌Bacillus sp.L14对季铵盐化合物的抗性
摘要
随着人类活动,尤其是工业生产的发展,季铵盐(QACs)污染变得日益严重。季铵盐是一类典型的环境污染物,具有致癌、致畸等危害,因而对人类健康和自然环境造成了极大威胁。近年来,电处理、超声处理、有机溶剂或抗生素处理等方式是均能实现对季铵盐的处理。但这些方法治理费用高、效率低下、需要大量劳动力、且处理过程缺乏选择性。生物修复技术是指利用动植物和微生物等生物的某些特性来改良季铵盐污染的措施,相比于物理化学法,其具有明显的安全性和经济性的优势,因此成为季铵盐污染修复的潜在技术之一。然而,现阶段制约生物修复这一技术进行实际应用的关键在于如何高效、快速地从自然界中筛选得到具有潜在修复作用的季铵盐抗性菌株。从镉超富集植物龙葵(Solanum nigrum L.)中分离到一株多金属抗性内生细菌L14(EB L14)对季铵化合物进行生物降解。16S r DNA分析表明,该内生菌属于芽孢杆菌属。该内生菌经过不同类型的盐(Na Cl、KCl、MgCl2、Ca Cl2)浓度诱导之后,发现随着盐浓度的增加,其对BACs(C12BD-MA-Cl/C14BDMA-Cl)的抗性也在增加。机理研究表明,细胞在高盐浓度下会发生失水现象,致使细胞收缩,膜孔变小,BACs不容易通过膜孔进入细胞内部,从而减轻了对细胞的破坏。
引文
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[2]Guo H,Luo S,Chen L,et al. Bioremediation of heavymetals by growing hyperaccumulaor endophytic bacteri-um Bacillus sp. L14. Bioresource Technology,2010,101(22):8599-8605.
[3]Xiao X,Luo S L,Zeng G M,et al. Biosorption of cad-mium by endophytic fungus(EF)Microsphaeropsis sp.LSE10 isolated from cadmium hyperaccumulator Sola-num nigrum L. Bioresource Technology,2010,101(6):1668-1674.
[4]段小梅.我国城市可持续发展中的环境问题.城市问题,2002,2(2):48-52.
[5]王如松.论复合生态系统与生态示范区.科技导报,2000,(6):6-9.
[6]Polder A,Savinova T N,Tkachev A,et al. Levels andpatterns of Persistent Organic Pollutants(POPS)in se-lected food items from Northwest Russia(1998-2002)and implications for dietary exposure. Science of theTotal Environment,408(22):53,52-61.
[7]Linares V,Perello G,Nadal M,et al. Environmentalversus dietary exposure to POPs and metals:a probabi-listic assessment of human health risks. Journal of En-vironmental Monitoring,12(3):681-8.
[8]Ericson Jogsten I,Hagberg J,Lindstrom G,et al. Anal-ysis of POPs in human samples reveal a contribution ofbrominated dioxin of up to 15%of the total dioxinTEQ. Chemosphere,78(2):113-20.
[9]Mira S,Gonzalez-Benito M E,Hill L M,et al. Char-acterization of volatile production during storage of let-tuce(Lactuca sativa)seed. Journal of Experimental Bot-any,61(14):3915-24.
[10]Cabral J P. Can we use indoor fungi as bioindicatorsof indoor air quality Historical perspectives and openquestions. Science of the Total Environment,408(20):4285-95.
[11]Barac T,Taghavi S,Borremans B,et al. Engineeredendophytic bacteria improve phytoremediation of water-soluble,volatile,organic pollutants. Nature Biotech-nology,2004,22(5):583-8.
[12]陈志良,罗军,王成刚,等.土壤有机农药污染的降解机理与生物修复技术.环境污染治理技术与设备,2003,8(4):73-77.
[13]卢桂宁,陶雪琴,杨琛,等.土壤中有机农药的自然降解行为.土壤,2006,38(2):130-135.
[14]张伟,张忠明,王进军,等.有机农药污染的植物修复研究进展.农药,2007,46(4):217-222.
[15]孙景生,康绍忠.我国水资源利用现状与节水灌溉发展对策[J].农业工程学报,2000,16(2):1-5.
[16]王浩.我国水资源合理配置的现状和未来[J].水利水电技术,2006,37(2):7-14.
[17]褚福鑫,白志强,朱红惠.微生物中抗耐药菌活性天然产物的研究进展[J].天然产物研究与开发,2015,27(8):1466-1482.
[18]于文蕴,杜柏林.抗生素人类现代医学的灾难在畜牧业应用的历史现状及未来展望[C].中国畜牧兽医学会动物传染病学分会教学专业委员会. 2012.
[19]张清艳,姚海峰,盛楠.抗生素过度使用成因分析[J].中国社区医师:医学专业半月刊,2009,11(24):3-3.
[20]李朝霞.抗生素的过量使用与细菌耐药性关系分析[J].世界最新医学信息文摘:电子版,2014(13):147-148.
[21]Berthelsen P,Beltoft V,Thorup I,Sborg I,NielsenE. Toxicological Evaluation and Limit Values for 2-Ethylhexyl Acrylate,Propylene Carbonate,QuaternaryAmmonium Compounds,Triglycidyl Isocyanurate andTripropyleneglycol Diacrylate. Danish:EnvironmentalProtection Agency,2000. 53.
[22]向垒(Xiang L),郑美洁(Zheng M J),王雄科(Wang X K),李彦文(Li Y W).季铵盐类化合物环境问题研究进展.分析化学(Chinese Journal of Ana-lytical Chemistry),2014,10:1459.