父母与同伴因素对青少年槟榔嚼食行为的影响
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摘要
目的:探讨父母与同伴因素对青少年槟榔嚼食行为的影响机制。方法:采用问卷法对1150名湘潭市中小学生的槟榔嚼食行为、父母和同伴的嚼食行为与态度、嚼食结果预期、拒嚼效能感进行调查。结果:(1)"现在嚼食者"占总人数的39.8%;男生中"现在嚼食者"比率高于女生(54.8%vs. 26.2%);从小学→初中→高中,"现在嚼食者"比率上升(31.8%vs. 40.8%vs. 49.7%);(2)父母、同伴的嚼食行为及态度对上月槟榔嚼食量均有正向预测效应,嚼食结果预期、拒嚼效能感在其间起完全中介作用;(3)同伴的嚼食行为及态度对相关变量的预测作用均超过父母的嚼食行为与态度的影响,但差异均不显著。结论:父母与同伴因素通过提升嚼食结果预期和降低拒嚼效能感进而对青少年槟榔嚼食行为产生影响。
Objective: To explore the effect of parental and peers' factors on areca quid chewing behavior in primary and middle school students. Methods: A sample of 1150 adolescents was recruited from two primary schools and two middle schools in Xiangtan to report their areca quid chewing behavior, areca quid outcome expectancy, areca quid refusal selfefficacy, and parental and peers' areca quid use and attitudes. Results: ①39.8% of the surveyed students chewed areca quid last month, with the chewing prevalence varying from boys(54.8%) to girls(26.2%), and from elementary school students(31.8%) to junior high school students(40.8%) to senior high school students(49.7%). ②After controlling for gender and age, parental and peers' areca quid use and attitudes positively predicted the adolescents' use of areca quid fully via both outcome expectancies and refusal self-efficacy.③The coefficient of peers' areca quid use and attitudes on adolescents' use of areca quid, outcome expectancies and refusal self-efficacy were not significantly different from those of parents. Conclusion: The effect of parental and peer factors on adolescent areca quid chewing behavior are fully mediated by areca quid outcome expectancy and refusal self-efficacy.
Objective: To explore the effect of parental and peers' factors on areca quid chewing behavior in primary and middle school students. Methods: A sample of 1150 adolescents was recruited from two primary schools and two middle schools in Xiangtan to report their areca quid chewing behavior, areca quid outcome expectancy, areca quid refusal selfefficacy, and parental and peers' areca quid use and attitudes. Results: ①39.8% of the surveyed students chewed areca quid last month, with the chewing prevalence varying from boys(54.8%) to girls(26.2%), and from elementary school students(31.8%) to junior high school students(40.8%) to senior high school students(49.7%). ②After controlling for gender and age, parental and peers' areca quid use and attitudes positively predicted the adolescents' use of areca quid fully via both outcome expectancies and refusal self-efficacy.③The coefficient of peers' areca quid use and attitudes on adolescents' use of areca quid, outcome expectancies and refusal self-efficacy were not significantly different from those of parents. Conclusion: The effect of parental and peer factors on adolescent areca quid chewing behavior are fully mediated by areca quid outcome expectancy and refusal self-efficacy.
引文
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2李习雄,胡冠英,张三印.槟榔毒性机制的研究进展.中国实验方剂学杂志,2015,21(19):212-216
3 Khandelwal A,Khandelwal V,Saha MK,et al.Prevalence of areca nut chewing in the middle school-going children of Indore,India.Contemporary clinical dentistry,2012,3(2):155-157
4彭海燕.湖南省娄底市城区中小学生嚼槟榔及口腔粘膜下纤维性变发病情况的流行病学调查.中南大学硕士论文,2008
5 Li SM,Yu SRL,Hu HC,et al.Areca quid chewing by Taiwanese adolescents:application of the Attitudes Social Influence Self-efficacy(ASE)model.Addiction,2003,98:1723-1729
6林丹华,方晓义,李晓铭.环境和个体因素与青少年吸烟行为的发生.心理科学,2008,31(2):304-306
7林丹华,杨阿丽,王芳,等.工读学校学生的物质滥用行为及其关键影响因素分析.心理发展与教育,2009,4:101-108
8 Vries HD,Mudde AN,Dijkstra A,et al.Differential beliefs,perceived Social influences and self-efficacy expectations among smokers in various motivational phases.Preventive Medicine,1998,27:681-689
9 Harris JR.Where is the child’s environment?A group socialization theory of development.Psychological Review,1995,102(3):458-489
10方晓义,郑宇,林丹华.家庭诸因素与初中生吸烟行为的关系.心理学报,2001,33(3):240-250
11林丹华,范兴华,潘瑾.环境和个体因素与青少年饮酒行为的关系.心理发展与教育,2010,26(3):288-294
12 Chang CH,Ko HC,Wu JY,et al.Social cognitive determinants of betel quid chewing among college students in southern Taiwan:A revised Attitudes-Social Influence-Efficacy Model.Addictive Behaviors,2007,32:2345-2350
13 Stacy AW,Sussman S,Dent CW,et al.Moderators of peer social influence in adolescent smoking.Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,1992,18(2):163-172
2李习雄,胡冠英,张三印.槟榔毒性机制的研究进展.中国实验方剂学杂志,2015,21(19):212-216
3 Khandelwal A,Khandelwal V,Saha MK,et al.Prevalence of areca nut chewing in the middle school-going children of Indore,India.Contemporary clinical dentistry,2012,3(2):155-157
4彭海燕.湖南省娄底市城区中小学生嚼槟榔及口腔粘膜下纤维性变发病情况的流行病学调查.中南大学硕士论文,2008
5 Li SM,Yu SRL,Hu HC,et al.Areca quid chewing by Taiwanese adolescents:application of the Attitudes Social Influence Self-efficacy(ASE)model.Addiction,2003,98:1723-1729
6林丹华,方晓义,李晓铭.环境和个体因素与青少年吸烟行为的发生.心理科学,2008,31(2):304-306
7林丹华,杨阿丽,王芳,等.工读学校学生的物质滥用行为及其关键影响因素分析.心理发展与教育,2009,4:101-108
8 Vries HD,Mudde AN,Dijkstra A,et al.Differential beliefs,perceived Social influences and self-efficacy expectations among smokers in various motivational phases.Preventive Medicine,1998,27:681-689
9 Harris JR.Where is the child’s environment?A group socialization theory of development.Psychological Review,1995,102(3):458-489
10方晓义,郑宇,林丹华.家庭诸因素与初中生吸烟行为的关系.心理学报,2001,33(3):240-250
11林丹华,范兴华,潘瑾.环境和个体因素与青少年饮酒行为的关系.心理发展与教育,2010,26(3):288-294
12 Chang CH,Ko HC,Wu JY,et al.Social cognitive determinants of betel quid chewing among college students in southern Taiwan:A revised Attitudes-Social Influence-Efficacy Model.Addictive Behaviors,2007,32:2345-2350
13 Stacy AW,Sussman S,Dent CW,et al.Moderators of peer social influence in adolescent smoking.Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,1992,18(2):163-172