铝合金表面化学转化技术的研究进展
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摘要
随着环保要求的不断提高,传统的含铬化学转化膜已不能满足工业生产的要求,开发新型无铬环保的铝合金转化处理技术,已成为研究热点。研究表明,以新型无机盐和稀土为成膜物质的化学转化膜具有优良的表面防护能力。综述了当前新型化学转化技术的研究现状,介绍了无机和稀土转化膜的研究进展,分析了转化膜的性能特点,指出了当前化学转化处理技术存在的问题,展望了化学转化技术的发展趋势,明确了无机盐及稀土的用量对转化膜性能的影响、转化液中辅助物质对转化膜的影响是今后研究的方向。
With the continuous improvement of the provisions of relevant environmental protection laws,the traditional chemical conversion coating containing chromium can no longer meet the requirements of industrial production. The development of new chrome-free and environmentally friendly aluminum alloy transformation technology has become a research focus. The research shows that chemical conversion film with new inorganic salts and rare earth as film forming material has excellent surface protection ability. In this paper,the current research status of new chemical conversion technology was summarized and the research progress of inorganic and rare earth conversion coatings was introduced.And meantime the performance characteristics of the conversion film were analyzed. Besides,the existing problems in the current chemical conversion treatment technology were pointed out and the development trend of chemical conversion technology was prospected. The influence of the amount of inorganic salts and rare earth on the properties of the conversion coating and the influence of auxiliary substances on the conversion coating in the conversion solution would be the research directions in the future.
With the continuous improvement of the provisions of relevant environmental protection laws,the traditional chemical conversion coating containing chromium can no longer meet the requirements of industrial production. The development of new chrome-free and environmentally friendly aluminum alloy transformation technology has become a research focus. The research shows that chemical conversion film with new inorganic salts and rare earth as film forming material has excellent surface protection ability. In this paper,the current research status of new chemical conversion technology was summarized and the research progress of inorganic and rare earth conversion coatings was introduced.And meantime the performance characteristics of the conversion film were analyzed. Besides,the existing problems in the current chemical conversion treatment technology were pointed out and the development trend of chemical conversion technology was prospected. The influence of the amount of inorganic salts and rare earth on the properties of the conversion coating and the influence of auxiliary substances on the conversion coating in the conversion solution would be the research directions in the future.
引文
[1]孔小东,胡会娥,苏小红.金属腐蚀与防护导论[M].北京:科学出版社,2016:238-239.
[2]于元春,李宁,胡会利.无铬钝化与三价铬钝化的研究进展[J].表面技术,2005,34(5):6-9.
[3] CARREIRA A F,PEREIRA A M,VAZ E P,et al. Alternative corrosion protection pretreatments for aluminum alloys[J]. Journal of Coatings Technology&Research,2017(9):1-14.
[4] HAMDY A S.Corrosion protection of aluminum composites by silicate/cerate conversion coating[J]. Surface and Coatings Technology,2006,200(12/13):3 786-3 792.
[5]兰力强,郭瑞光. AZ31B型镁合金表面钛盐化学转化膜[J].腐蚀与防护,2011,32(9):687-690.
[6]刘传梅.铝合金表面锆钛-有机膦酸盐复合膜的性能[D].沈阳:东北大学,2015:14-15.
[7]李庆鹏,许茜,晏智强,等. 2024铝合金表面无铬钛锆转化膜的制备与性能[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2016,28(5):475-479.
[8]吕勇武,熊金平,沈磊,等.铝合金表面无铬化学转化膜工艺研究[J].电镀与涂饰,2007,26(12):25-28.
[9]陈泽民,宋勇朝,程志民.铝材表面制备钼锰钛系化学转化膜的研究[J].电镀与涂饰,2014,34(8):454-457.
[10]陈泽民,宋勇朝,程志民.铝材表面制备钼锰钛系化学转化膜的影响因素分析[J].电镀与环保,2016,36(3):42-44.
[11]黄啸竹,刘庆芬,张超,等.铝合金锰(Ⅶ)%钛(Ⅳ)系无铬化学转化成膜工艺[J].过程工程学报,2014,14(5):860-866.
[12] MEHTA A. Biomarkers of fluoride exposure in human body[J]. Indian Journal of Dentistry,2013,4(4):207-210.
[13]袁志鹏,冯立明,许潇雨,等.不同配位剂无氟钛盐转化膜的制备及其耐蚀性能[J].材料保护,2015,48(4):9-12.
[14] PENG D,WU J,YAN X,et al. The formation and corrosion behavior of a zirconium-based conversion coating on the aluminum alloy AA6061[J]. Journal of Coatings Technology&Research,2016,13(5):837-850.
[15] GOLRU S S,ATTAR M M,RAMEZANZADEH B. Morp Hological analysis and corrosion performance of zirconium based conversion coating on the aluminum alloy 1050[J].Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry,2015,24:233-244.
[16]李红梅,王海君.铝及铝合金制品的阳极氧化和着色机理分析[J].中国西部科技,2010,34(9):1-3.
[17]李海丰,刘青青,王万凯,等.ADC12铝合金表面锆盐黑色化学转化膜的制备及耐蚀性研究[J].山东化工,2017,46(17):19-21.
[18]陈廷益,路文,李文芳,等. AA6063铝合金Zr黑灰色转化膜及其自修复性能[J].中国腐蚀与防护学报,2015,35(2):177-182.
[19]朱继芬.离子交换树脂分离富集——分光光度法测定矿石中微量钼、银[D].沈阳:辽宁大学,2011:2.
[20] LIANG C S,LV Z F,ZHU Y L,et al.. Protection of aluminium foil AA8021 by molybdate-based conversion coatings[J]. Applied Surface Science,2014,288(2):497-502.
[21] DU S G,YAN J,CUI H P,et al. Preparation of molybdate conversion coatings on the anodizing surface of aluminum alloy[J]. Key Engineering Material,2008,368-372:1 287-1 290.
[22]刘淑红,兰喜杰.铝合金表面镍钼二元化学转化膜的制备及其耐腐蚀性[J].大连交通大学学报,2014,35(6):85-88.
[23]穆松林,张明康,李文芳,等. 6063铝合金碱性钼酸盐化学转化工艺及膜层性能[J].电镀与涂饰,2016,35(24):1 301-1 306.
[24]韩奎,毛协民,欧阳志英,等.稀土元素在铸铝熔体除气净化过程中的行为[J].特种铸造及有色合金,2004(2):61-62.
[25] LI H L. Orthogonal optimumization of technological parameters for preparation of lanthanum conversion film on 6061aluminum alloy[J]. Corrosion&Protection,2013,34(10):933-936.
[26] PENG T L,MAN R L. Rare earth and silane as chromate replacers for corrosion protection on galvanized steel[J]. Journal of Rare Earths,2009,27(1):159-163.
[27] HINDER S J,GRILLI R,RUSTAME M,et al. A surface analytical investigation of cerium-based conversion coatings deposited onto an AA2024-T3 aluminium alloy cladding layer[J]. Surface&Interface Analysis,2015,46(10/11):735-773.
[28]雷越,汤宏伟,张圣麟.6061铝合金上硅烷膜的制备与性能[J].腐蚀与防护,2014,35(1):64-68.
[29] GU B S. Effect of H2O2on formation process of cerium(III)conversion film on aluminum alloys by EIS[J]. Corrosion Science&Protection Technology,2011,23(2):143-146.
[30]林德源,李一,陈云翔,等.稀土在铝合金防腐中的应用[J].稀土,2016,37(6):121-127.
[31] GAO T Z,LI J Q. Influence of oxidant KMn O4on film—forming process of rare earth metal conversion coating on LY12 aluminum alloy[J]. Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2002,9(3):216-220.
[32] ZHANG J J,HAN D,LI W F,et al. Investigation of the CeMn conversion coating on 6063 aluminium alloy[J]. Chinese Sci Bull,2010,55(29):3 345-3 349.
[33] CHEN D C,LI W F,GONG W H,et al.Microstructure and formation mechanism of Ce-based chemical conversion coating on 6063 Al alloy[J]. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2009,19(3):592-600.
[34] DabalàM,RAMOUS E,MAGRINI M. Corrosion resistance of cerium$based chemical conversion coatings on AA5083aluminium alloy[J]. Materials&Corrosion,2015,55(5):381-386.
[35]陈思屹.ADC12铝合金上稀土钝化膜制备工艺与防腐蚀性能的研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2016:10-11,39-40,60-61.
[36] GHARABAGH R S,ROUHAGHDAM A S. Investigation of Pretreatment Effects on the Formation of Lanthanum based Conversion Coating on AA2024-T3[J]. Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces,2017(1):112-117.
[37]刘毅,王昕.铝合金表面镧转化膜工艺优化[J].机械与电子,2013,15:61.
[38] LI W G,ZHONG X F,LU Q X,et al. Molybdate Pro-teatment for Rear Earth Conversion film on LF21 Aluminum Alloy to Improve Corrosion Resistance[J]. Corrosion&Protection,2009,30(2):248-275.
[39] BRACHETTISIBAJA S B,Domínguezcrespo M A,TORRESHUERTA A M,et al. Rare Earth Conversion Coatings Grown on AA6061 Aluminum Alloys. Corrosion Studies[J].Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society,2014,58(4):393-410.
[40] KACHURINA O,METROKE TL,STESIKOVA E,et al.Comparison of single and multilayer coatings based on ormosil and conversion layers for aluminum alloy corrosion inhibition[J]. Journal of Coatings Technology,2002,74(926):43-48.
[41] HAO J,GAO Y,DONG Z. Effects of siloxane sulfide and cerium salt complex conversion film on corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion&Protection,2016,35(6):525-534.
[42] PENG S,SUN L,LIN H Q,et al. Preparation and Corrosion Performance of Silane/Ce Films on 7N01 Aluminum Alloy:Chinese Materials Conference[C]. Singapore:Springer,2017:255-267.
[43]章艳玲,李红玲,张伟.硝酸镧掺杂对6061铝合金表面硅烷膜耐蚀性能的影响[J].材料保护,2017,50(10):16-19.
[2]于元春,李宁,胡会利.无铬钝化与三价铬钝化的研究进展[J].表面技术,2005,34(5):6-9.
[3] CARREIRA A F,PEREIRA A M,VAZ E P,et al. Alternative corrosion protection pretreatments for aluminum alloys[J]. Journal of Coatings Technology&Research,2017(9):1-14.
[4] HAMDY A S.Corrosion protection of aluminum composites by silicate/cerate conversion coating[J]. Surface and Coatings Technology,2006,200(12/13):3 786-3 792.
[5]兰力强,郭瑞光. AZ31B型镁合金表面钛盐化学转化膜[J].腐蚀与防护,2011,32(9):687-690.
[6]刘传梅.铝合金表面锆钛-有机膦酸盐复合膜的性能[D].沈阳:东北大学,2015:14-15.
[7]李庆鹏,许茜,晏智强,等. 2024铝合金表面无铬钛锆转化膜的制备与性能[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2016,28(5):475-479.
[8]吕勇武,熊金平,沈磊,等.铝合金表面无铬化学转化膜工艺研究[J].电镀与涂饰,2007,26(12):25-28.
[9]陈泽民,宋勇朝,程志民.铝材表面制备钼锰钛系化学转化膜的研究[J].电镀与涂饰,2014,34(8):454-457.
[10]陈泽民,宋勇朝,程志民.铝材表面制备钼锰钛系化学转化膜的影响因素分析[J].电镀与环保,2016,36(3):42-44.
[11]黄啸竹,刘庆芬,张超,等.铝合金锰(Ⅶ)%钛(Ⅳ)系无铬化学转化成膜工艺[J].过程工程学报,2014,14(5):860-866.
[12] MEHTA A. Biomarkers of fluoride exposure in human body[J]. Indian Journal of Dentistry,2013,4(4):207-210.
[13]袁志鹏,冯立明,许潇雨,等.不同配位剂无氟钛盐转化膜的制备及其耐蚀性能[J].材料保护,2015,48(4):9-12.
[14] PENG D,WU J,YAN X,et al. The formation and corrosion behavior of a zirconium-based conversion coating on the aluminum alloy AA6061[J]. Journal of Coatings Technology&Research,2016,13(5):837-850.
[15] GOLRU S S,ATTAR M M,RAMEZANZADEH B. Morp Hological analysis and corrosion performance of zirconium based conversion coating on the aluminum alloy 1050[J].Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry,2015,24:233-244.
[16]李红梅,王海君.铝及铝合金制品的阳极氧化和着色机理分析[J].中国西部科技,2010,34(9):1-3.
[17]李海丰,刘青青,王万凯,等.ADC12铝合金表面锆盐黑色化学转化膜的制备及耐蚀性研究[J].山东化工,2017,46(17):19-21.
[18]陈廷益,路文,李文芳,等. AA6063铝合金Zr黑灰色转化膜及其自修复性能[J].中国腐蚀与防护学报,2015,35(2):177-182.
[19]朱继芬.离子交换树脂分离富集——分光光度法测定矿石中微量钼、银[D].沈阳:辽宁大学,2011:2.
[20] LIANG C S,LV Z F,ZHU Y L,et al.. Protection of aluminium foil AA8021 by molybdate-based conversion coatings[J]. Applied Surface Science,2014,288(2):497-502.
[21] DU S G,YAN J,CUI H P,et al. Preparation of molybdate conversion coatings on the anodizing surface of aluminum alloy[J]. Key Engineering Material,2008,368-372:1 287-1 290.
[22]刘淑红,兰喜杰.铝合金表面镍钼二元化学转化膜的制备及其耐腐蚀性[J].大连交通大学学报,2014,35(6):85-88.
[23]穆松林,张明康,李文芳,等. 6063铝合金碱性钼酸盐化学转化工艺及膜层性能[J].电镀与涂饰,2016,35(24):1 301-1 306.
[24]韩奎,毛协民,欧阳志英,等.稀土元素在铸铝熔体除气净化过程中的行为[J].特种铸造及有色合金,2004(2):61-62.
[25] LI H L. Orthogonal optimumization of technological parameters for preparation of lanthanum conversion film on 6061aluminum alloy[J]. Corrosion&Protection,2013,34(10):933-936.
[26] PENG T L,MAN R L. Rare earth and silane as chromate replacers for corrosion protection on galvanized steel[J]. Journal of Rare Earths,2009,27(1):159-163.
[27] HINDER S J,GRILLI R,RUSTAME M,et al. A surface analytical investigation of cerium-based conversion coatings deposited onto an AA2024-T3 aluminium alloy cladding layer[J]. Surface&Interface Analysis,2015,46(10/11):735-773.
[28]雷越,汤宏伟,张圣麟.6061铝合金上硅烷膜的制备与性能[J].腐蚀与防护,2014,35(1):64-68.
[29] GU B S. Effect of H2O2on formation process of cerium(III)conversion film on aluminum alloys by EIS[J]. Corrosion Science&Protection Technology,2011,23(2):143-146.
[30]林德源,李一,陈云翔,等.稀土在铝合金防腐中的应用[J].稀土,2016,37(6):121-127.
[31] GAO T Z,LI J Q. Influence of oxidant KMn O4on film—forming process of rare earth metal conversion coating on LY12 aluminum alloy[J]. Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2002,9(3):216-220.
[32] ZHANG J J,HAN D,LI W F,et al. Investigation of the CeMn conversion coating on 6063 aluminium alloy[J]. Chinese Sci Bull,2010,55(29):3 345-3 349.
[33] CHEN D C,LI W F,GONG W H,et al.Microstructure and formation mechanism of Ce-based chemical conversion coating on 6063 Al alloy[J]. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2009,19(3):592-600.
[34] DabalàM,RAMOUS E,MAGRINI M. Corrosion resistance of cerium$based chemical conversion coatings on AA5083aluminium alloy[J]. Materials&Corrosion,2015,55(5):381-386.
[35]陈思屹.ADC12铝合金上稀土钝化膜制备工艺与防腐蚀性能的研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2016:10-11,39-40,60-61.
[36] GHARABAGH R S,ROUHAGHDAM A S. Investigation of Pretreatment Effects on the Formation of Lanthanum based Conversion Coating on AA2024-T3[J]. Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces,2017(1):112-117.
[37]刘毅,王昕.铝合金表面镧转化膜工艺优化[J].机械与电子,2013,15:61.
[38] LI W G,ZHONG X F,LU Q X,et al. Molybdate Pro-teatment for Rear Earth Conversion film on LF21 Aluminum Alloy to Improve Corrosion Resistance[J]. Corrosion&Protection,2009,30(2):248-275.
[39] BRACHETTISIBAJA S B,Domínguezcrespo M A,TORRESHUERTA A M,et al. Rare Earth Conversion Coatings Grown on AA6061 Aluminum Alloys. Corrosion Studies[J].Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society,2014,58(4):393-410.
[40] KACHURINA O,METROKE TL,STESIKOVA E,et al.Comparison of single and multilayer coatings based on ormosil and conversion layers for aluminum alloy corrosion inhibition[J]. Journal of Coatings Technology,2002,74(926):43-48.
[41] HAO J,GAO Y,DONG Z. Effects of siloxane sulfide and cerium salt complex conversion film on corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion&Protection,2016,35(6):525-534.
[42] PENG S,SUN L,LIN H Q,et al. Preparation and Corrosion Performance of Silane/Ce Films on 7N01 Aluminum Alloy:Chinese Materials Conference[C]. Singapore:Springer,2017:255-267.
[43]章艳玲,李红玲,张伟.硝酸镧掺杂对6061铝合金表面硅烷膜耐蚀性能的影响[J].材料保护,2017,50(10):16-19.