谷子水培体系的构建与应用
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摘要
传统的土培法工作量大,生长周期长,且难以精确控制营养元素的含量。为了解决这些问题,采用水培法对谷子的最适生长环境进行深入研究,并通过对光照强度、光照时间、温度、湿度等的控制及N,P,K浓度的筛选,最终确定谷子的最佳水培条件。结果表明,在光照强度30 000 lx,光照时间14 h,昼夜温度分别为(29±2),(22±2)℃,相对湿度45%～50%,培养液日通氧时间8 h,根部避光处理,氮磷钾浓度分别为2,0.004,2.5 mmol/L时,谷子的生长状况最好。该水培体系的建立可为今后精准研究营养元素对谷子生长、发育的调控机制奠定基础。
The traditional soil culture method is characterized by heavy workload, long growth cycle and difficulty in accurately controlling the nutrient content. In order to solve these problems, the optimum growth environment of millet was studied by hydroponics.The optimum hydroponic system of millet was selected by controlling light intensity, time of illumination, temperature and humidity, and treating with different concentration of N, P and K. The result showed that the growth condition of millet was the best, when the light intensity was 30 000 lx, the light time was 14 h, the day and night temperature was(29 ±2),(22 ±2)℃, respectively, the relative humidity was 45%-50%, the incubation time was 8 h, the roots were protected from light and the concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were 2, 0.004, 2.5 mmol/L, respectively. The establishment of the hydroponic system will lay a foundation for the accurate study of the regulation mechanism of nutrient elements on the growth and development of millet in the future.
The traditional soil culture method is characterized by heavy workload, long growth cycle and difficulty in accurately controlling the nutrient content. In order to solve these problems, the optimum growth environment of millet was studied by hydroponics.The optimum hydroponic system of millet was selected by controlling light intensity, time of illumination, temperature and humidity, and treating with different concentration of N, P and K. The result showed that the growth condition of millet was the best, when the light intensity was 30 000 lx, the light time was 14 h, the day and night temperature was(29 ±2),(22 ±2)℃, respectively, the relative humidity was 45%-50%, the incubation time was 8 h, the roots were protected from light and the concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were 2, 0.004, 2.5 mmol/L, respectively. The establishment of the hydroponic system will lay a foundation for the accurate study of the regulation mechanism of nutrient elements on the growth and development of millet in the future.
引文
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[18]郭再华,贺立源,黄魏,等.耐低磷水稻筛选与鉴定[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2006(5):642-648.
[2]赵庆英,张瑞娟,王瑞良,等.基于名优谷子品种晋谷21全基因组重测序的分子标记开发[J].作物学报,2018,44(5):686-696.
[3]许琦,李建兵,侯振宇,等.我国谷子产业产销研状况调查研究[J].现代农业科技,2013(4):18-20,22.
[4]刘韶光,赵夏童,宋喜娥,等.膜间喷施二甲戊灵对谷子幼苗叶片光合特性的影响[J].山西农业科学,2019,47(2):162-165,184.
[5]宋占哲. 500余份玉米自交系根系低磷响应特征分析与农艺经济性状鉴定[D].雅安:四川农业大学,2011.
[6]刁现民.谷子生物技术研究成果与未来方向[J].河北农业科学,2005(4):61-68.
[7]王汝慈,程式华,曹立勇.水稻耐低磷胁迫研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2009,25(6):77-83.
[8] GERLOFFGL. Intact-plant screening for tolerance of nutrient deficiency stress[J]. Plant and Soil,1987,99:3-16.
[9]吴照辉,贺立源,张丽梅,等.作物磷高效种质资源筛选研究进展[J].山地农业生物学报,2008(1):61-68.
[10] MOSES KWAME AIDOO,EYAL BDOLACH,AARON FAIT,et al. Tolerance to high soil temperature in foxtail millet(Setaria italica L.)is related to shoot and root growth and metabolism[J]. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry,2016,106:73-89.
[11]刘国顺,杨兴有,位辉琴,等.光照强度对烤烟漂浮育苗成苗素质的影响[J].烟草科技,2006(8):51-54.
[12] PHILIPPE MORARD,LUDOVIC LACOSTE. Effect of oxygen deficiency on mineral nutrition of excised tomato roots[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition,2004,27(4):613-629.
[13]赵锋,徐春梅,张卫建,等.根际溶氧量与氮素形态对水稻根系特征及氮素积累的影响[J].中国水稻科学,2011,25(2):195-200.
[14]田晓莉,王刚卫,朱睿,等.棉花耐低钾基因型筛选条件和指标的研究[J].作物学报,2008,34(8):1435-1443.
[15]滕应,钱晓刚,陈泽辉,等.植物钾营养性状遗传研究进展[J].种子,2001(4):31-34.
[16]徐顺莉.耐低钾切花菊品种筛选及其耐性生理机理研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2013.
[17]刘大同,荆彦平,陈晶晶,等.水稻的侧根发育及其影响因素[J].作物学报,2014,40(8):1403-1411.
[18]郭再华,贺立源,黄魏,等.耐低磷水稻筛选与鉴定[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2006(5):642-648.