牡丹江市2015—2017年流感病原学监测及流行病学分析
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摘要
目的分析牡丹江市2015-2017年流感监测数据,为流感防治工作提供科学依据。方法根据流感监测项目,采集流感样病例(influenza-like illness,ILI)开展病原学监测,并对监测结果进行分析。结果从ILI的年龄结构上看,0～4岁年龄组构成比最高,60岁以上年龄组最低;2015—2017年共采集ILI标本6 315份,共检出阳性标本977份,阳性标本检出率为15.5%,其中H3型毒株最多,占所有毒株的39.9%,不同菌株间阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=608.03,P<0.05)。2015、2016年主要为H3型和B型流感毒株交替流行,2015、2016年共检测出8例H1型流感毒株,2017年甲型H1和H3交替成为优势毒株。2015—2017年牡丹江市流感流行趋势基本相同,冬春季为主,夏秋季少发。结论牡丹江市2015—2017年流感疫情总体平稳,冬春季为流感的高发季节,2015—2017年流行毒株变化明显,要继续加大流感防治工作力度,密切关注疫情动态和菌株变异情况。
Objective To analyze the influenza surveillance data of Mudanjiang during 2015 and 2017,provide the scientific basis for the influenza prevention and control.Methods According to the influenza monitoring project,the data of influenza-like illness(ILI) was collected to carry out pathogenic monitoring and analyze the results.Results According to the age,the constituent ratio of 0 to 4 years old group was the highest,more than 60 years old group was the lowest.During 2015 and 2017,6 315 samples of ILI were collected from sentinel surveillance hospitals in Mudanjiang.A total of 977 positive specimens were detected and the positive rate was 15.5%.The A(H3) strains were the most,accounting for 39.9% among all the strains,and the difference of positive rate among different strains was statistically significant(χ~2=608.03,P<0.05).In 2015 and 2016,influenza virus H3 and B influenza mainly occurred alternately.A total of 8 strains of influenza A(H1 N1) were detected in 2015 and 2016.During 2015 and 2016,the influenza A(H1 N1) strain in Mudanjiang was in a low epidemic situation.In 2017,influenza the H1 and H3 became the dominant strain alternately.The epidemic of influenza in Mudanjiang was generally stable,and the popular trends were basically same,winer and spring were the main season,but the summer and autumn were rare during 2015 and 2017.Conclusions During 2015 and 2017,the influenza epidemic situation in Mudanjiang was generally stable.Winter and spring are the peak of influenza.From 2015 to 2017,the epidemic strains changes obviously.It is necessary to intensify the work of influenza prevention and control,and pay close attention to the dynamics of the epidemic situation and the variation of the strains.
Objective To analyze the influenza surveillance data of Mudanjiang during 2015 and 2017,provide the scientific basis for the influenza prevention and control.Methods According to the influenza monitoring project,the data of influenza-like illness(ILI) was collected to carry out pathogenic monitoring and analyze the results.Results According to the age,the constituent ratio of 0 to 4 years old group was the highest,more than 60 years old group was the lowest.During 2015 and 2017,6 315 samples of ILI were collected from sentinel surveillance hospitals in Mudanjiang.A total of 977 positive specimens were detected and the positive rate was 15.5%.The A(H3) strains were the most,accounting for 39.9% among all the strains,and the difference of positive rate among different strains was statistically significant(χ~2=608.03,P<0.05).In 2015 and 2016,influenza virus H3 and B influenza mainly occurred alternately.A total of 8 strains of influenza A(H1 N1) were detected in 2015 and 2016.During 2015 and 2016,the influenza A(H1 N1) strain in Mudanjiang was in a low epidemic situation.In 2017,influenza the H1 and H3 became the dominant strain alternately.The epidemic of influenza in Mudanjiang was generally stable,and the popular trends were basically same,winer and spring were the main season,but the summer and autumn were rare during 2015 and 2017.Conclusions During 2015 and 2017,the influenza epidemic situation in Mudanjiang was generally stable.Winter and spring are the peak of influenza.From 2015 to 2017,the epidemic strains changes obviously.It is necessary to intensify the work of influenza prevention and control,and pay close attention to the dynamics of the epidemic situation and the variation of the strains.
引文
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[3] 中华人民共和国卫生部.卫生部办公厅关于印发《全国流感监测方案(2010年版)》的通知[EB/OL].(2010-9-10)[2018-05-12].http://www.nhfpc.gov.cn/jkj/s3577/201009/3fa356d0f4834 d408fde6c12891a6482.shtml
[4] Monto AS,Comanor L,Shay DK,et al.Epidemiology of pandemic influenza:use of surveillance and modeling for pandemic preparedness [J].J Infect Dis,2006,194(Suppl 2):S92-S97.
[5] 郎中凯,王恒芹,丁建武,等.2010年—2015年重庆市万州区流感病原学监测结果分析[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2015,25(20):3553-3555,3558.
[6] 余昭,方琼姗,周敏,等.2008—2012年浙江省流行性感冒监测分析[J].疾病监测,2012,27(9):689-693.
[7] 刘超,赵增阳,许进,等.2011年—2014年淄博市流感病毒分离情况分析[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2015,25(21):3715-3717.
[8] 冯录召,杨鹏,张涛,等.中国季节性流感疫苗应用技术指南(2014-2015)[J].中华流行病学杂志,2014,35(12):1295-1319.
[9] 杨海荣,秦圣洁,罗云,等.2013年—2016年呼和浩特市流感病原学监测分析[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2017,27(5):710-712.
[10] 史晓林,方仙,赵静.2013—2016年南阳市流感病原学监测结果分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(14):2636-2639.
[11] 何秋瑜,陈志青.广东省梅州市2011年—2016 年流感病原学监测结果分析.[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2018,28(1):102-105.