东北—蒙东经济区绿色植保在实施“一带一路”倡议中面临的挑战与发展
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摘要
东北—蒙东地区包括辽宁、吉林、黑龙江和内蒙古东部五盟市,是我国东北地区对外经贸、科技和文化交流的重要窗口,也是我国粮食生产最集中的地区之一。该地区农业管理水平和灾变应对能力相对滞后,多种重要入侵性和迁飞性有害生物在东北省区间和与其接壤的国家间重叠或交替发生,导致农产品产量和质量下降,严重影响了我国农产品的国际贸易量。随着我国"一带一路"倡议的实施,上述问题势必日益突出,如何保证东北省区粮食生产安全,促进农产品国际贸易发展是我们共同面临的巨大挑战。本文重点阐述了东北—蒙东地区全链式有害生物预警、智能化监测和绿色防控技术体系,在此基础上,拟整合东北—蒙东地区有害生物综合治理优势力量,重点联合俄罗斯、韩国等周边国家植物保护机构、科研人员及技术推广人员共建东北—蒙东地区国际植保联盟,构建农业安全生产的生态屏障。
Northeast-Eastern Inner Mongolian(NEIM) area includes Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang and east areas of Inner Mongolia. The NEIM area is an important window for the exchanges of foreign economies, trades, technologies and cultures. The NEIM is one of the most centralized important regions of grain production in China. However, in the NEIM, the management level of agricultural production and the capacity to respond to agricultural disaster problems are lagging behind. Invasion of many important harmful organisms and migratory pests occur in these provinces and neighboring countries. They not only cause losses of agricultural output and quality, but also seriously impair international trade of our national agricultural products. With the implementation of the national grand strategy of "the Belt and Road"(B&R) initiative, the unwanted invasion of dangerous pests may also inadvertently increase and become a prominent cause further problems in agricultural production. The questions are therefore how to; secure the safety of agricultural production in the NEIM area, reduce the risk of the possible invasion of harmful and dangerous pests, protect the national ecological environment, and promote international trade of our agricultural products. In this article, we discuss the strategies of implementation of the B&R initiative as an opportunity to establish a whole chain of green plant protection techniques, containing the early warning, intelligent monitoring and integrated pest prevention and control systems, that are cover edrelevant for the whole NEIM; the integration of the advantage of comprehensive strength of crop integrated pest management(IPM) in the NEIM region, with mainly in association with the plant-protection related organizations, educational institutions, personnel of science and technology popularization or and extension services in Russia, South Korea and other neighboring countries to build the an international union system of plant protection in Northeast China.
Northeast-Eastern Inner Mongolian(NEIM) area includes Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang and east areas of Inner Mongolia. The NEIM area is an important window for the exchanges of foreign economies, trades, technologies and cultures. The NEIM is one of the most centralized important regions of grain production in China. However, in the NEIM, the management level of agricultural production and the capacity to respond to agricultural disaster problems are lagging behind. Invasion of many important harmful organisms and migratory pests occur in these provinces and neighboring countries. They not only cause losses of agricultural output and quality, but also seriously impair international trade of our national agricultural products. With the implementation of the national grand strategy of "the Belt and Road"(B&R) initiative, the unwanted invasion of dangerous pests may also inadvertently increase and become a prominent cause further problems in agricultural production. The questions are therefore how to; secure the safety of agricultural production in the NEIM area, reduce the risk of the possible invasion of harmful and dangerous pests, protect the national ecological environment, and promote international trade of our agricultural products. In this article, we discuss the strategies of implementation of the B&R initiative as an opportunity to establish a whole chain of green plant protection techniques, containing the early warning, intelligent monitoring and integrated pest prevention and control systems, that are cover edrelevant for the whole NEIM; the integration of the advantage of comprehensive strength of crop integrated pest management(IPM) in the NEIM region, with mainly in association with the plant-protection related organizations, educational institutions, personnel of science and technology popularization or and extension services in Russia, South Korea and other neighboring countries to build the an international union system of plant protection in Northeast China.
引文
陈春林,梅林,刘继生,韩阳,2011.蒙东地区与东北三省城镇一体化发展研究.经济地理,31(6):920-925.
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董鸿飞,2015.黑龙江农产品出口存在问题及对策分析.现代经济信息 (9):486.
恩和,苏日古嘎,2018.“一带一路”背景下中国与东北亚其他国家经贸合作潜力——基于引力模型的实证研究.商业经济研究 (23):135-137.
郭婷婷,2014.东北三省外来入侵植物特征分析及风险评价.硕士学位论文.沈阳:沈阳大学.
韩奎阳,2014.辽宁省农产品出口贸易现状及问题分析.现代经济信息 (4):404-405.
鞠瑞亭,李慧,石正人,李博,2012.近十年中国生物入侵研究进展.生物多样性,20(5):581-611.
雷仲仁,郭予元,李世访,2014.中国主要农作物有害生物名录.北京:中国农业科学技术出版社.
李一唯,2015.黑龙江省对俄农产品出口贸易发展研究.硕士学位论文.哈尔滨:哈尔滨商业大学.
李云平,2018.内蒙古粮食产量连续6年稳定在3000万吨以上.(2018-12-31)[2019-01-03].http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2018-12/31/content_5353713.htm.
刘江,贺惊涛,2015.前两个月我区边贸进出口实现双增长.(2015-03-24)[2018-06-21].http://news.163.com/15/0324/07/ALF4NNN700014AED.html.
刘再春,杨振学,王昶远,刘大平,2007.辽宁省重大外来林业有害生物灾害的应急响应与实施.辽宁林业科技 (5):55-57
齐海山,2011.吉林农安今年粮食产量预计达40亿公斤左右.(2011-09-27)[2018-06-21].http://www.gov.cn/jrzg/2011-09/27/content_1957150.htm.
宋晓丰,叶桂峰,2008.我国外来生物入侵的现状、危害及防治研究.生物学通报,43(7):24-26.
孙英威,王希,管建涛,2011.“天下粮仓”看龙江——黑龙江连续增产之路追踪.(2011-12-25)[2018-06-21].http://www.gov.cn/jrzg/2011-12/25/content_2028721.htm.
万德庆,2013.辽宁省农产品出口现状及对策建议.农业经济 (6):111-112.
王建,2018.黑龙江培育新品系大豆蛋白含量高达47.96%创新高.(2018-11-06)[2018-11-09].http://www.xinhuanet.com/fortune/2018-11/06/c_1123672094.htm.
王艳青,王春林,2001.中国植物检疫性病害的监测与治理//中国农学会.第三届中国国际农业科技年会:87-92.
王志明,刘国荣,2005.吉林省林业检疫性有害生物的分布、危害及评估.中国森林病虫,24(5):19-21.
杨光,武凤平,2013.基于SWOT分析的吉省农产品出口对策选择.农业经济 (6):117-119.
袁浩博,2017.东北粮食主产区耕地质量保护与农业可持续发展研究.经济纵横 (11):106-111.
周娟,2015.韩国农业危机及其启示.农业经济问题,36(3):93-100,112.
朱世桂,王亚鹏,2008.立足国情,特色发展——韩国农业科技体制解析及启示.江苏农业科学 (6):6-10.
崔岩,2018.新局势下的东北亚合作与“一带一路”构想.日本研究 (3):3-5.
董鸿飞,2015.黑龙江农产品出口存在问题及对策分析.现代经济信息 (9):486.
恩和,苏日古嘎,2018.“一带一路”背景下中国与东北亚其他国家经贸合作潜力——基于引力模型的实证研究.商业经济研究 (23):135-137.
郭婷婷,2014.东北三省外来入侵植物特征分析及风险评价.硕士学位论文.沈阳:沈阳大学.
韩奎阳,2014.辽宁省农产品出口贸易现状及问题分析.现代经济信息 (4):404-405.
鞠瑞亭,李慧,石正人,李博,2012.近十年中国生物入侵研究进展.生物多样性,20(5):581-611.
雷仲仁,郭予元,李世访,2014.中国主要农作物有害生物名录.北京:中国农业科学技术出版社.
李一唯,2015.黑龙江省对俄农产品出口贸易发展研究.硕士学位论文.哈尔滨:哈尔滨商业大学.
李云平,2018.内蒙古粮食产量连续6年稳定在3000万吨以上.(2018-12-31)[2019-01-03].http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2018-12/31/content_5353713.htm.
刘江,贺惊涛,2015.前两个月我区边贸进出口实现双增长.(2015-03-24)[2018-06-21].http://news.163.com/15/0324/07/ALF4NNN700014AED.html.
刘再春,杨振学,王昶远,刘大平,2007.辽宁省重大外来林业有害生物灾害的应急响应与实施.辽宁林业科技 (5):55-57
齐海山,2011.吉林农安今年粮食产量预计达40亿公斤左右.(2011-09-27)[2018-06-21].http://www.gov.cn/jrzg/2011-09/27/content_1957150.htm.
宋晓丰,叶桂峰,2008.我国外来生物入侵的现状、危害及防治研究.生物学通报,43(7):24-26.
孙英威,王希,管建涛,2011.“天下粮仓”看龙江——黑龙江连续增产之路追踪.(2011-12-25)[2018-06-21].http://www.gov.cn/jrzg/2011-12/25/content_2028721.htm.
万德庆,2013.辽宁省农产品出口现状及对策建议.农业经济 (6):111-112.
王建,2018.黑龙江培育新品系大豆蛋白含量高达47.96%创新高.(2018-11-06)[2018-11-09].http://www.xinhuanet.com/fortune/2018-11/06/c_1123672094.htm.
王艳青,王春林,2001.中国植物检疫性病害的监测与治理//中国农学会.第三届中国国际农业科技年会:87-92.
王志明,刘国荣,2005.吉林省林业检疫性有害生物的分布、危害及评估.中国森林病虫,24(5):19-21.
杨光,武凤平,2013.基于SWOT分析的吉省农产品出口对策选择.农业经济 (6):117-119.
袁浩博,2017.东北粮食主产区耕地质量保护与农业可持续发展研究.经济纵横 (11):106-111.
周娟,2015.韩国农业危机及其启示.农业经济问题,36(3):93-100,112.
朱世桂,王亚鹏,2008.立足国情,特色发展——韩国农业科技体制解析及启示.江苏农业科学 (6):6-10.