椭圆纤芯少模光纤参量放大器设计
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摘要
研究了椭圆纤芯少模光纤的模式特性,给出了少模光纤中克尔非线性耦合模方程的一般形式,详细描述了少模光纤参量放大器的设计方法。利用COMSOL仿真软件获得了导波光场模式分布对纤芯椭圆率的依赖关系,进而计算了少模之间的四波混频相位失配因子和相应的模场交叠积分(或非线性系数)。研究了阶跃型折射率分布的椭圆纤芯少模光纤中三个模群的简并四波混频过程。结果表明,当LP_(21a)模的抽运光功率为0.5 W时,LP_(11a)模的信号光增益达到20.15dB,在增益劣化2dB的范围内可允许的椭圆纤芯误差为0.6μm。
Herein,we studied the mode characteristics of a few-mode fiber with an elliptical-core.We investigated the general expression of the Kerr nonlinear coupled-mode equations for the few-mode fiber and discussed the design process of an optical fiber parametric amplifier in detail.The dependence of the optical field mode distribution on core ellipticity was simulated using the COMSOL software,following which the phase mismatch factor in four-wave mixing and the corresponding mode field overlapping integral(or nonlinear coefficient)were calculated.In addition,we studied the degenerate four-wave mixing process of three mode groups in the elliptical-core few-mode fiber with a step refractive index distribution.The results show that when the LP_(21a)-mode pump power is 0.5 W,the maximum gain of 20.15 dB can be obtained and the elliptical-core tolerance size is 0.6μm in the gain deterioration range of 2 dB.
Herein,we studied the mode characteristics of a few-mode fiber with an elliptical-core.We investigated the general expression of the Kerr nonlinear coupled-mode equations for the few-mode fiber and discussed the design process of an optical fiber parametric amplifier in detail.The dependence of the optical field mode distribution on core ellipticity was simulated using the COMSOL software,following which the phase mismatch factor in four-wave mixing and the corresponding mode field overlapping integral(or nonlinear coefficient)were calculated.In addition,we studied the degenerate four-wave mixing process of three mode groups in the elliptical-core few-mode fiber with a step refractive index distribution.The results show that when the LP_(21a)-mode pump power is 0.5 W,the maximum gain of 20.15 dB can be obtained and the elliptical-core tolerance size is 0.6μm in the gain deterioration range of 2 dB.
引文
[1]Mukasa K,Imamura K,Tsuchida Y,etal.Multicore fibers for large capacity SDM[C]∥Optical Fiber Communication Conference 2011,March 6-10,2011,Los Angeles,California.Washington D.C.:OSA,2011:OWJ1.
[2]Mumtaz S,Essiambre R J,Agrawal G P.Nonlinear propagation in multimode and multicore fibers:generalization of the Manakov equations[J].Journal of Lightwave Technology,2013,31(3):398-406.
[3]Gaur A,Rastogi V.Modal gain equalization of 18modes using a single-trench ring-core EDFA[J].Journal of the Optical Society of America B,2018,35(9):2211-2216.
[4]Li J X,Wang L L,Du J B,et al.Experimental demonstration of a few-mode Raman amplifier with a flat gain covering 1530-1605nm[J].Optics Letters,2018,43(18):4530-4533.
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[9]Mao X R,Kou Z F,Zhang J H.Two improved methods of suppression four wave mixing effect in optical fiber transmission[J].Laser&Optoelectronics Progress,2017,54(8):080601.毛昕蓉,寇召飞,张建华.抑制光纤传输中四波混频效应的两种改进方法[J].激光与光电子学进展,2017,54(8):080601.
[10]Yuan H,Wu B J,Zhou X Y,et al.Equalization and regeneration of four-wave mixing for time-interleaved channel[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2014,34(2):0206002.袁浩,武保剑,周星宇,等.时隙交织信道的四波混频均衡再生[J].光学学报,2014,34(2):0206002.
[11]Cao Y M,Wu B J,Wan F,et al.Principle and noise performance of optical phase arithmetic devices using four wave mixing[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2018,67(9):094208.曹亚敏,武保剑,万峰,等.四波混频光相位运算器原理及其噪声性能研究[J].物理学报,2018,67(9):094208.
[12]Xiao Y Z,Essiambre R J,Desgroseilliers M,et al.Theory of intermodal four-wave mixing with random linear mode coupling in few-mode fibers[J].Optics Express,2014,22(26):32039-32059.
[13]Bebawi J,Kandas I,El-Osairy M,et al.Acomprehensive study on EDFA characteristics:temperature impact[J].Applied Sciences,2018,8(9):1640.
[14]Nazemosadat E,Pourbeyram H,Mafi A.Phase matching for spontaneous frequency conversion via four-wave mixing in graded-index multimode optical fibers[J].Journal of the Optical Society of America B,2016,33(2):144-150.
[15]Liu Y L.Parameters optimization and the crosstalk characteristics research in optical parametric amplifier[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2015:6-18.刘宇林.光纤参量放大器参数优化及串扰特性研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2015:6-18.
[16]Liu Q,Bi W H,Wang S W,et al.Few-mode fiber temperature sensor based on interference between LP01and LP11 modes[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2018,38(2):0206001.刘强,毕卫红,王思文,等.基于LP01和LP11模式干涉的少模光纤温度传感器[J].光学学报,2018,38(2):0206001.
[17]Xu Z.Control the orbital angular momentum in third-harmonic generation using quasi-phase-matching[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University,2018:5-27.徐周.通过准相位匹配控制三倍频过程中的光子轨道角动量[D].南京:南京大学,2018:5-27.
[18]Essiambre R J,Mestre M A,Ryf R,et al.Experimental investigation of inter-modal four-wave mixing in few-mode fibers[J].IEEE Photonics Technology Letters,2013,25(6):539-542.
[2]Mumtaz S,Essiambre R J,Agrawal G P.Nonlinear propagation in multimode and multicore fibers:generalization of the Manakov equations[J].Journal of Lightwave Technology,2013,31(3):398-406.
[3]Gaur A,Rastogi V.Modal gain equalization of 18modes using a single-trench ring-core EDFA[J].Journal of the Optical Society of America B,2018,35(9):2211-2216.
[4]Li J X,Wang L L,Du J B,et al.Experimental demonstration of a few-mode Raman amplifier with a flat gain covering 1530-1605nm[J].Optics Letters,2018,43(18):4530-4533.
[5]Guo C,Zhang Z Z,Zhao N B,et al.Design of elliptical-core few-mode fibers for optical parametric amplification[C]∥Optical Fiber Communication Conference 2017,March 19-23,2017,Los Angeles,California,United States.Washington D.C.:OSA,2017:W2A.20.
[6]Nazemosadat E,Lorences-Riesgo A,Karlsson M,et al.Design of highly nonlinear few-mode fiber for C-band optical parametric amplification[J].Journal of Lightwave Technology,2017,35(14):2810-2817.
[7]Parmigiani F,Jung Y,Horak P,et al.C-to L-band wavelength conversion enabled by parametric processes in a few mode fiber[C]∥Optical Fiber Communication Conference 2017,March 19-23,2017,Los Angeles,California,United States.Washington D.C.:OSA,2017:Th1F.4.
[8]Cao H.Theoretical and experimental study on fiber optical parametric amplifiers[D].Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2006:11-20.曹辉.光纤参量放大器的理论与实验研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2006:11-20.
[9]Mao X R,Kou Z F,Zhang J H.Two improved methods of suppression four wave mixing effect in optical fiber transmission[J].Laser&Optoelectronics Progress,2017,54(8):080601.毛昕蓉,寇召飞,张建华.抑制光纤传输中四波混频效应的两种改进方法[J].激光与光电子学进展,2017,54(8):080601.
[10]Yuan H,Wu B J,Zhou X Y,et al.Equalization and regeneration of four-wave mixing for time-interleaved channel[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2014,34(2):0206002.袁浩,武保剑,周星宇,等.时隙交织信道的四波混频均衡再生[J].光学学报,2014,34(2):0206002.
[11]Cao Y M,Wu B J,Wan F,et al.Principle and noise performance of optical phase arithmetic devices using four wave mixing[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2018,67(9):094208.曹亚敏,武保剑,万峰,等.四波混频光相位运算器原理及其噪声性能研究[J].物理学报,2018,67(9):094208.
[12]Xiao Y Z,Essiambre R J,Desgroseilliers M,et al.Theory of intermodal four-wave mixing with random linear mode coupling in few-mode fibers[J].Optics Express,2014,22(26):32039-32059.
[13]Bebawi J,Kandas I,El-Osairy M,et al.Acomprehensive study on EDFA characteristics:temperature impact[J].Applied Sciences,2018,8(9):1640.
[14]Nazemosadat E,Pourbeyram H,Mafi A.Phase matching for spontaneous frequency conversion via four-wave mixing in graded-index multimode optical fibers[J].Journal of the Optical Society of America B,2016,33(2):144-150.
[15]Liu Y L.Parameters optimization and the crosstalk characteristics research in optical parametric amplifier[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2015:6-18.刘宇林.光纤参量放大器参数优化及串扰特性研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2015:6-18.
[16]Liu Q,Bi W H,Wang S W,et al.Few-mode fiber temperature sensor based on interference between LP01and LP11 modes[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2018,38(2):0206001.刘强,毕卫红,王思文,等.基于LP01和LP11模式干涉的少模光纤温度传感器[J].光学学报,2018,38(2):0206001.
[17]Xu Z.Control the orbital angular momentum in third-harmonic generation using quasi-phase-matching[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University,2018:5-27.徐周.通过准相位匹配控制三倍频过程中的光子轨道角动量[D].南京:南京大学,2018:5-27.
[18]Essiambre R J,Mestre M A,Ryf R,et al.Experimental investigation of inter-modal four-wave mixing in few-mode fibers[J].IEEE Photonics Technology Letters,2013,25(6):539-542.