陕西泾阳南塬黄土滑坡滑带土残余剪切强度特性
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摘要
为探求陕西泾阳南塬高速远程黄土滑坡的复活机理,从大型黄土滑坡滑带采集原状黄土试样、古土壤试样(原状土),部分制备重塑试样(重塑土),进行不同体积含水率下的反复剪切试验,从而获得滑带土残余剪切强度指标与体积含水率、黏粒含量之间的关系。结果表明:原状土和重塑土的剪应力-位移曲线均为硬化型;在不同的垂直压力下,原状土和重塑土的残余剪切强度差值变化较大;当剪切强度达到峰值强度以后,随着剪切位移的继续增大,原状土和重塑土的残余剪切强度都有一定程度的损失,这种损失因垂直压力的不同而不同;对同类土,通过反复剪切试验获得的内聚力和内摩擦角随体积含水率的增加而降低;相关性分析表明,该区滑带土的黏粒含量较低,对残余剪切强度的内摩擦角影响很小,尤其是当天然体积含水率较低时,体积含水率的变化对残余剪切强度的影响远远大于黏粒含量的影响。
In order to find the reactivation mechanism of high-speed long-distance loess landslide in Jingyang southern highland of Shaanxi,the undisturbed loess and paleosoil samples were collected from sliding zones of large loess landslides,and the remolded soils were prepared from part undisturbed soils;repeated shear tests under different volumetric moisture contents were designed,and the relationships between indexes of residual shear strength and volumetric moisture content,and cosmid content were discussed.The results showed that the shear stress-displacement curves of undisturbed soil and remolded soil were both hardening type;the difference of residual shear strengths between undisturbed soil and remolded soil was significant under different vertical pressures;when shear strength reached to peak strength,the residual shear strengths of undisturbed soil and remolded soil lost a little with the continues increase of shear displacement,and the loss was different because of the different vertical pressures;for the same kind of soils,the cohesions and internal friction angles from repeated shear tests decreased with the increase of volumetric moisture content;correlation analysis indicated that cosmid content was low in landslide soil and had little effect on internal friction angle of residual shear strength,and especially when natural volumetric moisture content was lower,the impact of the change of volumetric moisture content on residual shear strength was significantly more than the impact of cosmid content.
In order to find the reactivation mechanism of high-speed long-distance loess landslide in Jingyang southern highland of Shaanxi,the undisturbed loess and paleosoil samples were collected from sliding zones of large loess landslides,and the remolded soils were prepared from part undisturbed soils;repeated shear tests under different volumetric moisture contents were designed,and the relationships between indexes of residual shear strength and volumetric moisture content,and cosmid content were discussed.The results showed that the shear stress-displacement curves of undisturbed soil and remolded soil were both hardening type;the difference of residual shear strengths between undisturbed soil and remolded soil was significant under different vertical pressures;when shear strength reached to peak strength,the residual shear strengths of undisturbed soil and remolded soil lost a little with the continues increase of shear displacement,and the loss was different because of the different vertical pressures;for the same kind of soils,the cohesions and internal friction angles from repeated shear tests decreased with the increase of volumetric moisture content;correlation analysis indicated that cosmid content was low in landslide soil and had little effect on internal friction angle of residual shear strength,and especially when natural volumetric moisture content was lower,the impact of the change of volumetric moisture content on residual shear strength was significantly more than the impact of cosmid content.
引文
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[2]雷祥义.陕西泾阳南塬黄土滑坡灾害与引水灌溉的关系[J].工程地质学报,1995,3(1):56-64.LEI Xiang-yi.The Hazards of Loess Landslides in theSouthern Tableland of Jingyang County,Shaanxi andTheir Relationship with the Channel Water intoFields[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,1995,3(1):56-64.
[3]许领,戴褔初.泾阳南塬黄土滑坡特征参数统计分析[J].水文地质工程地质,2008,35(5):28-32.XU Ling,DAI Fu-chu.Statistical Analysis of theCharacteristic Parameters of Loess Landslides at theSouth Jingyang Plateau[J].Hydrogeology and Engi-neering Geology,2008,35(5):28-32.
[4]许领,戴褔初,邝国麟,等.黄土滑坡典型工程地质问题分析[J].岩土工程学报,2009,31(2):287-293.XU Ling,DAI Fu-chu,KWONG A K L,et al.Analy-sis of Some Special Engineering-geological Problemsof Loess Landslide[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechni-cal Engineering,2009,31(2):287-293.
[5]许领,戴福初,闵弘,等.泾阳南塬黄土滑坡类型与发育特征[J].地球科学,2010,35(1):155-160.XU Ling,DAI Fu-chu,MIN Hong,et al.Loess Land-slide Types and Topographic Features at South Jing-yang Plateau,China[J].Earth Science,2010,35(1):155-160.
[6]金艳丽,戴褔初.灌溉诱发黄土滑坡机理研究[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(10):1493-1499.JIN Yan-li,DAI Fu-chu.The Mechanism of Irriga-tion-induced Landslides of Loess[J].Chinese Journalof Geotechnical Engineering,2007,29(10):1493-1499.
[7]宁社教,康金栓,陶虹,等.黄土塬大型滑坡成功预报的基本做法[J].水文地质工程地质,2006,33(6):110-112.NING She-jiao,KANG Jin-shuan,TAO Hong,et al.Basic Steps of Successful Forecast Large Landslidesat Loess Tableland[J].Hydrogeology and Engineer-ing Geology,2006,33(6):110-112.
[8]范立民,岳明,冉广庆.泾河南岸崩岸型滑坡的发育规律[J].中国煤田地质,2004,16(5):33-35.FAN Li-min,YUE Ming,RAN Guang-qing.Develop-ment Pattern of Slumping Bank Type Landslides atthe South Bank of Jinghe,Shaanxi Province[J].CoalGeology of China,2004,16(5):33-35.
[9]龙建辉,李同录,雷晓峰,等.黄土滑坡滑带土的物理特性研究[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(2):289-293.LONG Jian-hui,LI Tong-lu,LEI Xiao-feng,et al.Study on Physical Properties of Soil in Sliding Zone ofLoess Landslide[J].Chinese Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering,2007,29(2):289-293.
[10]龙建辉.高速远程黄土滑坡预测预报方法研究[D].西安:长安大学,2008.LONG Jian-hui.Research on Forecasting Methods ofthe Loess Landslide with High Speed and Long-runDistance[D].Xi'an:Chang'an University,2008.
[11]龙建辉,郭文斌,李萍,等.黄土滑坡滑带土的蠕变特性[J].岩土工程学报,2010,32(7):1023-1028.LONG Jian-hui,GUO Wen-bin,LI Ping,et al.CreepProperty of Soil in Sliding Zone of Loess Landslide[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2010,32(7):1023-1028.
[12]罗丽娟,赵法锁,陈新建,等.巨型黄土滑坡剪出口滑带土的原位剪切试验研究[J].西安科技大学学报,2009,29(4):459-464.LUO Li-juan,ZHAO Fa-suo,CHEN Xin-jian,et al.In-situ Shear Experiment on the Shear Crack of GiantLoess Landslide[J].Journal of Xi'an University ofScience and Technololy,2009,29(4):459-464.
[13]罗丽娟,赵法锁,胡江洋,等.基于剩余推力法的黄土高边坡稳定性可靠度分析[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2008,28(4):27-31.LUO Li-juan,ZHAO Fa-suo,HU Jiang-yang,et al.Reliability of High Loess Slope Stability Based on Re-sidual Thrust Method[J].Journal of Chang'an Uni-versity:Natural Science Edition,2008,28(4):27-31.
[14]雷晓锋,肖曼,张林,等.公路黄土边坡强度参数的选取及应用[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2011,31(4):27-33.LEI Xiao-feng,XIAO Man,ZHANG Lin,et al.Selec-tion and Application of Strength Parameters of High-way Loess Slope[J].Journal of Chang'an University:Natural Science Edition,2011,31(4):27-33.
[15]李萍,王秉纲,李同录,等.陕西地区黄土路堑高边坡可靠度研究[J].中国公路学报,2009,22(6):18-25.LI Ping,WANG Bing-gang,LI Tong-lu,et al.Studyof Reliability for Loess Cutting High Slopes inShaanxi Province[J].China Journal of Highway andTransport,2009,22(6):18-25.
[16]张常亮,王阿丹,邢鲜丽,等.侵蚀作用诱发黄土滑坡的机制研究[J].岩土力学,2012,33(5):1585-1592.ZHANG Chang-liang,WANG A-dan,XING Xian-li,et al.Research on Mechanism of Loess LandslidesCaused by Erosion[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(5):1585-1592.
[17]张茂省,李同录.黄土滑坡诱发因素及其形成机理研究[J].工程地质学报,2011,19(4):530-540.ZHANG Mao-sheng,LI Tong-lu.Triggering Factorsand Forming Mechanism of Loess Landslides[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2011,19(4):530-540.
[18]张茂省,李林,唐亚明,等.基于风险理念的黄土滑坡调查与编图研究[J].工程地质学报,2011,19(1):43-51.ZHANG Mao-sheng,LI Lin,TANG Ya-ming.RiskManagement Based Landslide Investigation and Map-ping in Loess Area[J].Journal of Engineering Geolo-gy,2011,19(1):43-51.
[19]李萍,赵纪飞,李同录.山西乡宁—吉县地区黄土高边坡可靠度研究[J].地球科学与环境学报,2012,34(2):81-89.LI Ping,ZHAO Ji-fei,LI Tong-lu.Study on Reliabili-ty for Loess High Slopes in Xiangning-Jixian Area ofShanxi Province[J].Journal of Earth Sciences andEnvironment,2012,34(2):81-89.
[20]王阿丹,王昌业,李萍,等.西安白鹿塬北缘黄土边坡稳定的可靠度分析[J].地球科学与环境学报,2012,34(1):104-110.WANG A-dan,WANG Chang-ye,LI Ping,et al.Reli-ability Analysis for Stability of Loess Slopes Alongthe Northern Edge of Bailuyuan,Xi'an[J].Journal ofEarth Sciences and Environment,2012,34(1):104-110.
[21]李萍,张波,李同录.黄土高原边坡特征与破坏规律的分区研究[J].地球科学与环境学报,2012,34(3):89-98.LI Ping,ZHANG Bo,LI Tong-lu.Study on Regional-ization for Characteristic and Destruction Rule ofSlope in Loess Plateau[J].Journal of Earth Sciencesand Environment,2012,34(3):89-98.
[22]黄高花,王飞,杨勤科.陕西北部山丘区公路开挖边坡侵蚀调查与评价[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2006,26(2):31-33.HUANG Gao-hua,WANG Fei,YANG Qin-ke.Eval-uation of Cutting-slope Erosion of Highway in NorthShaanxi[J].Journal of Chang'an University:NaturalScience Edition,2006,26(2):31-33.
[23]叶万军,杨更社,郭西山.黄土边坡剥落病害的类型及其发育特征[J].西安科技大学学报,2010,30(1):52-57.YE Wan-jun,YANG Geng-she,GUO Xi-shan.Styleof Spalling Hazard in Loess Slope and Its DevelopCharacteristic[J].Journal of Xi'an University of Sci-ence and Technology,2010,30(1):52-57.
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