科学与政治:1957年台湾地区对李政道、杨振宁的争取
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摘要
海峡两岸在1957年都对李政道和杨振宁取得的具有世界影响的科学成就及荣誉给予了高度的关注,都视李、杨之成就和荣誉为全体中华儿女的骄傲,均在坚持一个中国的原则下与李、杨有过密切接触,并都努力争取他们二位回到己方。台湾当局和社会各界全方位介绍、宣传、渲染李政道、杨振宁的成长、成才经历及其科学成就,并通过各种途径和方式积极争取他们二位:官方直接授荣誉、发贺电、给邀请;具有官方背景的社会组织和知名人士通过宴请、祝贺、游说等方式进行;媒体则打亲情牌,试图感召李、杨,促其赴台。在争取李、杨的整个过程中,当时的台湾当局和岛内各界仍以中国正统自居,意在传达对中国主权的代表。
Much attention was paid across the Taiwan Strait in 1957 to the world-famous scientific achievements and honours of Tsung-Dao Lee and Chen Ning Yang,who were regarded as the pride of the Chinese nation.Both sides of the Strait adhered to the "One-China" policy,and both had close contact with the two men,aiming to win them over.The Taiwan government and the whole society lauded the growth of their talent and their scientific achievements,endeavouring to win them over in a variety of ways.The two scientists received official honours,congratulatory telegrams and invitations,while social organizations and celebrities with official connections tried woo them at banquets,sent congratulations and went out canvassing.Meanwhile,the media pulled on their heart strings to attempt to lure them back to Taiwan.Throughout the whole battle to win them over,however,the Taiwan government and society stuck to the "One-China" policy,which showed that both sides across the Strait agreed with the same stand when it came to the core interests of the Chinese nation.
Much attention was paid across the Taiwan Strait in 1957 to the world-famous scientific achievements and honours of Tsung-Dao Lee and Chen Ning Yang,who were regarded as the pride of the Chinese nation.Both sides of the Strait adhered to the "One-China" policy,and both had close contact with the two men,aiming to win them over.The Taiwan government and the whole society lauded the growth of their talent and their scientific achievements,endeavouring to win them over in a variety of ways.The two scientists received official honours,congratulatory telegrams and invitations,while social organizations and celebrities with official connections tried woo them at banquets,sent congratulations and went out canvassing.Meanwhile,the media pulled on their heart strings to attempt to lure them back to Taiwan.Throughout the whole battle to win them over,however,the Taiwan government and society stuck to the "One-China" policy,which showed that both sides across the Strait agreed with the same stand when it came to the core interests of the Chinese nation.
引文
1黄庆桥.宇称不守恒理论在中国的传播与影响[J].自然科学史研究,2016,35(1):84~94.
2 范韵诗.杨振宁李政道的震波[J].新闻天地,1957,(509):8.
3 原子理论又一新猷,我科学家具有贡献[N].联合报,1957-01-18:4.
4 玻璃垫上一个定律的死亡(下)[N].联合报,1957-01-28:6.
5 3位旅美青年科学家为我国争得崇高荣誉[N].联合报,1957-01-28:4.
6 普大研究所长欧本海默推崇李杨研究工作[N].台湾“中央日报”,1957-11-01:1.
7 “中央社”纽约31日合众社特稿[N].联合报,1957-11-01:1.
8 推翻对等性定律的杨振宁与李政道——吴大猷谈两青年科学家的贡献与地位[N].台湾“中央日报”,1957-01-31:2.
9 蒋梦麟夸赞两得意门生梅贻琦钱思亮谈话强调科学研究重要[N].台湾“中央日报”,1957-11-01:1.
10 玻璃垫上再谈诺贝尔奖金[N].联合报,1957-01-29:6.
11 梅贻琦谈杨李成就已使整个物理学说改观戴运轨叹国内埋没人才李熙谋吁培养研究环境[N].联合报,1957-11-01:1.
12 玻璃垫上一个定律的死亡(上)[N].联合报,1957-01-27:6.
13 为中华优秀儿女而颂祷[N].联合报,1957-11-01:2.
14 “教育部”昨举行餐会庆李杨获诺贝尔奖[N].联合报,1957-11-02:3.
15 “教育部”决授予李政道杨振宁吴健雄荣誉科学奖章[N].台湾“中央日报”,1957-02-05:4.
16 张其昀叶公超昨去电贺李政道杨振宁荣获诺贝尔奖金[N].台湾“中央日报”,1957-11-01:1.
17 李政道杨振宁获诺贝尔奖金张其昀昨发表谈话[N].台湾“中央日报”,1957-11-01:2.
18 中国科学家的殊荣[N].台湾“中央日报”,1957-11-01:2.
19 “总统”电促胡适返国就任“中央研究院长”,并以李政道杨振宁成就辉煌,嘱代致意嘉慰并望回国讲学[N].台湾“中央日报”,1957-11-06:1.
20 蒋廷黻设宴介绍杨李会晤联大代表[N].联合报,1957-11-17:1.
21 纽约华美协进社宴李政道吴健雄[N].台湾“中央日报”,1957-02-07:4.
22 合肥旅台同乡昨电贺杨振宁[N].台湾“中央日报”,1957-02-07:4.
23 李杨忙于研究婉谢华侨欢宴[N].联合报,1957-11-08:3.
24 旅美各界人士设宴祝贺李政道杨振宁获奖[N].联合报,1957-11-13:1.
25 我国旅美名流庆祝国父诞辰会中李政道杨振宁希望返国一行[N].台湾“中央日报”,1957-11-14:1.
26 竹南镇各界拟表扬李政道母亲[N].台湾“中央日报”,1957-11-04:3.
27 中广播出记者长途录音访问对话杨振宁李政道在美对祖国作传声致谢[N].联合报,1957-11-03:3.
28 竹南镇崇敬李政道之母,昨日赠匾一方[N].台湾“中央日报”,1957-11-09:3.
29 李政道之母定月中赴美,不拟前往瑞京[N].台湾“中央日报”,1957-12-01:3.
30 何祚庥.影响了一代人思维的发现[C]//李政道教授八十华诞文集.上海:上海科学技术出版社,2009.100.
31 黄庆桥.杨振宁回国记:父亲曾三赴日内瓦劝其回国[DB/OL].澎湃新闻.(2017-02-22).http://www.thepaper.cn/news Detail_forward_1623773.
(1)大陆译为“拉比”。
(1)大陆译为“罗伯特·塞伯尔”。
(1)“中央日报”和《联合报》发表过多篇访谈李政道母亲张明璋的文章,从不同角度介绍李政道的成长经历。
2 范韵诗.杨振宁李政道的震波[J].新闻天地,1957,(509):8.
3 原子理论又一新猷,我科学家具有贡献[N].联合报,1957-01-18:4.
4 玻璃垫上一个定律的死亡(下)[N].联合报,1957-01-28:6.
5 3位旅美青年科学家为我国争得崇高荣誉[N].联合报,1957-01-28:4.
6 普大研究所长欧本海默推崇李杨研究工作[N].台湾“中央日报”,1957-11-01:1.
7 “中央社”纽约31日合众社特稿[N].联合报,1957-11-01:1.
8 推翻对等性定律的杨振宁与李政道——吴大猷谈两青年科学家的贡献与地位[N].台湾“中央日报”,1957-01-31:2.
9 蒋梦麟夸赞两得意门生梅贻琦钱思亮谈话强调科学研究重要[N].台湾“中央日报”,1957-11-01:1.
10 玻璃垫上再谈诺贝尔奖金[N].联合报,1957-01-29:6.
11 梅贻琦谈杨李成就已使整个物理学说改观戴运轨叹国内埋没人才李熙谋吁培养研究环境[N].联合报,1957-11-01:1.
12 玻璃垫上一个定律的死亡(上)[N].联合报,1957-01-27:6.
13 为中华优秀儿女而颂祷[N].联合报,1957-11-01:2.
14 “教育部”昨举行餐会庆李杨获诺贝尔奖[N].联合报,1957-11-02:3.
15 “教育部”决授予李政道杨振宁吴健雄荣誉科学奖章[N].台湾“中央日报”,1957-02-05:4.
16 张其昀叶公超昨去电贺李政道杨振宁荣获诺贝尔奖金[N].台湾“中央日报”,1957-11-01:1.
17 李政道杨振宁获诺贝尔奖金张其昀昨发表谈话[N].台湾“中央日报”,1957-11-01:2.
18 中国科学家的殊荣[N].台湾“中央日报”,1957-11-01:2.
19 “总统”电促胡适返国就任“中央研究院长”,并以李政道杨振宁成就辉煌,嘱代致意嘉慰并望回国讲学[N].台湾“中央日报”,1957-11-06:1.
20 蒋廷黻设宴介绍杨李会晤联大代表[N].联合报,1957-11-17:1.
21 纽约华美协进社宴李政道吴健雄[N].台湾“中央日报”,1957-02-07:4.
22 合肥旅台同乡昨电贺杨振宁[N].台湾“中央日报”,1957-02-07:4.
23 李杨忙于研究婉谢华侨欢宴[N].联合报,1957-11-08:3.
24 旅美各界人士设宴祝贺李政道杨振宁获奖[N].联合报,1957-11-13:1.
25 我国旅美名流庆祝国父诞辰会中李政道杨振宁希望返国一行[N].台湾“中央日报”,1957-11-14:1.
26 竹南镇各界拟表扬李政道母亲[N].台湾“中央日报”,1957-11-04:3.
27 中广播出记者长途录音访问对话杨振宁李政道在美对祖国作传声致谢[N].联合报,1957-11-03:3.
28 竹南镇崇敬李政道之母,昨日赠匾一方[N].台湾“中央日报”,1957-11-09:3.
29 李政道之母定月中赴美,不拟前往瑞京[N].台湾“中央日报”,1957-12-01:3.
30 何祚庥.影响了一代人思维的发现[C]//李政道教授八十华诞文集.上海:上海科学技术出版社,2009.100.
31 黄庆桥.杨振宁回国记:父亲曾三赴日内瓦劝其回国[DB/OL].澎湃新闻.(2017-02-22).http://www.thepaper.cn/news Detail_forward_1623773.
(1)大陆译为“拉比”。
(1)大陆译为“罗伯特·塞伯尔”。
(1)“中央日报”和《联合报》发表过多篇访谈李政道母亲张明璋的文章,从不同角度介绍李政道的成长经历。