3个百合品种光合特征的比较研究
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摘要
为阐明不同百合品种的光合特征差异并为其温室栽培提供理论依据,以东方百合品种‘Siberia’和‘Sorbonne’、亚洲百合与喇叭百合的杂交品种‘Conca D or’为试验材料,利用Walz公司生产的GFS-3000光合测定系统和Junior-PAM荧光系统测定了3个百合品种的光合日变化、荧光参数和快速光曲线。结果表明:3个品种净光合速率的日变化为单峰曲线,峰值出现在10:00;其中‘Siberia’的Pn峰值最大,为6.530μmol/(m2·s);气孔导度(Gs)随时间变化呈下降趋势;蒸腾速率(Tr)的日变化亦为单峰曲线,但不同品种峰值出现的时间不同;胞间CO2浓度(Ci)和气孔限制值(Ls)日变化趋势截然相反,呈现早晚高中午低的单谷型和早晚高中午低的单峰型变化,最低值和最高值均出现在10:00。环境因子中,光合有效辐射(PAR)和叶片温度(TL)对Pn直接作用较大,均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01);空气相对湿度(RH)对‘Sorbonne’和‘Conca D or’Pn直接作用较大,但呈负相关。‘Sorbonne’的所有叶绿素荧光参数和快速光曲线参数在3个品种中均最大,且‘Sorbonne’的Ek远远大于另外两个品种,表明其具有很高的耐受强光能力。以上结果说明,日光温室条件下,‘Siberia’的光合能力最强;在‘Sorbonne’的栽培中,可以适当的增加光照,增强光合作用,促进其生长。
To explore the photosynthetic characteristics of different lily cultivars,the diurnal variation of photosynthesis,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and rapid light curve parameters of two cultivars of Oriental hybrids lily: ‘Siberia'and ‘Sorbonne'and one cultivar of Oriental × Trumpetlily ‘Conca D or'were measured by GFS-3000 photosynthetic measurement system and Junior-PAM fluorescence spectrometer. The results showed that the diurnal variations of net photosynthetic rate( Pn) in the three cultivars were unimodal and thepeak value appeared at 10: 00,which indicated there was serious"lunch break".The Pnpeak value of‘Siberia'was 6.530 μmol/( m2·s) and the highest among the 3 cultivars.The stomatal conductance( Gs) decreased with time.The diurnal variations of transpiration rate( Tr) were unimodal as well,while the peak values of different cultivars appeared at different time. The diurnal variation of intercellular CO2 concentration( Ci) and stomatal limitation( Ls) showed the opposite trends,with a single valley pattern and a single peak pattern,the lowest and highest values both appeared at 10: 00.Among environmental factors,photosynthetic active radiation( PAR) and leaf temperature( TL) had a direct significant positive effect on Pn( P<0.01); while the air relative humidity( RH) had a direct negative effect on Pnof ‘Sorbonne'and ‘Conca D or'. All the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and rapid light curve parameters of ‘Sorbonne'were the highest among the 3 cultivars.Moreover,the Ekof‘Sorbonne'was far higher than that of the other two,revealing that it had a high tolerance to strong light.The above results illustrated that ‘Siberia'had the best photosynthetic capacity in greenhouse; and the increasing light intensity could enhance the photosynthesis and promote its growth during cultivation.
To explore the photosynthetic characteristics of different lily cultivars,the diurnal variation of photosynthesis,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and rapid light curve parameters of two cultivars of Oriental hybrids lily: ‘Siberia'and ‘Sorbonne'and one cultivar of Oriental × Trumpetlily ‘Conca D or'were measured by GFS-3000 photosynthetic measurement system and Junior-PAM fluorescence spectrometer. The results showed that the diurnal variations of net photosynthetic rate( Pn) in the three cultivars were unimodal and thepeak value appeared at 10: 00,which indicated there was serious"lunch break".The Pnpeak value of‘Siberia'was 6.530 μmol/( m2·s) and the highest among the 3 cultivars.The stomatal conductance( Gs) decreased with time.The diurnal variations of transpiration rate( Tr) were unimodal as well,while the peak values of different cultivars appeared at different time. The diurnal variation of intercellular CO2 concentration( Ci) and stomatal limitation( Ls) showed the opposite trends,with a single valley pattern and a single peak pattern,the lowest and highest values both appeared at 10: 00.Among environmental factors,photosynthetic active radiation( PAR) and leaf temperature( TL) had a direct significant positive effect on Pn( P<0.01); while the air relative humidity( RH) had a direct negative effect on Pnof ‘Sorbonne'and ‘Conca D or'. All the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and rapid light curve parameters of ‘Sorbonne'were the highest among the 3 cultivars.Moreover,the Ekof‘Sorbonne'was far higher than that of the other two,revealing that it had a high tolerance to strong light.The above results illustrated that ‘Siberia'had the best photosynthetic capacity in greenhouse; and the increasing light intensity could enhance the photosynthesis and promote its growth during cultivation.
引文
[1]李璟,晏晓霞,蔡仕珍,等.三个百合品种光合特性研究[J].黑龙江农业科学,2015(4):60-66.Li J,Yan X X,Cai S Z,et al.Study on the photosynthetic characteristics of three lily cultivars[J].Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences,2015(4):60-66.
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[6]钟程,田鑫,李性苑.两种百合核型及光合作用的比较[J].北方园艺,2016,40(1):61-65.Zhong C,Tian X,Li X Y.Comparison of two lily’s karyotype and photosynthesis[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(1):61-65.
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[8]张亚娟,谢忠奎,赵学勇,等.水分胁迫对东方百合光合特性、叶绿素荧光参数及干物质积累的影响[J].中国沙漠,2011,31(4):884-888.Zhang Y J,Xie Z K,Zhao X Y,et al.Effects of water stress on the photosynthetic characteristics,ChlorophyⅡfluorescence,and dry matter of oriental lilies[J].Journal of Desert Research,2011,31(4):884-888.
[9]吴珍珍.遮阴和水分处理对大百合生理特性的影响[D].成都:四川农业大学,2015:31-32.Wu Z Z.Shade and water treatment effects on Cardiocrinum giganteum physiological characteristics[D].Chengdu:Sichuan Agricultural University,2015:31-32.
[10]喇燕菲,张启翔,潘会堂,等.弱光条件下东方百合的生长发育及光合特性研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2010,32(4):213-217.La Y F,Zhang Q X,Pan H T,et al.Growth,development and photosynthetic characteristics of Lilium oriental hybrids under low light conditions[J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2010,32(4):213-217.
[11]胡昕.干旱和遮荫对2种百合生长及生理特性的影响[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2012:23-25.Hu X.Effects of different drought and shade treatments on the growth and physiological characteristics of two Lilium species[D].Changchun:Jilin Agricultural University,2012:23-25.
[12]张安林,潘远智,姜贝贝,等.遮荫对香水百合光合特性及叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].西南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2011,36(5):163-167.Zhang A L,Pan Y Z,Jiang B B,et al.Effects of shading on photosynthesis and chlorophyⅡfluorescence parameters in Lilium spp.[J].Journal of Southwest China Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2011,36(5):163-167.
[13]吴学尉,丁仁展,屈云慧,等.现代百合品种发展趋势[J].北方园艺,2007(2):51-52.Wu X W,Ding R Z,Qu Y H,et al.The advancement trend of modern lily varieties[J].Northern Horticulture,2007(2):51-52.
[14]蔡宣梅,郭文杰,张洁,等.木门百合试管鳞茎培养体系的建立[J].武夷科学,2016,32(1):110-114.Cai X M,Guo W J,Zhang J,et al.Establishment of tissue culture system of bulblets in tube of Lily Conca D or[J].Wuyi Science Journal,2016,32(1):110-114.
[15]Core Team R.R:a language and environment for statistical computing.R foundation for statistical computing,Vienna,Austria.URL https://www.R-project.org/Felipe de Mendiburu.Statistical procedures for agricultural research[EB/OL].[2017-3-22].https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=agricolae
[16]William R.Procedures for psychological,psychometric,and personality research[EB/OL].[2017-3-22].http://personalityproject.org/r/psych/
[18]Silsbe G M,Kromkamp J C.Modeling the irradiance dependency of the quantum efficiency of photosynthesis[J].Limnology and Oceanography:Methods,2012,10(9):642-652.
[19]许大全.光合作用学[M].北京:科学出版社,2013.Xu D Q.The science of photosynthesis[M].Beijing:Science Press,2013.
[20]韩志国.20种湿地植物的叶绿素荧光特性[D].广州:暨南大学,2006:30-60.Han Z G.ChlorophyⅡfluorescence of 20 species of wetland plants[D].Guangzhou:Jinan University,2006:30-60.
[21]郭燕,李冲,董丽,刘春,等.东方百合‘Siberia’光合作用模型的研究[J].西南农业学报,2012,25(2):433-438.Guo y,Liu C,Dong L,et al.Study on photosynthesis models of oriental lily‘Siberia’[J].Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2012,25(2):433-438.
[22]孙鑫,何亚飞,卢俊芳,等.增温促花对盆栽海棠‘长寿冠’复栽后光合特性日变化的影响[J].江西农业大学学报,2017,39(1):64-71.Sun X,He Y F,Lu J F,et al.Effects of increasing temperature to promote flowering on the diurnal variation of photosynthesis in potted Chaenomeles speciosa(Sweet)Nakai‘Changshouguan’[J].Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis,2017,39(1):64-71.
[23]常玮,李树云,胡虹,等.三个东方百合品种在滇中鳞茎繁育中的光合特性[J].云南植物研究,2007,29(1):109-114.Chang W,Li S Y,Hu H,et al.Photosynthetic characteristic of three varieties of Lilium(Liliaceae)“oriental hybrids”in the middle of Yunnan Province[J].Acta Botanica Yunnanica,2007,29(1):109-114.
[24]杨维,崔光芬,马璐琳,等.低温对OT百合‘Robinna’光合特性的影响[J].农业科技与信息(现代园林),2015,12(4):291-292.Yang W,Cui G F,Ma L L,et al.Effects of low temperature stress on photosynthetic characteristics of cut lily‘Robinna’[J].Modern Landscape Architecture,2015,12(4):291-292.
[25]罗丽兰,石雷,姜闯道,等.不同温度下新铁炮百合幼苗的光合特性及其保护机制[J].园艺学报,2008,35(1):131-136.Luo L L,Shi L,Jiang C D,et al.Photosynthetic characteristics and photoprotective mechanisms under various temperatures in Lilium×formolongo seedlings[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,2008,35(1):131-136.
[26]彭剑涛,赵大芹,王天文,等.低温胁迫下结球白菜的光合及叶绿素荧光特性[J].西南农业学报,2014,27(6):2345-2348.Peng J T,Zhao D Q,Wang T W,et al.Effects of low temperature on photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of Chinese heading cabbage[J].Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2014,27(6):2345-2348.
[27]师生波,Neil Baker,Tracy Lawson,等.不同叶龄拟南芥荧光参数分析及对强光的响应[J].草原与草坪,2011,31(4):51-55.Shi S B,Neil B,Tracy L,et al.Analysis of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves of different ages and its responses to strong light[J].Grassland and Turf,2011,31(4):51-55.
[28]安东升,魏长斌,曹娟,等.甘蔗苗期不同叶位叶绿素荧光特性研究[J].热带作物学报,2015,36(11):2019-2027.An D S,Wei C B,Cao J,et al.The study of chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics on different leaf position of three Sugarcane seedlings cultivars[J].Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops,2015,36(11):2019-2027.
[2]殷振芳.百合(Lilium)离体植株再生及超低温保存研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2014.Yin Z F.Plant regeneration and cryopreservation in lily(Lilium spp.)[D].Yangling:Northwest A&F University,2014.
[3]李姝,姜涛,Ahamd H,等.东方百合栽培育种的研究现状[J].南方农业,2016,10(13):32-36.Li S,Jiang T,Ahamd H,et al.Research status of oriental lily cultivation and breeding[J].South Agricultural China,2016,10(13):32-36.
[4]孙骞.氮素对温室切花百合外观品质影响的模拟研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2013.Sun Q.Quantifying the effect of nitrogen on external quality of cut lily in greenhouse[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University,2013.
[5]张英杰.国产与进口东方百合‘索邦’种球开花进程与切花品质对比研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2013.Zhang Y J.Comparison of flowering process and cut-flower quality of oriental hybrid lily‘Sorbonne’cultivated from domestic and imported bulbs[D].Beijing:Beijing Forestry University,2013.
[6]钟程,田鑫,李性苑.两种百合核型及光合作用的比较[J].北方园艺,2016,40(1):61-65.Zhong C,Tian X,Li X Y.Comparison of two lily’s karyotype and photosynthesis[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(1):61-65.
[7]许东亭,秦丽珊,胡振阳,等.6个百合品种光合特性分析[J].仲恺农业工程学院学报,2015,28(3):17-20.Xu D T,Qin L S,Hu Z Y,et al.Analysis on photosynthetic characteristics of six lily cultivars[J].Journal of Zhongkai University of Agricultural and Engineering,2015,28(3):17-20.
[8]张亚娟,谢忠奎,赵学勇,等.水分胁迫对东方百合光合特性、叶绿素荧光参数及干物质积累的影响[J].中国沙漠,2011,31(4):884-888.Zhang Y J,Xie Z K,Zhao X Y,et al.Effects of water stress on the photosynthetic characteristics,ChlorophyⅡfluorescence,and dry matter of oriental lilies[J].Journal of Desert Research,2011,31(4):884-888.
[9]吴珍珍.遮阴和水分处理对大百合生理特性的影响[D].成都:四川农业大学,2015:31-32.Wu Z Z.Shade and water treatment effects on Cardiocrinum giganteum physiological characteristics[D].Chengdu:Sichuan Agricultural University,2015:31-32.
[10]喇燕菲,张启翔,潘会堂,等.弱光条件下东方百合的生长发育及光合特性研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2010,32(4):213-217.La Y F,Zhang Q X,Pan H T,et al.Growth,development and photosynthetic characteristics of Lilium oriental hybrids under low light conditions[J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2010,32(4):213-217.
[11]胡昕.干旱和遮荫对2种百合生长及生理特性的影响[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2012:23-25.Hu X.Effects of different drought and shade treatments on the growth and physiological characteristics of two Lilium species[D].Changchun:Jilin Agricultural University,2012:23-25.
[12]张安林,潘远智,姜贝贝,等.遮荫对香水百合光合特性及叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].西南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2011,36(5):163-167.Zhang A L,Pan Y Z,Jiang B B,et al.Effects of shading on photosynthesis and chlorophyⅡfluorescence parameters in Lilium spp.[J].Journal of Southwest China Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2011,36(5):163-167.
[13]吴学尉,丁仁展,屈云慧,等.现代百合品种发展趋势[J].北方园艺,2007(2):51-52.Wu X W,Ding R Z,Qu Y H,et al.The advancement trend of modern lily varieties[J].Northern Horticulture,2007(2):51-52.
[14]蔡宣梅,郭文杰,张洁,等.木门百合试管鳞茎培养体系的建立[J].武夷科学,2016,32(1):110-114.Cai X M,Guo W J,Zhang J,et al.Establishment of tissue culture system of bulblets in tube of Lily Conca D or[J].Wuyi Science Journal,2016,32(1):110-114.
[15]Core Team R.R:a language and environment for statistical computing.R foundation for statistical computing,Vienna,Austria.URL https://www.R-project.org/Felipe de Mendiburu.Statistical procedures for agricultural research[EB/OL].[2017-3-22].https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=agricolae
[16]William R.Procedures for psychological,psychometric,and personality research[EB/OL].[2017-3-22].http://personalityproject.org/r/psych/
[18]Silsbe G M,Kromkamp J C.Modeling the irradiance dependency of the quantum efficiency of photosynthesis[J].Limnology and Oceanography:Methods,2012,10(9):642-652.
[19]许大全.光合作用学[M].北京:科学出版社,2013.Xu D Q.The science of photosynthesis[M].Beijing:Science Press,2013.
[20]韩志国.20种湿地植物的叶绿素荧光特性[D].广州:暨南大学,2006:30-60.Han Z G.ChlorophyⅡfluorescence of 20 species of wetland plants[D].Guangzhou:Jinan University,2006:30-60.
[21]郭燕,李冲,董丽,刘春,等.东方百合‘Siberia’光合作用模型的研究[J].西南农业学报,2012,25(2):433-438.Guo y,Liu C,Dong L,et al.Study on photosynthesis models of oriental lily‘Siberia’[J].Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2012,25(2):433-438.
[22]孙鑫,何亚飞,卢俊芳,等.增温促花对盆栽海棠‘长寿冠’复栽后光合特性日变化的影响[J].江西农业大学学报,2017,39(1):64-71.Sun X,He Y F,Lu J F,et al.Effects of increasing temperature to promote flowering on the diurnal variation of photosynthesis in potted Chaenomeles speciosa(Sweet)Nakai‘Changshouguan’[J].Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis,2017,39(1):64-71.
[23]常玮,李树云,胡虹,等.三个东方百合品种在滇中鳞茎繁育中的光合特性[J].云南植物研究,2007,29(1):109-114.Chang W,Li S Y,Hu H,et al.Photosynthetic characteristic of three varieties of Lilium(Liliaceae)“oriental hybrids”in the middle of Yunnan Province[J].Acta Botanica Yunnanica,2007,29(1):109-114.
[24]杨维,崔光芬,马璐琳,等.低温对OT百合‘Robinna’光合特性的影响[J].农业科技与信息(现代园林),2015,12(4):291-292.Yang W,Cui G F,Ma L L,et al.Effects of low temperature stress on photosynthetic characteristics of cut lily‘Robinna’[J].Modern Landscape Architecture,2015,12(4):291-292.
[25]罗丽兰,石雷,姜闯道,等.不同温度下新铁炮百合幼苗的光合特性及其保护机制[J].园艺学报,2008,35(1):131-136.Luo L L,Shi L,Jiang C D,et al.Photosynthetic characteristics and photoprotective mechanisms under various temperatures in Lilium×formolongo seedlings[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,2008,35(1):131-136.
[26]彭剑涛,赵大芹,王天文,等.低温胁迫下结球白菜的光合及叶绿素荧光特性[J].西南农业学报,2014,27(6):2345-2348.Peng J T,Zhao D Q,Wang T W,et al.Effects of low temperature on photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of Chinese heading cabbage[J].Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2014,27(6):2345-2348.
[27]师生波,Neil Baker,Tracy Lawson,等.不同叶龄拟南芥荧光参数分析及对强光的响应[J].草原与草坪,2011,31(4):51-55.Shi S B,Neil B,Tracy L,et al.Analysis of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves of different ages and its responses to strong light[J].Grassland and Turf,2011,31(4):51-55.
[28]安东升,魏长斌,曹娟,等.甘蔗苗期不同叶位叶绿素荧光特性研究[J].热带作物学报,2015,36(11):2019-2027.An D S,Wei C B,Cao J,et al.The study of chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics on different leaf position of three Sugarcane seedlings cultivars[J].Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops,2015,36(11):2019-2027.