手掌参超声波清洁的多因素试验及参数优化研究
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摘要
为了优化根茎类中药材超声波清洁技术的最佳工艺参数,并改善中药材超声波清洁质量,试验选择未经过人工分拣的干燥手掌参为研究对象。以洁净度为试验考核指标,在单因素试验的基础上,通过正交试验和验证试验,分析了超声波功率、超声波频率及清洗时间3个因素对手掌参清洗效果的影响。每个因素设置3个水平,根据正交试验表进行清洗试验,对试验结果采用极差分析的方法进行分析和优化。实验结果表明,影响手掌参洁净度的最主要的因素为超声波功率。当超声功率为600 W、超声波频率为25 k Hz、清洁时间为15 min时,手掌参具有最佳清洁效果,洁净度指数为0.967。实验结果为手掌参清洗企业的生产加工提供了最佳工作参数,并为中草药加工企业的规模化超声波清洁生产加工提供了依据。
In order to optimize the parameters of ultrasonic cleaning technology of rhizome,and to improve the quality of Chinese Medicinal Materials after ultrasonic cleaning,Gymnadenia conopsea R. Br. without manual sorting was chosen as the object. On the basis of single factor test,cleanliness was treated as the evaluation indicators,the ultrasonic power,ultrasonic frequency,cleaning time are analyzed through orthogonal and verification tests. Each factor set 3 levels,cleaning test was conduct according to the orthogonal test table,and the results were analyzed and optimized by means of range analysis. The experimental results show that the most important factor affecting the cleanliness of Gymnadenia conopsea is the ultrasonic power. When the ultrasonic power is 600 W,the ultrasonic frequency is 25 k Hz and the cleaning time is 15 mins,the Gymnadenia conopsea has the best cleaning condition and the cleanliness is of 0.967.The experimental results provide the best parameters for the production and processing of the Gymnadenia conopsea cleaning enterprises,and provide a basis for large-scale ultrasonic cleaning production and processing for Chinese herbal medicine processing enterprises.
In order to optimize the parameters of ultrasonic cleaning technology of rhizome,and to improve the quality of Chinese Medicinal Materials after ultrasonic cleaning,Gymnadenia conopsea R. Br. without manual sorting was chosen as the object. On the basis of single factor test,cleanliness was treated as the evaluation indicators,the ultrasonic power,ultrasonic frequency,cleaning time are analyzed through orthogonal and verification tests. Each factor set 3 levels,cleaning test was conduct according to the orthogonal test table,and the results were analyzed and optimized by means of range analysis. The experimental results show that the most important factor affecting the cleanliness of Gymnadenia conopsea is the ultrasonic power. When the ultrasonic power is 600 W,the ultrasonic frequency is 25 k Hz and the cleaning time is 15 mins,the Gymnadenia conopsea has the best cleaning condition and the cleanliness is of 0.967.The experimental results provide the best parameters for the production and processing of the Gymnadenia conopsea cleaning enterprises,and provide a basis for large-scale ultrasonic cleaning production and processing for Chinese herbal medicine processing enterprises.
引文
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[2]杨帆,刘岱琳,邱峰,王世鑫.手掌参块茎中水溶性化学成分的研究[J].食品研究与开发,2009,30(7):125-128
[3]杨爽,陈竹君,钟政昌,杨春蕾,崔建钊,赵国庆,安克杰.西藏地区野生手掌参生境土壤的养分状况[J].贵州农业科学,2017,45(07):56-60
[4]杨永昌.藏药志[M].西宁:青海人民出版社,1995:246
[5]张海先,王爽,王长生,吉文,许小冰,曾锐.RP-HPLC同时测定藏药手掌参中4种活性成分的含量及气候因子相关分析[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2014,20(4):65-69
[6]薛楠,林鹏程,薛敬,姚晶,刘瑞珂.藏药手掌参药材HPLC指纹图谱研究[J].中药材,2013,36(3):377-381
[7]王浩贵.一种手掌参保健茶:浙江,中国,CN1709117[P].2005-12-21
[8]张秀艳,温爱平.蒙藏药手参属植物的药学研究进展[J].中国民族医药杂志,2014,20(5):63-66
[9]达娃,齐母,洛桑旦增.一种抗疲劳的保健食品及其制备方法[P].中国,CN1792244,2006-06-28
[10]杨师.谈谈藏餐药膳[A].中国药膳研究会.2016年中国药膳学术研讨会论文集[C].中国药膳研究会,2016:3
[11]刘淑梅,李芳蓉,刘凤霞,陈军.超声波清洗机清洗蕨麻的研究[J].中国食品工业,2015,35(11):56-58
[12]吴艳丽,徐峰,王蔚,孙明哲,李春胜,谭宏杰,孙卓.中草药超声波清洗技术的多因素试验研究[J].陕西农业科学,2015,61(9):56-58
[13]刘淑梅,陈军.根类中草药净洗中引进超声波清洗技术的探讨[J].甘肃高师学报,2012,17(5):11-13
[14]孙卓,徐峰,王蔚,孙明哲,王聪,辛子野.中草药超声波清洗技术的理论分析[J].农业与技术,2015(1):72-73
[15]Wijngaarden L.Mechanics of collapsing cavitation bubbles[J].Ultrasonics Sonochemistry,2016,29:524-527
[16]Pokhrel N,Vabbina P,Pala N.Sonochemistry:science and engineering[J].Ultrasonics Sonochemistry,2016,29:104-128
[17]Lamminen M,Walker H,Weavers L.Mechanisms and factors influencing the ultrasonic cleaning of particle-fouled ceramic membranes[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2004,237(1-2):213-223
[18]Chemat F,Khan M.Applications of ultrasound in foodtechnology:processing,preservation and extraction[J].Ultrasonics Sonochemistry,2011,18(4):813-835
[19]王薇薇,孟廷廷,郭丹钊,马海乐,曹颖,王文秀.食品加工中超声波生物学效应的研究进展[J].食品工业科技,2015,36(2):379-383
[20]张学杰,郭科,李琨,王丽,李梅,胡鸿.超声波清洗对胡萝卜和普通白菜洁净度的影响[J].中国蔬菜,2011,(2):89-91
[21]刘瑞江,张业旺,闻崇炜,汤建.正交试验设计和分析方法研究[J].实验技术与管理,2010,27(9):52-55
[22]马少辉,张学军.超声波红枣清洗机工作参数优化[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(15):215-220
[23]何荣海,朱培培,张秀海,张鸣,马海乐.象蒜中蒜素的超声辅助提取工艺研究及其成分GS/MS分析[J].食品工业,2015,36(8):63-67
[24]Statnikov E,Korolkov O,Vityazev V.Physics and mechanism of ultrasonic impact[J].Ultrasonics,2006,44(4):e533-538
[25]张明超.超声清洗影响因素与空化场研究[D].陕西师范大学,2013:16-18
[26]袁世先.超声波果蔬清洗机工作参数的试验及优化[J].农机化研究,2014,36(7):190-194
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[29]李芳蓉,刘淑梅,刘凤霞,陈军.超声波清洗中草药当归的初步研究[J].中兽医医药杂志,2016(6):47-49
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