基于匹配追踪的L模态超声导波检测复合绝缘子芯棒缺陷研究
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摘要
传统的复合绝缘子缺陷检测方法主要集中在芯棒外部结构的缺陷上,并不能有效发现芯棒本身中的缺陷,为此提出了一种针对芯棒本身缺陷且能定量估计缺陷大小的检测方法:基于匹配追踪的L模态超声导波检测。通过建立芯棒模型分析了L模态超声导波在芯棒中的传播特性,确定了导波检测的频率范围。基于理论分析,以10周期40 k Hz的导波为激励信号,选取芯棒缺陷轴向长度为8 mm和2 mm,进行了有限元仿真和实验。仿真和实验结果表明:L模态超声导波能准确地检测出复合绝缘子芯棒中的缺陷,且通过Gabor原子构建波形字典,运用匹配追踪算法估计出芯棒缺陷轴向长度的相对误差分别为5. 4%和16. 35%。理论分析、有限元仿真和实验一起验证了该方法的可行性、有效性,为复合绝缘子芯棒缺陷的检测和定量分析提供了一种新的思路。
Traditional composite insulators defect detection methods were mainly concentrated in the external structure defects of composite insulators rod,and the defects in rod could not be found effectively,so a new method with ability to estimate defect sizes was presented: L modal guided wave detection based on matching pursuit. Theory of guided wave propagating in composite insulators rod was analyzed,relevant dispersion curve of phase velocity and group velocity were obtained. Also,the range of frequency for guided wave detection was determined. Finite element simulation and experiment were carried out with excitation guided wave with 10 cycles at 40 kHz and axial defects in 8 mm and 2 mm according to theory analysis,which showed that L modal guided wave could detect defect of composite insulators rod accurately. In the meanwhile,matching pursuit algorithm was used on the basis of waveform dictionary constructed by Gabor atoms,which showed that the relative erros of axial defect estimated by matching pursuit algorithm is 5. 4% and 16. 35% respectively. Based on thory analysis,finite element simulation and experimrnt,it is advisable and effective to detect defect of composite insulators rod and estimate the specific defect size with L modal guided wave based on matching pursuit.
Traditional composite insulators defect detection methods were mainly concentrated in the external structure defects of composite insulators rod,and the defects in rod could not be found effectively,so a new method with ability to estimate defect sizes was presented: L modal guided wave detection based on matching pursuit. Theory of guided wave propagating in composite insulators rod was analyzed,relevant dispersion curve of phase velocity and group velocity were obtained. Also,the range of frequency for guided wave detection was determined. Finite element simulation and experiment were carried out with excitation guided wave with 10 cycles at 40 kHz and axial defects in 8 mm and 2 mm according to theory analysis,which showed that L modal guided wave could detect defect of composite insulators rod accurately. In the meanwhile,matching pursuit algorithm was used on the basis of waveform dictionary constructed by Gabor atoms,which showed that the relative erros of axial defect estimated by matching pursuit algorithm is 5. 4% and 16. 35% respectively. Based on thory analysis,finite element simulation and experimrnt,it is advisable and effective to detect defect of composite insulators rod and estimate the specific defect size with L modal guided wave based on matching pursuit.
引文
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[19]郑国军,唐志峰,王友钊,等.基于匹配追踪算法的超声导波管道轴向缺陷大小定量分析[J].机械工程学报,2013,49(4):1-5.ZHENG Guojun,TANG Zhifeng,WANG Youzhao,et al. Evaluation of pipe axial defeat through the use of ultrasonic guided wave and matching pursuit[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2013,49(4):1-5.
[20] ROSE J L. Ultrasonic waves in solid media[M]. Cambridge:Cambrige University Press,1999.
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[22] WANG Xiaojuan,TSE P W,MECHEFSKE C K,et al.Experimental investigation of reflection in guided wavebased inspection for the characterization of pipeline defects[J]. NDT&E International,2010,43(4):365-374.
[23]王建龙.石油管道轴向缺陷的超声导波检测[D].杭州:浙江大学,2014.
[24]王秀彦,王智,焦敬品,等.超声导波在管中传播的理论分析与试验研究[J].机械工程学报,2004,40(1):11-16.WANG Xiuyan,WANG Zhi,JIAO Jingpin,et al. Theoretical and experimental studies of ultrasonic guided waves propagation in pipes[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2004,40(1):11-16.
[2]吴军,李晓彬.一种复合绝缘子的寿命评估方法[J].电瓷避雷器,2016(1):17-20.WU Jun,LI Xiaobin. A kind oflife evaluation method for composite insulator[J]. Insulators and Surge Arresters,2016(1):17-20.
[3]刘泽洪.复合绝缘子使用现状及其在特高压输电线路中的应用前景[J].电网技术,2006,30(12):1-7.LIU Zehong. Present situation and prospects of applying composite insulators to UHF transmission lines in China[J]. Power System Technology,2006,30(12):1-7.
[4]卢明,胡文,李黎,等.交流500 k V复合绝缘子芯棒断裂原因分析[J].电瓷避雷器,2015(3):23-28.LU Ming,HU Wen,LI Li,et al. Analysis on the causes of the core rod fracture of 500 k V AC composite insulator[J]. Insulators and Surge Arresters,2015(3):23-28.
[5]黄军凯,曾华荣,杨佳鹏,等.红外热像技术在低零值绝缘子检测中的应用[J].电瓷避雷器,2013,136(2):40-44.HUANG Junkai,ZENG Huarong,YANG Jiapeng,et al.Application of infrared thermal imaging technology to detection of low and zero resistance insulators[J]. Insulators and Surge Arresters,2013,136(2):40-44.
[6]闫文斌,王达达,李卫国,等. X射线对复合绝缘子内部缺陷的透照检测和诊断[J].高压电器,2012,48(10):58-66.YAN Wenbin,WANG Dada,LI Weiguo,et al. Application of X-raytechnology in composite insulators defect diagnosis[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,2012,48(10):58-66.
[7]谢从珍,袁超,何子兰,等.复合绝缘子典型内部缺陷的相控阵检测[J].高电压技术,2014,40(3):837-842.XIE Congzhen,YUAN Chao,HE Zilan,et al. Ultrasonic phased array to inspect typical internal defects of composite insulators[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(3):837-842.
[8]王黎明,李昂,成立,等.基于微波反射法的复合绝缘子无损检测方法[J].高电压技术,2015,41(2):584-591.WANG Liming,LI Ang,CHENG Li,et al. Microwavebased non-destructive testing method on composite insulators[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(2):584-591.
[9]仲亮,李勇,任志刚,等.机器人电场法检测绝缘子的影响因素分析[J].电瓷避雷器,2017(2):148-155.ZHONG Liang,LI Yong,REN Zhigang,et al. Analysis on the influence factor of insulators detection by robots and electric field method[J]. Insulators and Surge Arresters,2017(2):148-155.
[10]袁田,张锐,张勤,等.运行复合绝缘子护套与芯棒界面蚀损问题探讨[J].电瓷避雷器,2015(4):19-24.YUAN Tian,ZHANG Rui,ZHANG Qin,et al. Discussion of the erosion on the interface between housing and core of composite insulators[J]. Insulators and Surge Arresters,2015(4):19-24.
[11]李永昕.绝缘子芯棒缺陷在线视觉检测系统研究[D].北京:北京邮电大学,2015.
[12]卢欣.基于机器视觉的复合绝缘子芯棒表面缺陷检测系统研究[D].吉林:吉林大学通信工程学院,2014.
[13]周邵萍,张蒲根,吕文超,等.基于导波的弯管裂纹缺陷的检测[J].机械工程学报,2015,51(6):58-65.ZHOU Shaoping,ZHANG Pugen,LV Wenchao,et al.Detection of cracks in elbow pipes using guided waves[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2015,51(6):58-65.
[14]吴斌,孙雅欣,何存富,等.全长黏结型锚杆高频超声导波检测应用研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(2):397-403.WU Bin,SUN Yaxin,HE Cunfu,et al. Application of high frequency ultrasonic guided waves to inspection of full-length-bonding bolt[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(2):397-403.
[15] ZHANG X,TANG Z,LUO S,et al. Implementing ultrasonic guided wave mode control in hollow cylinders[C].NDT New Technology&Application Forum,2015 IEEE Far East,2015
[16]杨烁,曹思扬,戴朝华,等.电能质量扰动信号时频原子分解的进化匹配追踪算法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(16):79-86.YANG Shuo,CAO Saiyang,DAI Chaohua,et al. Evolutionary matching pursuit basedtime-frequency atom decomposition for power quality disturbance signals[J]. Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(16):79-86.
[17]肖燕,黄成军,郁惟镛,等.波形匹配追踪算法在多局放脉冲提取中的应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(11):157-162.XIAO Yan,HUANG Chengjun,YU Weiyong,et al. Application of wavelet-based matching pursuits algorithm to multiple partial discharge pulses extraction[J]. Proceedings of the Chinese Society For Electrical Engineering,2005,25(11):157-162.
[18]曲正伟,郝婉茹,王宁.原子分解快速算法在电能质量扰动分析中的应用[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(10):145-150.QU Zhengwei,HAO Wanru,WANG Ning. Application of atomic rapid decomposition algorithm in power quality disturbance analysis[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(10):145-150.
[19]郑国军,唐志峰,王友钊,等.基于匹配追踪算法的超声导波管道轴向缺陷大小定量分析[J].机械工程学报,2013,49(4):1-5.ZHENG Guojun,TANG Zhifeng,WANG Youzhao,et al. Evaluation of pipe axial defeat through the use of ultrasonic guided wave and matching pursuit[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2013,49(4):1-5.
[20] ROSE J L. Ultrasonic waves in solid media[M]. Cambridge:Cambrige University Press,1999.
[21] DEMMA A,CAWLEY P,LOWE M. Scattering of the fundamental shear horizontal mode from steps and nothes in plates[J]. J. Acoust. Soc,2003,113(4):1880-1891.
[22] WANG Xiaojuan,TSE P W,MECHEFSKE C K,et al.Experimental investigation of reflection in guided wavebased inspection for the characterization of pipeline defects[J]. NDT&E International,2010,43(4):365-374.
[23]王建龙.石油管道轴向缺陷的超声导波检测[D].杭州:浙江大学,2014.
[24]王秀彦,王智,焦敬品,等.超声导波在管中传播的理论分析与试验研究[J].机械工程学报,2004,40(1):11-16.WANG Xiuyan,WANG Zhi,JIAO Jingpin,et al. Theoretical and experimental studies of ultrasonic guided waves propagation in pipes[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2004,40(1):11-16.