基于simulator+技术的动态驾驶安全教育系统
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摘要
交通事故频发已经严重影响到了人们的生活,并对社会经济造成了巨大的损失。提升驾驶员的驾驶能力能有效减少驾驶事故发生。聚焦典型违法驾驶行为,基于simulator实验平台开发的沉浸体验式教育系统(DSIES),通过系统教育纠正驾驶行为进而减少事故。通过典型违法驾驶行为致因分析,基于计划行为理论提出"知-教-行"动态教育系统。为验证系统有效性,选取具有代表性的4项违法驾驶行为作为实验对象,42名被试者被随机均分为2组进行传统教育及新型教育。采用描述性统计、显著性方差分析及灰度关联分析方法验证不同教育方式的效果。实验结果表明,新型教育系统能有效提升驾驶员驾驶能力;但随着时间的流逝,教育效果均有所降低。另一方面,该教育系统从短时教育及长时教育效果方面均优于传统教育,通过动态教育系统能有效提高驾驶员危险预测能力、降低交通违法行为。
Traffic accidents have seriously affected people's lives and caused huge social and economic losses in development.An immersive experience education system(DSIES)based on simulator experimental platforms is developed as a new tool for driving training which can help to reduce human error by correcting risky driving behaviors.On the basis of the Theory of Planned Behavior(TPB),a "perception-training-immerse"(PTI)driving simulator-based training model is proposed.Four representative illegal driving behaviors are selected as experimental subjects,42 drivers are randomly divided into two groups for traditional education method and new education method.Descriptive statistics,variance analysis,and gray correlation analysis method are used to verify the results of different educational methods.The results show that the new education system has more effects than traditional education in both short-term and long-term education;however the effects of training decrease with time.Actually,DSIES can effectively improve driving ability,and help drivers to forecast risks and reduce traffic accidents.
Traffic accidents have seriously affected people's lives and caused huge social and economic losses in development.An immersive experience education system(DSIES)based on simulator experimental platforms is developed as a new tool for driving training which can help to reduce human error by correcting risky driving behaviors.On the basis of the Theory of Planned Behavior(TPB),a "perception-training-immerse"(PTI)driving simulator-based training model is proposed.Four representative illegal driving behaviors are selected as experimental subjects,42 drivers are randomly divided into two groups for traditional education method and new education method.Descriptive statistics,variance analysis,and gray correlation analysis method are used to verify the results of different educational methods.The results show that the new education system has more effects than traditional education in both short-term and long-term education;however the effects of training decrease with time.Actually,DSIES can effectively improve driving ability,and help drivers to forecast risks and reduce traffic accidents.
引文
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[19]肖新平,宋中民,李峰.灰技术基础及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.XIAO Xinping,SONG Zhongmin,LI Feng.Ash technology foundation and its application[M].Beijing:Science Press,2005.
[2]闫晓虹.中国交通事故死亡人数连续十余年居世界首位[N/OL].(2008-06-18)[2008-08-22].http://news.qq.com/a/20081207/000186.html.Yan Gang.China′s traffic accident deaths for more than ten years,ranking first in the world[N/OL].(2008-06-18)[2008-08-22].http://news.qq.com/a/20081207/000186.html.
[3]储槐植,闫雨.危险驾驶行为入刑:原因,问题与对策[J].中南民族大学学报:人文社会科学版,2012,32(2):106-111.CHU Huaizhi,YAN Yu.Dangerous driving behavior into punishment:reasons,problems and Countermeasures[J].Journal of South-Central University For Nationalities:Humanities and Social Sciences,2012,32(2):106-111.
[4]严新平,张晖,吴超仲,等.道路交通驾驶行为研究进展及其展望[J].交通信息与安全,2013,31(1):45-51.YAN Xinping,ZHANG Hui,WU Chaozhong,et al.Research progress and prospect of road traffic driving behavior[J].Journal of Transport Information and Safety,2013(1):45-51.
[5]李振福.基于交通文化的交通安全策略[J].中国安全科学学报,2004,14(9):64-67.LI Zhenfu.Traffic safety strategy based on traffic culture[J].Chinese Journal of Safety Science,2004,14(9):64-67.
[6]都萌,傅华娟,马红.驾驶员危险预测能力分析[J].现代商贸工业,2009,21(22):144-145.DOU Meng,FU Huajuan,MA Hong.Analysis of driver′s ability to predict danger[J].Modern Trade and Industry,2009,21(22):144-145.
[7]MILLARD C B.The Effectiveness of an emergency and defensive driving techniques course component:Analyzing student response to searching,identifying,predicting,deciding and executing skills[D].Richmond,KY,USA:Eastern Kentucky University,2013.
[8]刘晶晶.驾驶危险性预测及3D交通危险场景模拟研究[D].西安:长安大学,2012.LIU Jingjing.Study on driving risk prediction and3Dtraffic risk scene[D].Xi′an:Chang′an University,2012.
[9]都萌.驾驶员危险预测能力研究及基于可视化仿真技术的预测能力训练系统[D].西安:长安大学,2008.DOU Meng.Research on driver′s risk prediction ability and prediction ability training system based on visual simulation technology[D].Xi′an:Chang′an University,2008.
[10]ISLER R B,STARKEY N J,WILLIAMSON AR.Video-based road commentary training improves hazard perception of young drivers in a dual task[J].Accident Analysis&Prevention,2009,41(3):445-452.
[11]赵亮.汽车驾驶行为理论及基于3D的危险感受性计算机模拟系统研究[D].西安:长安大学,2005.ZHAO Liang.Automobile driving behavior theory and Research on 3D based computer simulation system for hazard sensitivity[D].Xi′an:Chang′an University,2005.
[12]张爱红,常宇,李帅佶.基于多媒体技术的驾驶人交通安全教育系统[J].交通信息与安全,2013(2):45-51.ZHANG Aihong,CHANG Yu,LI Shuai Ji.Multimedia technology system of traffic safety education of drivers and security based on[J].Journal of Transport Information and Safety,2013(2):45-51.
[13]王秋良,孙婷婷,董妍.道路交通违法行为研究:基于计划行为理论的视角[J].心理科学进展,2005(23):25-31.WANG Qiuliang,SUN Tingting,DONG Yan.Research on road traffic violations:from the perspective of planned behavior theory[J].advances in psychological science,2005(23):25-31.
[14]ZHOU R G.,HORREY W J,YU R F.The effect of conformity tendency on pedestrians′road-crossing intentions in China:An application of the theory of planned behavior[J].Accident Analysis and Prevention,2009,41(3):491-497.
[15]CASTANIER C,DEROCHE T,WOODMAN T.Theory of planned behavior and road violations:The moderating influence of perceived behavioral control[J].Transportation Research Part F:Traffic Psychology and Behavior,2013(18):148-158.
[16]STEG L,van BRUSSEL A.Accidents,aberrant behaviors,and speeding of young moped riders[J].Transportation Research Part F:Traffic Psychology and Behavior,2009,12(6):503-511.
[17]刘思峰,党耀国,方志耕.灰色系统理论及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.LIU Sifeng,DANG Yaoguo,FANG Zhigeng.Grey system theory and its application[M].Beijing:Science Press,2004.
[18]邓聚龙.灰色系统基本方法[M].武汉:华中理工大学出版社,1988.DENG Julong.Basic method of grey system[M].Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology Press,1988.
[19]肖新平,宋中民,李峰.灰技术基础及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.XIAO Xinping,SONG Zhongmin,LI Feng.Ash technology foundation and its application[M].Beijing:Science Press,2005.