采用总安全系数法对几个隧道设计问题的探讨
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摘要
研究目的:目前复合式衬砌支护参数的设计以工程类比法为主,无法得出安全系数,因而设计施工中经常对锚杆设置、隧道承载主体、支护参数优化等问题存在争议。本文采用总安全系数法对这些争议问题进行探讨,并提出相关建议。研究结论:(1)因实测锚杆轴力小而少设或不设锚杆,会降低结构的总安全系数;目前采用的砂浆锚杆耐久性不足,仅对施工阶段和运营初期的安全性有作用;如采用耐久性锚杆,则大部分隧道的喷层厚度可减少;(2)在满足施工和运营总安全系数的前提下,复合式衬砌可以有多种设计方案,且初期支护、二次衬砌都是承载主体,最为合理的方案除考虑经济性、耐久性等因素外,还应保证喷层与二衬具有合理的强度匹配;(3)建议根据地层条件、埋深、地下水发育情况进行支护参数的优化;(4)本研究成果可为隧道优化设计提供思路和方法。
Research purposes:At present,the design of support parameters of composite lining is mainly based on engineering analogy method,so the concrete safety factor cannot be obtained,and there are often several controversial issues such as the bolts setting,tunnel bearing main body and parameter optimization in the design and construction.In this paper,these controversial issues are discussed by the total safety factor method,and relevant suggestions are proposed.Research conclusions:(1) If there are few or no bolts setting in the tunnel because of the small test axial force,the total safety factor will be reduced,and the durability of the bolts currently used in the groundwater development area is insufficient,which only plays a role in the safety of the construction stage and the initial operation period.If guaranteeing the durability of the bolt,the thickness of the shotcrete layer can be reduced appropriately.(2) On the premise of satisfying the total safety factor of construction and operation,the composite lining can be designed in many schemes,and primary support and secondary lining are both the main bearing bodies.And the most reasonable scheme should not only take into account economic and durability,but also ensure that the shotcrete layer and the secondary lining have reasonable strength matching.(3) It is suggested to divide the supporting parameters according to geological conditions,buried depth and groundwater developmental condition.(4) The research results can provide ideas and methods for tunnel optimization design.
Research purposes:At present,the design of support parameters of composite lining is mainly based on engineering analogy method,so the concrete safety factor cannot be obtained,and there are often several controversial issues such as the bolts setting,tunnel bearing main body and parameter optimization in the design and construction.In this paper,these controversial issues are discussed by the total safety factor method,and relevant suggestions are proposed.Research conclusions:(1) If there are few or no bolts setting in the tunnel because of the small test axial force,the total safety factor will be reduced,and the durability of the bolts currently used in the groundwater development area is insufficient,which only plays a role in the safety of the construction stage and the initial operation period.If guaranteeing the durability of the bolt,the thickness of the shotcrete layer can be reduced appropriately.(2) On the premise of satisfying the total safety factor of construction and operation,the composite lining can be designed in many schemes,and primary support and secondary lining are both the main bearing bodies.And the most reasonable scheme should not only take into account economic and durability,but also ensure that the shotcrete layer and the secondary lining have reasonable strength matching.(3) It is suggested to divide the supporting parameters according to geological conditions,buried depth and groundwater developmental condition.(4) The research results can provide ideas and methods for tunnel optimization design.
引文
[1]王梦恕,等.中国隧道及地下工程修建技术[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2010.Wang Mengshu,etc.Tunneling and Underground Engineering Technology in China[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,2010.
[2]王建宇.锚杆是一种优化的隧道围岩支护形式[J].现代隧道技术,2014(3):1-6.Wang Jianyu.Rock Bolts:An Optimized Ground Support System in Tunnelling[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2014(3):1-6.
[3]通隧[2008]0301,铁路工程建设通用参考图:时速350公里客运专线铁路双线隧道复合式衬砌[Z].北京:铁道部经济规划研究院,2008.Tongsui[2008]0301,Composite Lining of Double Track Railway Tunnel for Passenger Dedicated Line with Speed of 350 Kilometers Per Hour[S].Beijing:China Railway Economic and Planning Research Institute,2008.
[4]肖明清.复合式衬砌隧道的总安全系数设计方法探讨[J].铁道工程学报,2018(1):84-88.Xiao Mingqing.Discussion on Design Method of General Safety Factor of Composite Lining Tunnel[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2018(1):84-88.
[5]肖明清,王少锋,陈立保,等.基于荷载结构法的隧道初期支护设计方法研究[J].铁道工程学报,2018(4):60-64..Xiao Mingqing,Wang Shaofeng,Chen Libao,etc.Research on the Design Method of Primary Support of Tunnel Based on the Load-structure Method[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2018(4):60-64.
[6]肖明清,陈立保,徐晨,等.高速铁路隧道支护参数的计算研究[J].隧道建设,2018(3):406-413.Xiao Mingqing,Chen Libao,Xu Chen,etc.Calculation Study of Support Parameters of Highspeed Railway Tunnel[J].Tunnel Construction,2018(3):406-413.
[7]GB 50330-2013,建筑边坡工程技术规范[S].GB 50330-2013,Technical Code for Building Slope Engineering[S].
[8]Tan Y.,Smith J.,Li C.Q.,etc.Calcium Leach of a Concrete Lining under Aggressive Groundwater Conditions[C]//World Tunnel Congress,2017.
[2]王建宇.锚杆是一种优化的隧道围岩支护形式[J].现代隧道技术,2014(3):1-6.Wang Jianyu.Rock Bolts:An Optimized Ground Support System in Tunnelling[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2014(3):1-6.
[3]通隧[2008]0301,铁路工程建设通用参考图:时速350公里客运专线铁路双线隧道复合式衬砌[Z].北京:铁道部经济规划研究院,2008.Tongsui[2008]0301,Composite Lining of Double Track Railway Tunnel for Passenger Dedicated Line with Speed of 350 Kilometers Per Hour[S].Beijing:China Railway Economic and Planning Research Institute,2008.
[4]肖明清.复合式衬砌隧道的总安全系数设计方法探讨[J].铁道工程学报,2018(1):84-88.Xiao Mingqing.Discussion on Design Method of General Safety Factor of Composite Lining Tunnel[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2018(1):84-88.
[5]肖明清,王少锋,陈立保,等.基于荷载结构法的隧道初期支护设计方法研究[J].铁道工程学报,2018(4):60-64..Xiao Mingqing,Wang Shaofeng,Chen Libao,etc.Research on the Design Method of Primary Support of Tunnel Based on the Load-structure Method[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2018(4):60-64.
[6]肖明清,陈立保,徐晨,等.高速铁路隧道支护参数的计算研究[J].隧道建设,2018(3):406-413.Xiao Mingqing,Chen Libao,Xu Chen,etc.Calculation Study of Support Parameters of Highspeed Railway Tunnel[J].Tunnel Construction,2018(3):406-413.
[7]GB 50330-2013,建筑边坡工程技术规范[S].GB 50330-2013,Technical Code for Building Slope Engineering[S].
[8]Tan Y.,Smith J.,Li C.Q.,etc.Calcium Leach of a Concrete Lining under Aggressive Groundwater Conditions[C]//World Tunnel Congress,2017.