TCS和PCB153联合暴露对斑马鱼肝脏SOD和MDA的影响
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摘要
目的探讨三氯生(TCS)和PCB153联合暴露对斑马鱼肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响。方法将成年斑马鱼暴露于不同浓度的TCS染毒溶液,连续观察96 h,记录斑马鱼死亡情况,计算斑马鱼半数致死浓度(96 h-LC50),并依此设置联合暴露剂量;分别以0、0.125和0.5μmol/L作为TCS染毒剂量,以0、0.05和0.2μmol/L作为PCB153染毒剂量设置联合暴露组,对成年斑马鱼(每组12条,雌雄各半)染毒;染毒后第5、10和14天取斑马鱼肝脏检测SOD活性和MDA含量,分析TCS、PCB153的交互作用。结果 TCS对成年斑马鱼的96 h-LC50为2.64μmol/L (95%CI:2.37～2.89μmol/L)。染毒后第5天,0.5μmol/L TCS+0.2μmol/L PCB153联合暴露组斑马鱼肝脏SOD活性均低于同浓度TCS、PCB153单一暴露组和对照组(P<0.05);染毒后第10天,0.125μmol/L TCS+0.05μmol/L PCB153、0.5μmol/L TCS+0.05μmol/L PCB153联合暴露组斑马鱼肝脏SOD活性均低于同浓度TCS、PCB153单一暴露组和对照组(P<0.05);染毒后第14天,0.5μmol/L TCS+0.05μmol/L PCB153、0.5μmol/L TCS+0.2μmol/L PCB153联合暴露组斑马鱼肝脏SOD活性均高于同浓度TCS、PCB153单一暴露组和对照组(P<0.05)。TCS、PCB153联合暴露对斑马鱼肝脏SOD活性的影响具有交互作用(P<0.05),对MDA含量无明显影响(P>0.05)。结论 TCS和PCB153联合暴露可使斑马鱼肝脏SOD活性先抑制后增强,两者为协同作用。
Objective To investigate the combined effects of triclosan(TCS) and PCB153 on the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and the concentration of malondialdehyde(MDA) in zebrafish liver. Methods Adult zebrafish were exposed to a series of concentrations of TCS, and the mortality in each group was observed and recorded during the acute toxicity test process. The concentrations in subsequent combined exposure experiments were arranged on the basis of the 96 h-LC50. The factorial design was used to determine the concentrations of combined exposure groups between TCS(0,0.125,0.5 μmol/L)and PCB153(0,0.05,0.2 μmol/L). After 5,10 and 14 days of exposure,the zebrafish livers were dissected and frozen in each group. The potential interactions of these two compounds were analyzed according to the results of the SOD and MDA.Results The 96 h-LC50 of TCS exposed to adult zebrafish was 2.64 μmol/L(95%CI:2.37-2.89 μmol/L). After 5 days of exposure,combined exposure to 0.5 μmol/L TCS+0.2 μmol/L PCB153 caused lower liver SOD activities than single exposure groups and the control group(P<0.05). After 10 days of exposure,combined exposure to 0.125 μmol/L TCS+0.05 μmol/L PCB153,0.5 μmol/L TCS+0.05 μmol/L PCB153 caused lower liver SOD activities than single exposure groups and the control group(P <0.05). After 14 days of exposure, combined exposure to 0.5 μmol/L TCS+0.05 μmol/L PCB153, 0.5 μmol/L TCS+0.2 μmol/L PCB153 caused higher liver SOD activities than single exposure groups and the control group(P <0.05).There was an interactive effect between TCS and PCB153 on the liver SOD activity in zebrafish(P <0.05). There was no significant effect of MDA content in each group. Conclusion Combined exposure to TCS and PCB153 could enhance(inhibit first) the liver SOD activities in zebrafish,and the interaction was synergistic.
Objective To investigate the combined effects of triclosan(TCS) and PCB153 on the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and the concentration of malondialdehyde(MDA) in zebrafish liver. Methods Adult zebrafish were exposed to a series of concentrations of TCS, and the mortality in each group was observed and recorded during the acute toxicity test process. The concentrations in subsequent combined exposure experiments were arranged on the basis of the 96 h-LC50. The factorial design was used to determine the concentrations of combined exposure groups between TCS(0,0.125,0.5 μmol/L)and PCB153(0,0.05,0.2 μmol/L). After 5,10 and 14 days of exposure,the zebrafish livers were dissected and frozen in each group. The potential interactions of these two compounds were analyzed according to the results of the SOD and MDA.Results The 96 h-LC50 of TCS exposed to adult zebrafish was 2.64 μmol/L(95%CI:2.37-2.89 μmol/L). After 5 days of exposure,combined exposure to 0.5 μmol/L TCS+0.2 μmol/L PCB153 caused lower liver SOD activities than single exposure groups and the control group(P<0.05). After 10 days of exposure,combined exposure to 0.125 μmol/L TCS+0.05 μmol/L PCB153,0.5 μmol/L TCS+0.05 μmol/L PCB153 caused lower liver SOD activities than single exposure groups and the control group(P <0.05). After 14 days of exposure, combined exposure to 0.5 μmol/L TCS+0.05 μmol/L PCB153, 0.5 μmol/L TCS+0.2 μmol/L PCB153 caused higher liver SOD activities than single exposure groups and the control group(P <0.05).There was an interactive effect between TCS and PCB153 on the liver SOD activity in zebrafish(P <0.05). There was no significant effect of MDA content in each group. Conclusion Combined exposure to TCS and PCB153 could enhance(inhibit first) the liver SOD activities in zebrafish,and the interaction was synergistic.
引文
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[18]徐娟,吴南翔,陈琼姜,等.Aroclor1254对斑马鱼胚胎发育、肝脏组织结构及其卵黄蛋白原基因的影响[J].环境与职业医学,2011,28(9):577-581.
[19]LOU J,SONG P,WU N,et al.Chemokine(C-C motif)ligand22 is down-regulated in a human B lymphoblastoid cell line by PCB153 and in residents from PCBs-contaminated areas[J].Mutat Res,2013,752(1-2):21-27.
[20]US Environmental Protection Agency.Supplementary guidance for conducting health risk assessment of chemical mixtures[EB/OL].[2018-09-28].http://www.epa.gov/raf/publications/pdfs.
[21]ABREU I A,CABELLI D E.Superoxide dismutases-a review of the metal-associated mechanistic variations[J].Biochim Biophys Acta,2010,1804(2):263-274.
[22]LYKKESFELDT J.Malondialdehyde as biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking[J].Clin Chim Acta,2007,380(1-2):50-58.
[23]SIES H.Oxidative stress:a concept in redox biology and medicine[J].Redox Biol,2015,4:180-183.
[2]BEDOUX G,ROIG B,THOMAS O,et al.Occurrence and toxicity of antimicrobial triclosan and by-products in the environment[J].Environ Sci Pollut Res Int,2012,19(4):1044-1065.
[3]ZHU W,ZHANG H,TONG C,et al.Environmental exposure to triclosan and semen quality[J].Int J Environ Res Public Health,2016,13(2):224-235.
[4]YIN J,WEI L,SHI Y,et al.Chinese population exposure to triclosan and triclocarban as measured via human urine and nails[J].Environ Geochem Health,2016,38(5):1125-1135.
[5]金辰烨,陈依明,张佩祺,等.人群三氯生暴露水平研究进展[J].中华预防医学杂志,2016,50(3):285-288.
[6]HALDEN R U,LINDEMAN A E,AIELLO A E,et al.The florence statement on triclosan and triclocarban[J].Environ Health Perspect,2017,125(6):e064501.
[7]ZANI C,TONINELLI G,FILISETTI B,et al.Polychlorinated biphenyls and cancer:an epidemiological assessment[J].J Environ Sci Health C Environ Carcinog Ecotoxicol Rev,2013,31(2):99-144.
[8]FAROON O,RUIZ P.Polychlorinated biphenyls:new evidence from the last decade[J].Toxicol Ind Health,2016,32(11):1825-1847.
[9]MING-CH'ENG ADAMS C I,BAKER J E,KJELLERUP B V.Toxicological effects of polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs)on freshwater turtles in the United States[J].Chemosphere,2016,154:148-154.
[10]SPANO M,TOFT G,HAGMAR L,et al.Exposure to PCB and p,p'-DDE in European and Inuit populations:impact on human sperm chromatin integrity[J].Hum Reprod,2005,20(12):3488-3499.
[11]孙冰,许慧慧,黄超,等.环境毒理学研究的重要模式生物---斑马鱼[J].环境与职业医学,2016,33(6):610-614.
[12]夏勇,徐彩菊,傅剑云,等.五氯酚钠诱导斑马鱼体细胞p53基因突变的克隆测序研究[J].预防医学,2017,29(4):325-329.
[13]DE S,GHOSH S,CHATTERJEE R,et al.PCB congener specific oxidative stress response by microarray analysis using human liver cell line[J].Environ Int,2010,36(8):907-917.
[14]刘贝贝,陈剑锋,张勇.多氯联苯的肝毒性研究进展[J].环境与健康杂志,2009,26(1):90-92.
[15]WANG F,XU R,ZHENG F,et al.Effects of triclosan on acute toxicity,genetic toxicity and oxidative stress in goldfish(Carassius auratus)[J].Exp Anim,2018,67(2):219-227.
[16]Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development.Short guidance on the threshold approach for acute fish toxicity[EB/OL].(2010-05-31)[2018-09-28].http://www.oecd.org/officialdocuments/publicdisplaydocumentpdf/?cote=ENV/JM/MON(2010)17&docLanguage=En.
[17]中华人民共和国国家环境保护总局.水质物质对淡水鱼(斑马鱼)急性毒性测定方法:GB/T 13267-1991[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1992.
[18]徐娟,吴南翔,陈琼姜,等.Aroclor1254对斑马鱼胚胎发育、肝脏组织结构及其卵黄蛋白原基因的影响[J].环境与职业医学,2011,28(9):577-581.
[19]LOU J,SONG P,WU N,et al.Chemokine(C-C motif)ligand22 is down-regulated in a human B lymphoblastoid cell line by PCB153 and in residents from PCBs-contaminated areas[J].Mutat Res,2013,752(1-2):21-27.
[20]US Environmental Protection Agency.Supplementary guidance for conducting health risk assessment of chemical mixtures[EB/OL].[2018-09-28].http://www.epa.gov/raf/publications/pdfs.
[21]ABREU I A,CABELLI D E.Superoxide dismutases-a review of the metal-associated mechanistic variations[J].Biochim Biophys Acta,2010,1804(2):263-274.
[22]LYKKESFELDT J.Malondialdehyde as biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking[J].Clin Chim Acta,2007,380(1-2):50-58.
[23]SIES H.Oxidative stress:a concept in redox biology and medicine[J].Redox Biol,2015,4:180-183.