降雨条件下云南某铜矿露天边坡稳定性分析
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摘要
边坡稳定性分析是关系到露天采场安全生产的核心问题,而大多数滑坡都是发生在雨季或降雨后的短时间内,因此在边坡稳定性分析中合理地考虑降雨作用的影响是十分必要的。以云南某铜矿露天采场为例,利用UDEC离散元软件,采用饱水状态下岩体物理力学参数,对处于降雨状态下的边坡稳定性进行了模拟分析。根据工程施工的实际情况,分别模拟了该边坡初始状态和5个开挖步骤共6个阶段的稳定性状态。结果表明:在降雨条件下,随着该边坡坡脚的开挖,坡体下部逐渐失去了支撑作用,安全系数降低至1以下时,上覆岩层便会沿着软弱夹层发生下滑;软弱夹层的强度是控制该段采场边坡稳定性的决定因素,降雨是边坡失稳的重要诱发因素;因此,后期生产要加强对软弱夹层的监测,必要时可进行工程处置,另外要做好边坡的排水工作。
Stability analysis of slope is the core issue for safe production of open pit mining. Most of landslides occur in rainy seasons or a short time after rainfall. So the effect of rainfall should be taken into consideration in the analysis of slope stability. The stability of the opencast slope of a copper mine in Yunnan Province was analyzed by the simulation of UDEC software based on the physico-mechanical parameters under water-saturated state. Based on the genuine condition of the engineering construction,the simulation analysis was divided into six steps including the original state of the slope and five excavation steps. The results show that the lower slope gradually lost support with the excavation in slope foot,and the overlying strata will slide along the weak intercalated layer when safety factor reduces to less than 1.The strength of the soft interlayer controls the stability of the stope slope,and rainfall is an important inducing factor of the slope instability. Therefore,the monitoring of the weak intercalations must be strengthened in later production,and conducted engineering treatment when necessary. In addition,it is also very important to deal with slope drainage appropriately.
Stability analysis of slope is the core issue for safe production of open pit mining. Most of landslides occur in rainy seasons or a short time after rainfall. So the effect of rainfall should be taken into consideration in the analysis of slope stability. The stability of the opencast slope of a copper mine in Yunnan Province was analyzed by the simulation of UDEC software based on the physico-mechanical parameters under water-saturated state. Based on the genuine condition of the engineering construction,the simulation analysis was divided into six steps including the original state of the slope and five excavation steps. The results show that the lower slope gradually lost support with the excavation in slope foot,and the overlying strata will slide along the weak intercalated layer when safety factor reduces to less than 1.The strength of the soft interlayer controls the stability of the stope slope,and rainfall is an important inducing factor of the slope instability. Therefore,the monitoring of the weak intercalations must be strengthened in later production,and conducted engineering treatment when necessary. In addition,it is also very important to deal with slope drainage appropriately.
引文
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[2]任克峰,候立平,连云飞,等.边坡破坏影响因素及其防治措施[J].科学技术与工程,2008,8(6):1623-1625.
[3]胡柳青,李夕兵.边坡稳定性研究及其发展趋势[J].矿业研究与开发,2000,20(5):7-8.
[4]舒继森,唐震,才庆祥.水力学作用下顺层岩质边坡稳定性研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2012,41(4):521-525.
[5]施凤英,张强,王宇辉.考虑雨水入渗的边坡稳定分析方法[J].现代矿业,2005,24(12):25-27.
[6]倪凯军,安海堂,张卫强,等.降雨入渗对边坡稳定性影响的试验研究[J].现代矿业,2015(11):176-179.
[7]周宏博,孙树林,尚文涛,等.降雨雨型和强度对土边坡稳定性影响分析[J].科学技术与工程,2012,12(11):2602-2606.
[8]戚国庆,黄润秋,速宝玉,等.岩质边坡降雨入渗过程的数值模拟[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(4):625-629.
[9]田斌,童富果,戴会超.降雨条件下清江古树包滑坡体稳定性有限元分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(s2):5301-5307.
[10]张卓,练继建,杨晓慧,等.岩质边坡在降雨条件下的稳定性分析[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2009,41(10):202-205.
[11]张艳博,李海洋,邱宇,等.水对露天矿山边坡致灾机理及治坡研究[J].金属矿山,2016,45(12):144-149.
[12]何兆昆.浅析宝坪铜矿成矿地质条件[J].矿产勘查,1999,8(6):435-438.
[13]钟康惠,刘肇昌,舒良树,等.云南永胜宝坪滑覆构造聚矿[J].矿床地质,2003,22(3):226-233.