基于视觉负荷的高速公路隧道限速值的研究
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摘要
本文为了确定高速公路隧道内提速方案具体的限速值,通过选取多条有提速需求的典型高速公路隧道进行试验,通过瞳孔面积变化率表征驾驶人在隧道内的视觉负荷程度。根据瞳孔面积变化率与机动车临界速度之间的关系,得到满足明、暗适应的视觉负荷程度对应的机动车临界速度值,取机动车临界速度分析车辆进出高速公路隧道时由于明、暗适应引起的速度变化规律;提出了以机动车临界速度值和全线提速方案对应的隧道限速值,取两者最小值作为隧道最终提速方案的限速值,然后对隧道限速原则进行修正,最后确定了原隧道路段限速60km/h、80km/h时的提速方案的具体限速值。研究结果表明:对于满足提速要求的隧道路段,原限速60km/h时,提速后的限速值取80km/h较合适;原隧道路段限速80km/h时,提速后的限速值取90km/h较合适。本文的研究具有安全性、可靠性,为日后隧道限速提供了相应参考。
In order to determine the specific speed limit of the speed increase plan in the highway tunnel,tests are conducted by selecting a number of typical tunnels with speed-increasing requirements in their highways.The visual load of the drivers in the tunnel is characterized by the value of pupil area change rate. According to the relationship between the vehicle critical speed and the value of pupil area change rate,the vehicle critical speed value corresponding to the visual load of tunnel light and dark adaptation is obtained. The vehicle critical speed is taken to analyze the speed change law of the vehicle due to light and dark adaptations in the tunnel. In addition,the minimum value of the two as the increase plan's final speed limit value,which are the vehicle critical speed and the tunnel speed limit value corresponding to the whole highway speed increase plan. Then the principle of the speed limit of the tunnel was revised. Finally,the tunnel's specific speed limit of the speed increase plan was determined,which the speed limit of the original tunnel section is 60 km/h and 80 km/h. The results show that for a tunnel which meets the speed-up condition,when the speed limit of the original tunnel section is 60 km/h,the tunnel increase plan's speed limit value should be 80 km/h; when the speed limit of the original tunnel section is80 km/h,the tunnel increase plan's speed limit value should be 90 km/h. The research results of this paper are safe and reliable,and can provide corresponding reference for future tunnel speed limit.
In order to determine the specific speed limit of the speed increase plan in the highway tunnel,tests are conducted by selecting a number of typical tunnels with speed-increasing requirements in their highways.The visual load of the drivers in the tunnel is characterized by the value of pupil area change rate. According to the relationship between the vehicle critical speed and the value of pupil area change rate,the vehicle critical speed value corresponding to the visual load of tunnel light and dark adaptation is obtained. The vehicle critical speed is taken to analyze the speed change law of the vehicle due to light and dark adaptations in the tunnel. In addition,the minimum value of the two as the increase plan's final speed limit value,which are the vehicle critical speed and the tunnel speed limit value corresponding to the whole highway speed increase plan. Then the principle of the speed limit of the tunnel was revised. Finally,the tunnel's specific speed limit of the speed increase plan was determined,which the speed limit of the original tunnel section is 60 km/h and 80 km/h. The results show that for a tunnel which meets the speed-up condition,when the speed limit of the original tunnel section is 60 km/h,the tunnel increase plan's speed limit value should be 80 km/h; when the speed limit of the original tunnel section is80 km/h,the tunnel increase plan's speed limit value should be 90 km/h. The research results of this paper are safe and reliable,and can provide corresponding reference for future tunnel speed limit.
引文
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[7] Elek Ludvigh,James W. Miller. Study of Visual Acuity during the Ocular Pursuit of Moving Test Objects. I. Introduction[J]. J Opt Soc Am,1958,48(11):799-802.
[8] American Association of State Highway,Transportation Officials. A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets[M]. Washington,2004.
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[10]马勇.基于眼动分析的汽车驾驶员视觉搜索模式研究[D].长安大学,2006.
[2]裴古安.公路安全保障技术研究[D].西安:长安大学,2007.
[3]周华生.视力检测反应时间与视力及视力结果关系的探讨[J].北京医学,2006,28(8):486-488.
[4]杜志刚,潘晓东,郭雪斌.公路隧道进出口行车安全评价指标应用研究[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,2008,36(3):325-329.
[5] Hayami T,Matsunaga K,Shidoji K,et al. Detecting Drowsiness While Driving by Measuring Eye Movement-a Pilot Study[C]//The IEEE,International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2002. Proceedings.IEEE,2002:156-161.
[6] Messer C J. Methodology for Evaluating Geometric Design Consistency[R]. Transportation Research Record,1980.
[7] Elek Ludvigh,James W. Miller. Study of Visual Acuity during the Ocular Pursuit of Moving Test Objects. I. Introduction[J]. J Opt Soc Am,1958,48(11):799-802.
[8] American Association of State Highway,Transportation Officials. A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets[M]. Washington,2004.
[9]杜志刚,蒋宏,潘晓东.眼动仪在道路交通安全与环境评价中的应用[C]//全国公路科技创新高层论坛,2006.
[10]马勇.基于眼动分析的汽车驾驶员视觉搜索模式研究[D].长安大学,2006.