基于声学方法的水产养殖投饲反馈技术研究进展
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摘要
目前水产养殖常用的投饲方法是定时定量投喂,往往导致投饲不足或过量。通过监测养殖对象摄食状态为投饲控制提供有效反馈信息,能够根据养殖对象食欲实时调整投饲量,满足摄食需求并减少饲料浪费。声学方法由于其固有的物理特性可以在浑浊水体中测量养殖对象摄食状态。本文介绍了残余饲料检测、鱼群空间分布监测和摄食声音监测这3种基于声学方法的投饲反馈技术,总结了近30年来国内外研究进展,对不同反馈技术的特点和问题进行了分析,并提出声学方法需要与其他反馈技术和投饲量预估方法结合使用,以满足复杂养殖条件下精准投饲要求。
Timing and quantitative feeding methods are commonly used in aquaculture,which often leads to inadequate or excessive feeding.Monitoring feeding status of aquaculture objects to provide effective feedback information for feeding control can adjust feeding amount in real time according to appetite,meet feeding demand and reduce feed waste.Because of its inherent physical characteristics,acoustic method can be used to measure the feeding status of aquaculture objects in turbid water.This paper introduces three feeding feedback techniques based on acoustic methods,including residual feed detection,fish spatial distribution monitoring and feeding sound monitoring,summarizes the progress of research in the past 30 years at home and abroad,analyzes the characteristics and problems of different feedback techniques,and proposes that acoustic methods should be combined with other feedback techniques and feeding amount prediction methods to meet the requirements of precision feeding under complex aquaculture conditions.
Timing and quantitative feeding methods are commonly used in aquaculture,which often leads to inadequate or excessive feeding.Monitoring feeding status of aquaculture objects to provide effective feedback information for feeding control can adjust feeding amount in real time according to appetite,meet feeding demand and reduce feed waste.Because of its inherent physical characteristics,acoustic method can be used to measure the feeding status of aquaculture objects in turbid water.This paper introduces three feeding feedback techniques based on acoustic methods,including residual feed detection,fish spatial distribution monitoring and feeding sound monitoring,summarizes the progress of research in the past 30 years at home and abroad,analyzes the characteristics and problems of different feedback techniques,and proposes that acoustic methods should be combined with other feedback techniques and feeding amount prediction methods to meet the requirements of precision feeding under complex aquaculture conditions.
引文
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[8] 张鑫,齐锦雯,唐妮,等.胃饥饿素对鱼类摄食调控的研究进展[J].动物营养学报,2018(9):3394-3402.
[9] 闫培培,李文笙.神经肽Y系统在硬骨鱼类摄食调控中的作用的研究进展[J].中国水产科学,2017(1):199-207.
[10]解绶启,薛敏.水产养殖动物摄食及其营养调控[J].中国水产,2018(8):106-108.
[11]王桂芹,牛小天,卢洪梅,等.饲料中添加V_E和DHA对不同养殖密度建鲤生长、摄食和分化的影响[J].吉林农业大学学报,2010(5):548-554.
[12]何菊云,张涛,董延.添加水产DL-蛋氨酸对摄食低鱼粉饲料的异育银鲫幼鱼(Carassius auratus gibelio)生长性能及经济成本的影响[J].饲料与畜牧,2016(10):60-65.
[13]赵红月,薛敏,韩冬,等.氨基酸等化学刺激物对异育银鲫摄食行为的影响[J].水生生物学报,2010(5):956-965.
[14]唐丽花,王广军,余德光,等.几种氨基酸对日本鳗鲡摄食、消化和生长的影响[J].大连水产学院学报,2009(6):574-577.
[15]刘洋,刘红柏,徐革锋,等.水温对不同规格细鳞鲑摄食和生长的影响[J].中国水产科学,2018(2):286-293.
[16]曾本和,周建设,王万良,等.水温对异齿裂腹鱼幼鱼存活、摄食和生长的影响[J].淡水渔业,2018(6):77-82.
[17]田田,胡振禧,王茂元,等.水温对云斑尖塘鳢幼鱼摄食和生长的影响[J].安徽农学通报,2014(19):89-91.
[18]孙中之,柳学周,徐永江,等.水温对圆斑星蝶摄食和生长的影响[J].渔业现代化,2011(1):28-32.
[19]李勇,孙国祥,柳阳,等.温度对高密度循环海水养殖大菱鲆摄食、生长及消化酶的影响[J].渔业科学进展,2011(6):17-24.
[20]杨凯,樊启学,张磊,等.溶氧水平对黄颡鱼稚鱼摄食、生长及呼吸代谢的影响[J].淡水渔业,2010(2):24-29.
[21]季延滨,崔培,郭永军,等.溶解氧对血鹦鹉摄食、生长、消化酶及溶菌酶活性的影响[J].水产科技情报,2014(4):205-208.
[22]仇登高,徐世宏,刘鹰,等.光环境因子对循环水养殖系统中大西洋鲑生长和摄食的影响[J].中国水产科学,2015(1):68-78.
[23]顾孝连,庄平,章龙珍,等.长江口中华鲟幼鱼趋光行为及其对摄食的影响[J].水产学报,2009(5):778-783.
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