松辽盆地南部九佛堂组烃源岩特征及与油气富集的关系
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摘要
利用烃源岩"TOC"、热解、族组分、碳同位素和生物标志化合物检测等地球化学方法,对松辽盆地南部彰武、昌图断陷九佛堂组烃源岩和原油进行分析研究,发现彰武断陷原油来源于九佛堂组下段烃源岩,昌图断陷泉1井原油与九佛堂组上段烃源岩有较高的亲缘性。结合松南地区其他有工业油气发现的重要断陷九佛堂组烃源特征对比分析,认为九佛堂组为全区主力烃源岩,具有高丰度、多类型和低演化程度的特征,烃源岩分布与油气富集程度具有较好的对应关系。受断陷构造演化、沉积环境和埋深及后期保存条件等多种因素影响,九佛堂组下段烃源岩比上段烃源岩更具生烃潜力,成熟度是烃源岩重要的影响因素。进一步落实断陷内九佛堂组有机质成熟度、优质烃源岩发育层段和平面展布范围,寻找良好的源储配置和合适的近源圈闭是松南地区下一步的勘探方向。
Source rock and crude oil samples from the Jiufotang Formation in the Zhangwu and Changtu depressions in the southern Songliao Basin were analysed for TOC content,pyrolysis yield,rock group composition,carbon isotope and biomarkers. The oil in the Zhangwu Depression was mainly sourced from the lower part of Jiufotang Formation,while that in the Changtu Depression mainly derived from the upper part of Jiufotang Formation. The Jiufotang source rocks in other depressions with industrial oil and gas discoveries in the study area were also studied,indicating that the Jiufotang source rocks were the main source rocks in the region,with high abundance,multiple types,and low evolution degree. The source rock distribution has a good relationship with the degree of hydrocarbon enrichment. Various factors such as structural evolution of the depression,sedimentary environment,burial depth,and later-stage preservation conditions result in more hydrocarbon production in the lower part of Jiufotang Formation relative to those in the upper part. Maturity is an important factor affecting source rocks. The development and distribution of high-quality source rocks in the Jiufotang Formation were determined. Finding a good source and reservoir configuration and appropriate near-source traps lead to favorable exploration directions in the southern Songliao Basin.
Source rock and crude oil samples from the Jiufotang Formation in the Zhangwu and Changtu depressions in the southern Songliao Basin were analysed for TOC content,pyrolysis yield,rock group composition,carbon isotope and biomarkers. The oil in the Zhangwu Depression was mainly sourced from the lower part of Jiufotang Formation,while that in the Changtu Depression mainly derived from the upper part of Jiufotang Formation. The Jiufotang source rocks in other depressions with industrial oil and gas discoveries in the study area were also studied,indicating that the Jiufotang source rocks were the main source rocks in the region,with high abundance,multiple types,and low evolution degree. The source rock distribution has a good relationship with the degree of hydrocarbon enrichment. Various factors such as structural evolution of the depression,sedimentary environment,burial depth,and later-stage preservation conditions result in more hydrocarbon production in the lower part of Jiufotang Formation relative to those in the upper part. Maturity is an important factor affecting source rocks. The development and distribution of high-quality source rocks in the Jiufotang Formation were determined. Finding a good source and reservoir configuration and appropriate near-source traps lead to favorable exploration directions in the southern Songliao Basin.
引文
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[2]赵洪伟.松南新区彰武断陷油气地质特征及成藏条件分析[J].世界地质,2012,31(4):721-729.ZHAO Hongwei.Geological features and oil-gas accumulation conditions of Zhangwu Depression in new exploration area of southern Songliao Basin[J].Global Geology,2012,31(4):721-729.
[3]杨江.彰武盆地构造特征及油气勘探潜力研究[D].西安:长安大学,2008:5-41.YANG Jiang.Tectonic characteristics and oil-gas exploration potential in Zhang Wu Basin[D].Xi’an:Chang’an University,2008:5-51.
[4]刘莹.彰武断陷特征与油气分布规律[D].荆州:长江大学,2013:6-13.LIU Ying,The characteristics of zhangwu fault depression and its oil-gas distribution[D].Jingzhou:Yangtze University,2013:6-13.
[5]朱建辉,沈忠民,李贶,等.彰武断陷白垩系烃源岩地球化学特征与生烃潜力评价[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2012,39(5):471-479.ZHU Jianhui,SHEN Zhongmin,LI Kuang,et al.Geochemical characteristics and Hydrocarbon-generating potentials of source rocks in Cretaceous Zhangwu fault depression of Songliao Basin,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),2012,39(5):471-479.
[6]洪雪,赵洪伟,沙娟芳.彰武断陷沙海组碎屑岩储层成岩作用及对储层物性的影响[J].世界地质,2011,30(3):410-414.HONG Xue,ZHAO Hongwei,SHA Juanfang.Diagenesis of clastic rock reservoirs and its influence to reservoir physical property in Shahai Formation,Zhangwu depression[J].Global Geology,2011,30(3):410-414.
[7]张玉明.茫汉断陷烃源岩特征及生烃潜力分析[J].天然气工业,2006,26(10):30-32.ZHANG Yuming.Characteristics and hydrocarbon-generating potential of source rocks in Manghan fault depression,the southwestern Songliao basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2006,26(10):30-32.
[8]刘朝露,李剑,夏斌,等.松辽盆地南部深层天然气藏地化特征[J].天然气工业,2006,26(2):36-39.LIU Zhaolu,LI Jian,XIA Bin,et al.Geochemical characteristics of deep gas reservoirs in south Songliao basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2006,26(2):36-39.
[9]雷安贵,王贵迎,方炳钟.陆家堡凹陷油藏分布规律探讨[J].特种油气藏,2007,14(2):32-35.LEI Angui,WANG Guiying,FANG Bingzhong.Study of reservoir distribution in Lujiapu Depression[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2007,14(2):32-35.
[10]田树刚,牛绍武.早白垩世陆相九佛堂阶的重新厘定及其层型剖面[J].地质通报,2010,29(2/3):173-187.TIAN Shugang,NIU Shaowu.Review on terrestrial Jiufotangian Stage of the Lower Cretaceous and its stratotype[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2010,29(2/3):173-187.
[11]吴亚生,钟大康,邱楠生,等.松南地区断陷层烃源岩生烃能力及主控因素分析[J].断块油气田,2012,19(1):39-43.WU Yasheng,ZHONG Dakang,QIU Nansheng,et al.Hydrocarbon generation potential of source rock and main controlling factors for faulted strata in Songnan Area[J].Faultk-Block Oil and Gas Field,2012,19(1):39-43.
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[13]黄第藩,李晋超,周翕红,等.陆相有机质演化和成烃机理[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1984:17-152.HUANG Difan,LI Jinchao,ZHOU Xihong,et al.Terrestrial organic matter evolution and hydrocarbon generation mechanism[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1984:17-152.
[14]梅博文,刘希江.我国原油中异戊间二烯烷烃的分布及其与地质环境的关系[J].石油与天然气地质,1980,1(2):99-l15.MEI Bowen,LIU Xijiang.The distribution of isoprenoid alkanes in china’s crude oil and its relation with the geologic environment[J].Oil&Gas Geology,1980,1(2):99-l15.
[15]赵兴齐,陈践发,郭望,等.开鲁盆地奈曼凹陷奈1区块原油及烃源岩芳烃地球化学特征[J].地球化学,2013,42(3);262-273.ZHAO Xingqi,CHEN Jianfa,GUO Wang,et al.Geochemical characteristics of aromatic hydrocarbon in crude oil and source rocks from Nai 1 block of Naiman depression,Kailu Basin[J].Geochimica,2013,42(3):262-273.
[16]孙宜朴,陈霞,徐士林,等.昌图断陷石油地质特征及区带优选[J].石油实验地质,2014,36(3):310-315.SUN Yibu,CHEN Xia,XU Shilin,et al.Petroleum geologic characteristics and profitable exploration zone selection of Changtu sag[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2014,36(3):310-315.
[17]PETERS K E,MOLDOWAN J M.生物标记化合物指南[M].姜乃煌,译.北京:石油工业出版社,1995.PETERS K E,MOLDOWAN J M.The giomarker guide[M].JIANG Naihuang,trans.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1995.
[18]傅家谟,盛国英,许家友,等.应用生物标志化合物参数判识古沉积环境[J].地球化学,1991(1):1-l2.FU Jiamo,SHENG Guoying,XU Jiayou,et al.Application of biomarker compounds in assessment of paleoenvironments of Chinese terrestrial sediments[J].Geochlmlca,1991(1):1-l2.
[19]梁文华.昌参2井九佛堂组原油的地球化学特征及油源对比[J].新疆石油学院学报,2003,15(4):22-25.LIANG Wenhua.Geochemical characteristics and oil-source rock correlation of Jiufotang formation oil in well Cangcan 2[J].Journal of Xinjiang Petroleum Institute,2003,15(4):22-25.