新体制导航信号下I/Q幅相不一致对接收机测距零值的影响分析
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摘要
随着现代化导航信号带宽的增大,由于可以大幅降低采样率,复信号采样的优势日趋明显。由于存在I/Q幅相误差,复信号采样对导航接收机伪距测量造成了一定影响。改进了信道非理想与I/Q幅相误差共同影响BPSK/QPSK信号零值测量的分析模型;在该模型基础上,推导得到了任意I/Q误差和信道非理想特性影响BOC信号伪距零值的模型;探讨了二者在频域抗干扰应用场景下引起的零值变化;理论分析与软件接收机仿真结果高度吻合,误差在1.5×10~(-4)码片内,证明了分析模型的精确性。该分析方法可用于对高性能导航接收机信道特性进行事先约束及筛选,以确保干扰场景下的零值变化满足要求。
Since the bandwidth of modernized navigation signal is increasing, the advantages of complex signal sampling have a raising benefit by substantially reducing the sampling rate. Because of the I/Q amplitude and phase response imbalance, the complex signal sampling may introduce error to the pseudo range measurement in the navigation receivers. The analysis model explaining the influence of the non-ideal characteristic of signal channel, I/Q amplitude and phase response imbalance on the zero value measurement in BPSK/QPSK navigation receivers were improved. Based on the model, the pseudo range zero value of BOC signal affected by I/Q imbalance and the non-ideal characteristic of signal channel was derived. The zero value shift caused by the two factors in the frequency domain anti-jamming processing was discussed. The proposed theoretical analysis is highly close to the simulation result in software receivers, where the error is within 1.5×10~(-4) chip. This result proves the accuracy of the analysis model. The proposed analysis method can be used to provide prior constraint for features of analog channel in high performance navigation receivers, which can meet the requirement of the zero value change in the jamming scenario.
Since the bandwidth of modernized navigation signal is increasing, the advantages of complex signal sampling have a raising benefit by substantially reducing the sampling rate. Because of the I/Q amplitude and phase response imbalance, the complex signal sampling may introduce error to the pseudo range measurement in the navigation receivers. The analysis model explaining the influence of the non-ideal characteristic of signal channel, I/Q amplitude and phase response imbalance on the zero value measurement in BPSK/QPSK navigation receivers were improved. Based on the model, the pseudo range zero value of BOC signal affected by I/Q imbalance and the non-ideal characteristic of signal channel was derived. The zero value shift caused by the two factors in the frequency domain anti-jamming processing was discussed. The proposed theoretical analysis is highly close to the simulation result in software receivers, where the error is within 1.5×10~(-4) chip. This result proves the accuracy of the analysis model. The proposed analysis method can be used to provide prior constraint for features of analog channel in high performance navigation receivers, which can meet the requirement of the zero value change in the jamming scenario.
引文
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[14] 李彩华. 现代化GNSS 信号收发信道关键技术研究[D]. 长沙: 国防科技大学, 2015: 31-63.LI Caihua.Study on key techniques of the generating and receiving channel for GNSS modernization[D]. Changsha: National University of Defense Technology, 2015: 31-63. (in Chinese )
[15] 侯利民, 孙宝升, 陆晓明. 群时延特性对卫星高速数传中继系统的影响[J]. 飞行器测控学报, 2006, 25(2): 54-58.HOU Limin, SUN Baosheng, LU Xiaoming. Impact of group delay on BER performance in high date rate satellite relay systems[J]. Journal of Spacecraft TT&C Technology, 2006, 25(2): 54-58. (in Chinese )
[16] 波扎 D M. 微波工程[M].3版. 张肇仪, 周乐柱, 吴德明, 等, 译. 北京: 电子工业出版社, 2014: 335-343.Pozar D M. Microwave engineering[M].3rd ed. Translated by ZHANG Zhaoyi, ZHOU Lezhu, WU Deming, et al. Beijing: Publishing House of Electronics Industry, 2014: 335-343.(in Chinese )
[2] Forster F, Carrera A, Lucas N, et al. High performance receiver front-end for multiple Galileo frequencies [C]//Proceedings of the 18th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation, 2005: 935-940.
[3] Lück T, G?hler E, Bodenbach M, et al. The gate receiver—a full-scale Galileo / GPS monitor receiver [C]//Proceedings of the 19th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation, 2006: 1011-1020.
[4] Weiler R M, Blunt P, Jales P, et al. Performance of an L1/E5 GNSS receiver using a direct conversion front-end architecture [C]//Proceedings of the 21th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation, 2008: 1478-1489.
[5] Lee P H, Chao H C, Mao W L, et al. The effects of I/Q imbalance and complex filter mismatch on GPS/Galileo system [C]//Proceedings of the 20th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation, 2007: 543-550.
[6] Schmid A, Neubauer A, Ehm H, et al. Enabling location based services with a combined Galileo/GPS receiver architectures [C]//Proceedings of the 17th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation, 2004: 1468-1479.
[7] 唐小妹. 高性能导航接收机中的载波恢复与载噪比估计研究[D]. 长沙: 国防科技大学, 2005: 25-31.TANG Xiaomei. Carrier recovery and carrier to noise estimation in high-quality navigation receiver [D]. Changsha: National University of Defense Technology, 2005: 25-31. (in Chinese )
[8] 唐小妹, 李献球, 许晓勇, 等. IQ非正交引起的载波和伪码跟踪误差分析[J]. 舰船电子工程, 2006, 26(3): 61-64.TANG Xiaomei, LI Xianqiu, XU Xiaoyong, et al. Track error of carrier and code phase due to IQ mismatch [J]. Ship Electronic Engineering,2006, 26(3): 61-64. (in Chinese )
[9] 李柏渝. 高性能卫星导航接收机模拟信道关键技术研究[D]. 长沙: 国防科技大学, 2011: 12-66, 78-98.LI Baiyu. Study on key techniques of the analog signal channel in high performance satellite navigation receiver[D].Changsha: National University of Defense Technology, 2011: 12-66, 78-98. (in Chinese )
[10] IS-GPS-800A. Global positioning system wing, navstar GPS space segment/user segment L1C interface IS-GPS-800 revision D: IS-GPS-800A[R].USA:Global Positioning System Wing, 2013.
[11] European Union. European GNSS (Galileo) open service signal in space interface control document Galileo OS SIS ICD Issue 1[R]. European Union, 2010.
[12] 国家航天局.北斗卫星导航系统空间信号接口控制文件公开服务信号B1C、B2a(测试版)[R]. 中国卫星导航系统管理办公室, 2017.China National Space Administration. The BDS satellite navigation system spatial signal interface control document of open service signal B1C、B2a (test version) [R]. China Satellite Navigation Office, 2017. ( in Chinese )
[13] 谢钢. 全球导航卫星系统原理——GPS、格洛纳斯和伽利略系统[M]. 北京: 电子工业出版社, 2013: 59-87, 191-203.XIE Gang. Principles of GNSS: GPS, GLONASS, and Galileo[M]. Beijing: Publishing House of Electronics Industry, 2013: 59-87, 191-203. (in Chinese )
[14] 李彩华. 现代化GNSS 信号收发信道关键技术研究[D]. 长沙: 国防科技大学, 2015: 31-63.LI Caihua.Study on key techniques of the generating and receiving channel for GNSS modernization[D]. Changsha: National University of Defense Technology, 2015: 31-63. (in Chinese )
[15] 侯利民, 孙宝升, 陆晓明. 群时延特性对卫星高速数传中继系统的影响[J]. 飞行器测控学报, 2006, 25(2): 54-58.HOU Limin, SUN Baosheng, LU Xiaoming. Impact of group delay on BER performance in high date rate satellite relay systems[J]. Journal of Spacecraft TT&C Technology, 2006, 25(2): 54-58. (in Chinese )
[16] 波扎 D M. 微波工程[M].3版. 张肇仪, 周乐柱, 吴德明, 等, 译. 北京: 电子工业出版社, 2014: 335-343.Pozar D M. Microwave engineering[M].3rd ed. Translated by ZHANG Zhaoyi, ZHOU Lezhu, WU Deming, et al. Beijing: Publishing House of Electronics Industry, 2014: 335-343.(in Chinese )