客家古邑河源传统书院考略
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摘要
作为客家起源地的古邑河源,始设县治于秦始皇三十三年(公元前214年)。考述古邑河源传统书院的旨趣在于"存史、资政、传承、教化",所谓"益思培养,追踪曩哲"。经考证发现,古邑河源传统书院发萌于秦汉的私学,开端于盛唐,初兴于南宋,沉寂于元朝,恢复并兴盛于明朝,鼎盛于清朝,没落于清末,命运多舛。古邑书院富含厚重而独特、鲜明而深远的客家人文精神,既有先哲的崇尚,也有教化的真谛,还有陶育英才的担当。对此,今人理应加以发掘和开发彰显,夯实客家人的精神家园,守望和衍布客家之脉。
As Hakka ancient town, Heyuan was set up as the county in the 33rd year(214 years BC) of Qin Shihuang's Imperial period. Investigation and research into the traditional academy of ancient town of Heyuan aim at history recording, mentoring, inheritance and enlightenment. Research discovers that the traditional academy in Heyuan derived from the private teaching in the Qin and Han, started in the early Tang Dynasty, became prosperous in the South Song Dynasty, declined in the Yuan Dynasty, recovered and thrived in the Ming Dynasty, flourished in the Qing Dynasty, again declined in the late Qing Dynasty. The humanistic spirit of ancient town academy contains deep and unique, distinctive and profound, with both advocate of sages and the essence of moralization,and education of talents. Therefore, people nowadays should explore and develop the highlight, promote Hakka spirit, safeguard and extend Hakka culture.
As Hakka ancient town, Heyuan was set up as the county in the 33rd year(214 years BC) of Qin Shihuang's Imperial period. Investigation and research into the traditional academy of ancient town of Heyuan aim at history recording, mentoring, inheritance and enlightenment. Research discovers that the traditional academy in Heyuan derived from the private teaching in the Qin and Han, started in the early Tang Dynasty, became prosperous in the South Song Dynasty, declined in the Yuan Dynasty, recovered and thrived in the Ming Dynasty, flourished in the Qing Dynasty, again declined in the late Qing Dynasty. The humanistic spirit of ancient town academy contains deep and unique, distinctive and profound, with both advocate of sages and the essence of moralization,and education of talents. Therefore, people nowadays should explore and develop the highlight, promote Hakka spirit, safeguard and extend Hakka culture.
引文
[1]曾锦初,何福添,选编.古邑龙川[Z].龙川,1995.
[2]刘伯骥.广东书院制度[M].台北:国立编译馆中华丛书编审委员会,1978.
[3]曾锦初,等.龙川地名探微(龙川文史第二十六辑)[M].北京:中国文化出版社,2006.
[4]龙川县志地方志编篡委员会.龙川县志[M].广州:广东人民出版社,1994.
[5]卓拂坤,等编.客家古邑诗文[M].广州:华南理工大学出版社,2010.
[6][清]书图,纂.龙川县志[M].乾隆圭午(1762年)版,龙川县博物馆藏复印本.
[7]张荣芳.论赵佗对客家文化的贡献[C].//吴善平.客家河源与天下客家.哈尔滨:黑龙江人民出版社,2010.
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[12][清]胡瑪,修.龙川县志[M].清嘉庆二十三年岁次戊寅版,龙川县博物馆藏刻本.
[13]古演凡,主编.古氏族谱[Z].河源市,1996年印刷本.
[14]河源县地方志编篡委员会.河源县志[M].广州:广东人民出版社,2000.
[15][清]张进箓,续修.清康熙二十六年课本《永安县次志》[M].上海:华东师范大学出版社,2012.
[16][清]河源还金里廖氏宗亲会.河源上郭廖氏族谱[Z].河源:1909.
[17]司雁人,苏瑞国,编著.八百年苏家围[M].北京:中国旅游出版社,2012.
[18]曾新华,陈国忠,曾锦初编撰.龙川文薮[M].广州:雅园出版社,2002.
[19]曾锦初,何福添,选编.古邑龙川[Z].广东龙川客家联谊会,1997.
[20][明]郭之藩,修.永安县初志(明万历十四年刻本)[M].上海:华东师范大学出版社,2012.
[21][清]宋如楠,续撰.永安县三志(清道光二年刻本)[M].上海:华东师范大学出版社,2012.
[22]连平县文学艺术界联合会,编.一门三世四督抚[Z].连平,2005.
[23]连平县志地方志编篡委员会.连平县志[M].北京:中华书局,2001.
[24]龙川县政协文史资料委员会,等编.龙川文史之龙川姓氏渊源(上)(第十六辑)[Z].龙川,1995.
[25]紫金县政协文史委员会,紫金县档案局,编.紫金文史之姓氏篇(第十六辑)[Z].紫金,2004.
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[27]紫金县政协文史委员会,紫金县档案局,编.紫金文史之姓氏篇(第十八辑)[Z].紫金,2006.
[28]夏远鸣.和平徐氏宗族与地方社会[C].//吴善平.客家河源与天下客家.哈尔滨:黑龙江人民出版社,2010.
[29]河源市政协文史资料编辑委员会,编.河源文史之文化专辑(第十五辑)[Z].河源,2004.
[30]龚火生.紫金县蓝塘镇的宗族与民俗[C].//吴善平.客家河源与天下客家.哈尔滨:黑龙江人民出版社,2010.
[31]政协连平县委员会《连平文史》编委员,编.连平文史(第十七辑)[Z].连平,2013.
[32]龙川罗氏宗祠祠志编辑委员会,编.龙川罗氏宗祠祠志[Z].龙川,2010.
[33]九连春秋编委会,编.九联春秋(第三十辑)[Z].和平,2012.
①河源很早以来就是客家人聚居地。本文所指古邑书院,是对自秦设治至清末期间所创建的传统意义上的所有书院的泛指。
[2]刘伯骥.广东书院制度[M].台北:国立编译馆中华丛书编审委员会,1978.
[3]曾锦初,等.龙川地名探微(龙川文史第二十六辑)[M].北京:中国文化出版社,2006.
[4]龙川县志地方志编篡委员会.龙川县志[M].广州:广东人民出版社,1994.
[5]卓拂坤,等编.客家古邑诗文[M].广州:华南理工大学出版社,2010.
[6][清]书图,纂.龙川县志[M].乾隆圭午(1762年)版,龙川县博物馆藏复印本.
[7]张荣芳.论赵佗对客家文化的贡献[C].//吴善平.客家河源与天下客家.哈尔滨:黑龙江人民出版社,2010.
[8][明]巫三祝,纂.胡瑪,续修.霍山志[O].清道光甲申版,龙川县博物馆藏复印本.
[9]彭君谷,赖以平修.河源县志(五修)[M].清同治十三年(1874),河源县档案馆.
[10]和平县修志馆编篡.和平县志(七修)·艺文志(卷十八)[O].和平,1942.
[11]和平县志地方志编篡委员会.和平县志[M].广州:广东人民出版社,1999.
[12][清]胡瑪,修.龙川县志[M].清嘉庆二十三年岁次戊寅版,龙川县博物馆藏刻本.
[13]古演凡,主编.古氏族谱[Z].河源市,1996年印刷本.
[14]河源县地方志编篡委员会.河源县志[M].广州:广东人民出版社,2000.
[15][清]张进箓,续修.清康熙二十六年课本《永安县次志》[M].上海:华东师范大学出版社,2012.
[16][清]河源还金里廖氏宗亲会.河源上郭廖氏族谱[Z].河源:1909.
[17]司雁人,苏瑞国,编著.八百年苏家围[M].北京:中国旅游出版社,2012.
[18]曾新华,陈国忠,曾锦初编撰.龙川文薮[M].广州:雅园出版社,2002.
[19]曾锦初,何福添,选编.古邑龙川[Z].广东龙川客家联谊会,1997.
[20][明]郭之藩,修.永安县初志(明万历十四年刻本)[M].上海:华东师范大学出版社,2012.
[21][清]宋如楠,续撰.永安县三志(清道光二年刻本)[M].上海:华东师范大学出版社,2012.
[22]连平县文学艺术界联合会,编.一门三世四督抚[Z].连平,2005.
[23]连平县志地方志编篡委员会.连平县志[M].北京:中华书局,2001.
[24]龙川县政协文史资料委员会,等编.龙川文史之龙川姓氏渊源(上)(第十六辑)[Z].龙川,1995.
[25]紫金县政协文史委员会,紫金县档案局,编.紫金文史之姓氏篇(第十六辑)[Z].紫金,2004.
[26]紫金县政协文史委员会,紫金县档案局,编.紫金文史之姓氏篇(第十七辑)[Z].紫金,2005.
[27]紫金县政协文史委员会,紫金县档案局,编.紫金文史之姓氏篇(第十八辑)[Z].紫金,2006.
[28]夏远鸣.和平徐氏宗族与地方社会[C].//吴善平.客家河源与天下客家.哈尔滨:黑龙江人民出版社,2010.
[29]河源市政协文史资料编辑委员会,编.河源文史之文化专辑(第十五辑)[Z].河源,2004.
[30]龚火生.紫金县蓝塘镇的宗族与民俗[C].//吴善平.客家河源与天下客家.哈尔滨:黑龙江人民出版社,2010.
[31]政协连平县委员会《连平文史》编委员,编.连平文史(第十七辑)[Z].连平,2013.
[32]龙川罗氏宗祠祠志编辑委员会,编.龙川罗氏宗祠祠志[Z].龙川,2010.
[33]九连春秋编委会,编.九联春秋(第三十辑)[Z].和平,2012.
①河源很早以来就是客家人聚居地。本文所指古邑书院,是对自秦设治至清末期间所创建的传统意义上的所有书院的泛指。