异型雄性罗氏沼虾遗传多样性的微卫星分析
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摘要
利用微卫星DNA标记研究3种近亲交配形态型雄性罗氏沼虾遗传多样性,所用虾样均采自国家级(南宁)罗氏沼虾良种场,共150尾成年近亲交配的雄虾,其中蓝色长臂型、橙色长臂型、小个体型各50尾。研究结果表明,3组样品的生长发育差异显著,蓝色长臂型、橙色长臂型、小个体型各组中微卫星位点的总等位基因分别为24、28和22,3组样品所有位点的平均观察杂合度为0.474～0.556。其平均群体内近交系数为-0.0189,说明杂合子过剩,对比分析和群体间分化系数表明,3组雄虾遗传差异明显,最大遗传间距位于蓝色长臂型和小个体型,最小的遗传间距位于蓝色长臂型和橙色长臂型。研究结果将为罗氏沼虾优质父本选育和调控雄性遗传发育提供基础性遗传信息。
Genetic diversity was estimated in 150 inbreeding individuals of three morphotypes [blue claw male(BCM), orange claw male(OCM), and small male(SM)] of male giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii sampled from National(Nanning) shrimp breeding farm, Nanning, Guangxi, using microsatellite markers. Significant differences in growth were observed among all groups, with total alleles of 24 per locus in BCM, 28 in OCM and 22 in SM. The average observed heterozygosities(H_o) across all loci was ranged from 0.474 to 0.556 in three groups, with mean F_(IS) of-0.0189, indicating that the heterozygosities were excess. The pair-wise comparisons and the F_(ST) values revealed that there was significant genetic differentiation in all groups. The maximal genetic distance was observed between BCM and SM groups, and the minimal one between BCM and OCM groups. The findings provide basic genetic information on selecting high quality giant freshwater prawn and regulating genetic development in male.
Genetic diversity was estimated in 150 inbreeding individuals of three morphotypes [blue claw male(BCM), orange claw male(OCM), and small male(SM)] of male giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii sampled from National(Nanning) shrimp breeding farm, Nanning, Guangxi, using microsatellite markers. Significant differences in growth were observed among all groups, with total alleles of 24 per locus in BCM, 28 in OCM and 22 in SM. The average observed heterozygosities(H_o) across all loci was ranged from 0.474 to 0.556 in three groups, with mean F_(IS) of-0.0189, indicating that the heterozygosities were excess. The pair-wise comparisons and the F_(ST) values revealed that there was significant genetic differentiation in all groups. The maximal genetic distance was observed between BCM and SM groups, and the minimal one between BCM and OCM groups. The findings provide basic genetic information on selecting high quality giant freshwater prawn and regulating genetic development in male.
引文
[1] Ranjeet K,Kurup B M.Heterogeneous individual growth of Macrobrachium rosenbergii [J].Aquabyte,2002,25(2):13-18.
[2] Ra′anan Z,Cohen D.The effect of group interactions on the development of size distribution in Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) juvenile populations [J].Biol Bull,1984,166(1):22-31.
[3] Karplus I,Hulata G.Social control of growth in Macrobrachium rosenbergii.Ⅴ.The effect of unilateral eyestalk ablation on jumpers and laggards [J].Aquaculture,1995,138(1/4):181-190.
[4] Karplus I,Hulata G,Wolfarth G W,et al.The effect of size grading juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii prior to stocking on their population structure and production in polyculture.Ⅱ.Dividing the population structure into three fractions [J].Aquaculture,1987,62(2):85-95.
[5] Karplus I,Malecha S R,Sagi A.The biology and management of size variation [G]//New M B,Valenti W C.Freshwater Prawn Culture,Oxford:Blackwell Science,2000:259-289.
[6] Ra′anan Z,Sagi A,Wax Y,et al.Growth,size,rank and maturation of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii:analysis of marked prawn in an experimental population [J].Biol Bull,1991,181(3):379-386.
[7] Malecha S R,Masuno S,Onizuka D.The feasibility of measuring the heritability of growth pattern variation in juvenile freshwater prawns,Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) [J].Aquaculture,1984,38(4):347-363.
[8] 朱其建,戴习林,邹卫丽,等.罗氏沼虾抗病选育群体的抗病性能及其遗传多样性分析[J].水产学报,2013,37(10):1468-1478.
[9] 陈雪峰,杨国梁,孔杰,等.人工养殖与选育对罗氏沼虾遗传多样性的影响[J].水生生物学报,2012,36(5):866-873.
[10] 孙成飞,叶星,董浚键,等.罗氏沼虾6个养殖群体遗传多样性的微卫星分析[J].南方水产科学,2015,11(2):20-26.
[11] 蒋钦杨,杨学明,郭亚芬,等.3个不同群体罗氏沼虾线粒体16S rRNA基因序列分析及遗传差异[J].水产科学,2005,24(10):28-31.
[12] 张海琪,何中央,徐晓林,等.罗氏沼虾不同群体生化遗传变异的比较分析[J].西南农业大学学报:自然科学版,2004,26(5):632-635,639.
[13] 甘西,邓凤姣,陈晓汉,等.罗氏沼虾遗传多样性的RAPD研究[J].武汉大学学报:自然科学版,2000,46(2):215-218.
[14] Divu D,Khushiramani R,Malathi S,et al.Isolation,characterization and evaluation of microsatellite DNA markers in giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii,from South India [J].Aquaculture,2008,284(1/4):281-284.
[15] Chareontawee K,Poompuang S,Na-Nakorn U,et al.Genetic diversity of hatchery stocks of giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) in Thailand [J].Aquaculture,2007,271(1/4):121-129.
[16] Liu Z J,Cordes J F.DNA marker technologies and their applications in aquaculture genetics [J].Aquaculture,2004,238(1/4):1-37.
[17] Smith T I J,Sandifer P A,Smith T J.Population structure of Malaysian prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) reared in earthen ponds in South California,1974—1976[J].Proc World Maricult Soc,1978,9(1/4):19-38.
[18] Sandifer P A,Smith T I J.Possible significance of variation in the larval development of palaemonid shrimp [J].J Exp Marine Biol Ecol,1979,39(1):55-64.
[19] Magnuson J J.An analysis of aggressive behavior:growth and competition for food and space in medaka (Oryzias latipes (Pisces,Cyprinodontidae))[J].Can J Zool,1962,40(2):313-363.
[20] Symons P E K.Behavioral adjustments of population density to available food by juvenile of Atlantic salmon[J].J Anim Ecol,1971,40(3):569-587.
[21] Sagi A.Alternative reproductive strategies in male populations of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man) [D].Hebrew:The University of Jerusalem,1984.
[22] Telecky T M.Alternate male reproductive strategies in the giant Malaysian prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii[J].Pac Sci,1984(38):372-373.
[23] Ra′anan Z,Cohen D.Ontogeny of social structure and population dynamics in the giant freshwater prawn,Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man)[G]//Wenner A.Crustacean Growth:Factors in Adult Growth,Rotterdam:Balkema,1985:277-311.
[24] Kuris A M,Ra′anan Z,Sagi A,et al.Morphotypic differentiation of male Malaysian giant prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii[J].J Crust Biol,1987,7(2):219-237.
[25] See L M,Tan S G,Hassan R,et al.Development of microsatellite markers from an enriched genomic library for the genetic analysis of the Malaysian giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii[J].Biochem Genet,2009,47(9/10):722-726.
[26] Excoffier L,Laval G,Schneider S.Arlequien ver 3.11:an integrated software package for population genetics data analysis [R].Switzerland:Computational and Molecular Population Genetics Lab (CMPG),Institute of Zoology University of Berne,2006.
[27] Wright S.The genetical structure of populations [J].Ann Eugen,1951(15):323-354.
[28] Yeh F C,Yang R C,Boyle T.POPGENE version 1.3.1.Microsoft Window-bases Freeware for Population Genetic Analysis[R].Edmonton:University of Alberta and the Centre for International Forestry Research,1999.
[29] Karaket T,Poompuang S,Na-Nakorn U,et al.DNA microsatellite-based evaluation of early growth performance among strains of freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii de Man [J].Aquaculture,2011,311(1/4):115-122.
[30] Kijas J M H,Fowler J C S,Garbett C A,et al.Enrichment of microsatellite from the citrus genome using biotinylated oligonucleotide sequences bound to streptavidin-coated magnetic particles [J].Bio-Techniques,1994,16(4):656-662.
[31] Chand V,de Bruyn M,Mather P B.Microsatellite loci in the eastern form of the giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii)[J].Mol Ecol,2005,5(2):308-310.
[32] Arora R,Bhatia S.Genetic structure of Muzzafarnagri sheep based on microsatellite analysis [J].Small Rumin Res,2004,54(3):227-230.
[33] Ott J.Analysis of human genetic linkage,revised edition [M].Baltimore:Johns Hopkins University Press,2001.
[34] Wahlund S.Zusammensetzung von population und korrelationserscheinung vom standpunkt der vererbungslehre aus betrachtet [J].Hereditas,1928(11):65-106.
[35] Supungul P,Sootanan P,Klinbunga S,et al.Microsatellite polymorphism and the population structure of the black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) in Thailand [J].Marine Biotechnol,2000,2(4):339-347.
[36] You E M,Chiu T S,Liu K F,et al.Microsatellite and mitochondrial haplotype diversity reveals population differentiation in the tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) in the Indo-Pacific region [J].Anim Genet,2008,39(3):267-277.
[37] Xu Z,Primavera J H,de la Pena L D,et al.Genetic diversity of wild and cultured black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) in the Phillippines using microsatellites [J].Aquaculture,2001,199(1/2):13-40.
[38] Sureshkumar S,Kurup B M.Variations in hepatosomatic index and biochemical profiles among the male morphotypes of Macrobrachium rosenbergii [J].Aquaculture,1999,176(3/4):285-293.
[39] Sagi A,Ra′anan Z.Morphotypic differentiation of males of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii:changes in the midgut glands and the reproductive system [J].J Crust Biol,1988,8(1):43-47.
[40] Bart A N,Yen P T.Comparison of larval performance between Thai and Vietnamese giant freshwater prawn:Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man):a preliminary study [J].Aquac Res,2003,34(15):1453-1458.
[41] Nhan D T,Wille M,Le Hung,et al.Comparison of reproductive performance and offspring quality of giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) broodstock from different regions [J].Aquaculture,2009,298(1/2):36-42.
[42] Thanh N M,Nguyen N H,Ponzoni R W,et al.Estimates of strain additive and non-additive genetic effects for growth traits in a diallel cross of three strains of giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) in Vietnam [J].Aquaculture,2010,299(1/4):30-36.
[43] Kitcharoen N,Koonawootrittiron S,Na-Nakorn U.Selection of brooders from early maturing freshwater prawns (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) results in faster growth rates of offspring than in those selected from late maturing prawns [J].Aquaculture,2010,306(1/4):362-364.
[2] Ra′anan Z,Cohen D.The effect of group interactions on the development of size distribution in Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) juvenile populations [J].Biol Bull,1984,166(1):22-31.
[3] Karplus I,Hulata G.Social control of growth in Macrobrachium rosenbergii.Ⅴ.The effect of unilateral eyestalk ablation on jumpers and laggards [J].Aquaculture,1995,138(1/4):181-190.
[4] Karplus I,Hulata G,Wolfarth G W,et al.The effect of size grading juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii prior to stocking on their population structure and production in polyculture.Ⅱ.Dividing the population structure into three fractions [J].Aquaculture,1987,62(2):85-95.
[5] Karplus I,Malecha S R,Sagi A.The biology and management of size variation [G]//New M B,Valenti W C.Freshwater Prawn Culture,Oxford:Blackwell Science,2000:259-289.
[6] Ra′anan Z,Sagi A,Wax Y,et al.Growth,size,rank and maturation of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii:analysis of marked prawn in an experimental population [J].Biol Bull,1991,181(3):379-386.
[7] Malecha S R,Masuno S,Onizuka D.The feasibility of measuring the heritability of growth pattern variation in juvenile freshwater prawns,Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) [J].Aquaculture,1984,38(4):347-363.
[8] 朱其建,戴习林,邹卫丽,等.罗氏沼虾抗病选育群体的抗病性能及其遗传多样性分析[J].水产学报,2013,37(10):1468-1478.
[9] 陈雪峰,杨国梁,孔杰,等.人工养殖与选育对罗氏沼虾遗传多样性的影响[J].水生生物学报,2012,36(5):866-873.
[10] 孙成飞,叶星,董浚键,等.罗氏沼虾6个养殖群体遗传多样性的微卫星分析[J].南方水产科学,2015,11(2):20-26.
[11] 蒋钦杨,杨学明,郭亚芬,等.3个不同群体罗氏沼虾线粒体16S rRNA基因序列分析及遗传差异[J].水产科学,2005,24(10):28-31.
[12] 张海琪,何中央,徐晓林,等.罗氏沼虾不同群体生化遗传变异的比较分析[J].西南农业大学学报:自然科学版,2004,26(5):632-635,639.
[13] 甘西,邓凤姣,陈晓汉,等.罗氏沼虾遗传多样性的RAPD研究[J].武汉大学学报:自然科学版,2000,46(2):215-218.
[14] Divu D,Khushiramani R,Malathi S,et al.Isolation,characterization and evaluation of microsatellite DNA markers in giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii,from South India [J].Aquaculture,2008,284(1/4):281-284.
[15] Chareontawee K,Poompuang S,Na-Nakorn U,et al.Genetic diversity of hatchery stocks of giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) in Thailand [J].Aquaculture,2007,271(1/4):121-129.
[16] Liu Z J,Cordes J F.DNA marker technologies and their applications in aquaculture genetics [J].Aquaculture,2004,238(1/4):1-37.
[17] Smith T I J,Sandifer P A,Smith T J.Population structure of Malaysian prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) reared in earthen ponds in South California,1974—1976[J].Proc World Maricult Soc,1978,9(1/4):19-38.
[18] Sandifer P A,Smith T I J.Possible significance of variation in the larval development of palaemonid shrimp [J].J Exp Marine Biol Ecol,1979,39(1):55-64.
[19] Magnuson J J.An analysis of aggressive behavior:growth and competition for food and space in medaka (Oryzias latipes (Pisces,Cyprinodontidae))[J].Can J Zool,1962,40(2):313-363.
[20] Symons P E K.Behavioral adjustments of population density to available food by juvenile of Atlantic salmon[J].J Anim Ecol,1971,40(3):569-587.
[21] Sagi A.Alternative reproductive strategies in male populations of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man) [D].Hebrew:The University of Jerusalem,1984.
[22] Telecky T M.Alternate male reproductive strategies in the giant Malaysian prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii[J].Pac Sci,1984(38):372-373.
[23] Ra′anan Z,Cohen D.Ontogeny of social structure and population dynamics in the giant freshwater prawn,Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man)[G]//Wenner A.Crustacean Growth:Factors in Adult Growth,Rotterdam:Balkema,1985:277-311.
[24] Kuris A M,Ra′anan Z,Sagi A,et al.Morphotypic differentiation of male Malaysian giant prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii[J].J Crust Biol,1987,7(2):219-237.
[25] See L M,Tan S G,Hassan R,et al.Development of microsatellite markers from an enriched genomic library for the genetic analysis of the Malaysian giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii[J].Biochem Genet,2009,47(9/10):722-726.
[26] Excoffier L,Laval G,Schneider S.Arlequien ver 3.11:an integrated software package for population genetics data analysis [R].Switzerland:Computational and Molecular Population Genetics Lab (CMPG),Institute of Zoology University of Berne,2006.
[27] Wright S.The genetical structure of populations [J].Ann Eugen,1951(15):323-354.
[28] Yeh F C,Yang R C,Boyle T.POPGENE version 1.3.1.Microsoft Window-bases Freeware for Population Genetic Analysis[R].Edmonton:University of Alberta and the Centre for International Forestry Research,1999.
[29] Karaket T,Poompuang S,Na-Nakorn U,et al.DNA microsatellite-based evaluation of early growth performance among strains of freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii de Man [J].Aquaculture,2011,311(1/4):115-122.
[30] Kijas J M H,Fowler J C S,Garbett C A,et al.Enrichment of microsatellite from the citrus genome using biotinylated oligonucleotide sequences bound to streptavidin-coated magnetic particles [J].Bio-Techniques,1994,16(4):656-662.
[31] Chand V,de Bruyn M,Mather P B.Microsatellite loci in the eastern form of the giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii)[J].Mol Ecol,2005,5(2):308-310.
[32] Arora R,Bhatia S.Genetic structure of Muzzafarnagri sheep based on microsatellite analysis [J].Small Rumin Res,2004,54(3):227-230.
[33] Ott J.Analysis of human genetic linkage,revised edition [M].Baltimore:Johns Hopkins University Press,2001.
[34] Wahlund S.Zusammensetzung von population und korrelationserscheinung vom standpunkt der vererbungslehre aus betrachtet [J].Hereditas,1928(11):65-106.
[35] Supungul P,Sootanan P,Klinbunga S,et al.Microsatellite polymorphism and the population structure of the black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) in Thailand [J].Marine Biotechnol,2000,2(4):339-347.
[36] You E M,Chiu T S,Liu K F,et al.Microsatellite and mitochondrial haplotype diversity reveals population differentiation in the tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) in the Indo-Pacific region [J].Anim Genet,2008,39(3):267-277.
[37] Xu Z,Primavera J H,de la Pena L D,et al.Genetic diversity of wild and cultured black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) in the Phillippines using microsatellites [J].Aquaculture,2001,199(1/2):13-40.
[38] Sureshkumar S,Kurup B M.Variations in hepatosomatic index and biochemical profiles among the male morphotypes of Macrobrachium rosenbergii [J].Aquaculture,1999,176(3/4):285-293.
[39] Sagi A,Ra′anan Z.Morphotypic differentiation of males of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii:changes in the midgut glands and the reproductive system [J].J Crust Biol,1988,8(1):43-47.
[40] Bart A N,Yen P T.Comparison of larval performance between Thai and Vietnamese giant freshwater prawn:Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man):a preliminary study [J].Aquac Res,2003,34(15):1453-1458.
[41] Nhan D T,Wille M,Le Hung,et al.Comparison of reproductive performance and offspring quality of giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) broodstock from different regions [J].Aquaculture,2009,298(1/2):36-42.
[42] Thanh N M,Nguyen N H,Ponzoni R W,et al.Estimates of strain additive and non-additive genetic effects for growth traits in a diallel cross of three strains of giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) in Vietnam [J].Aquaculture,2010,299(1/4):30-36.
[43] Kitcharoen N,Koonawootrittiron S,Na-Nakorn U.Selection of brooders from early maturing freshwater prawns (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) results in faster growth rates of offspring than in those selected from late maturing prawns [J].Aquaculture,2010,306(1/4):362-364.