福建漳浦近岸海域表层土壤中微塑料的赋存特征
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摘要
调查研究了福建漳浦近岸海域表层土壤中的微塑料污染负荷,并采用红外光谱及扫描电镜-能谱仪对该区域的微塑料结构和表面微观特性进行表征.结果表明,翡翠湾景区和华福渔民码头的微塑料丰度及平均粒径分别为61 n/600 g、103 n/600 g(n表示微塑料个数)和(2.59±0.52)mm、(3.99±0.19)mm.两个景区的微塑料相同的形态是:碎片、颗粒、泡沫.翡翠湾景区数量最多的是碎片,约占总数的42.2%,而华福渔民码头数量最多的为泡沫,占了92.8%.微塑料表面黏附外来杂质(Si),其表面形态发生风化,呈不规则片状或立体状.
In this paper, an investigation is conducted on the pollution load of microplastics from a coastal soil of offshore area of Zhangpu in Fujian Province and the structure and surface microstructure are characterized by infrared spectrum and SEM-EDS. The result shows that the abundance ratio of microplastic in the soil samples of Feicui Bay and Huafu Fisherman's Wharf is 61 n/600 g and 103 n/600 g(n is the number of plastics), and the average particle diameter is (2.59±0.52) mm and (3.99±0.19) mm.The microplastics in the two scenic spots share the same shape: debris, particle and foam. The Feicui Bay has the largest number of debris, accounting for about 42.2 percent of the total, while the Huafu Fisherman's Wharf has the largest number of foam, accounting for 92.8 percent. Some foreign impurities are attached to the surface of the microplastics. which is weathering with irregular flake or three-dimensional shape.
In this paper, an investigation is conducted on the pollution load of microplastics from a coastal soil of offshore area of Zhangpu in Fujian Province and the structure and surface microstructure are characterized by infrared spectrum and SEM-EDS. The result shows that the abundance ratio of microplastic in the soil samples of Feicui Bay and Huafu Fisherman's Wharf is 61 n/600 g and 103 n/600 g(n is the number of plastics), and the average particle diameter is (2.59±0.52) mm and (3.99±0.19) mm.The microplastics in the two scenic spots share the same shape: debris, particle and foam. The Feicui Bay has the largest number of debris, accounting for about 42.2 percent of the total, while the Huafu Fisherman's Wharf has the largest number of foam, accounting for 92.8 percent. Some foreign impurities are attached to the surface of the microplastics. which is weathering with irregular flake or three-dimensional shape.
引文
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[5]Corcoran P L,Biesinger M C,Grifi M.Plastics and beaches:A degrading relationship[J].Mar Pollut Bull,2009,58:80-84.
[6]Nuelle M T,Dekiff J H,Remy D,et al.A new analytical approach for monitoring microplastics in marine sediments[J].Environ Pollut,2014,184:161-169.
[7]Zhou Q,Zhang H B,Zhou Y,et al.Separation of microplastics from a coastal soil and their surface microscopic features(in Chinese)[J].Chin Sci Bull,2016,61:1604-1611.
[8]Eriksen M,Mason S,Wilson S,et al.Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes[J].Mar Pollut Bull,2013,77:177-182.
[9]Cole M,Webb H,Lindeque P K,et al.Isolation of microplastics in biota-rich seawater samples and marine organisms[J].Sci Rep,2014,4:4528.
[10]Eriksen M,Lebreton L C M,Carson H S,et al.Plastic pollution in the world's oceans:More than 5 trillion plastic pieces weighing over 250000 tons afloat at sea[J].PLoS One,2014,9:e111913.
[11]Zurcher N A.Small plastic debris on beaches in Hong Kong:An initial investigation[M].Master Dissertation.Hong Kong:The University of Hong Kong,2009.
[12]Andrady A L.Microplastics in the marine environment[J].Mar Pollut Bull,2011,62:1596-1605.
[13]Claessens M,De Meester S,Van Landuyt L,et al.Occurrence and distribution of microplastics in marine sediments along the Belgian coast[J].Mar Pollut Bull,2011,62:2199-2204.
[14]Browne M A,Crump P,Niven S J,et al.Accumulation of microplastic on shorelines woldwide:Sources and sinks[J].Environ Sci Technol,2011,45:9175-9179.
[15]Song Y K,Hong S H,Jang M,et al.Large accumulation of micro-sized synthetic polymer particles in the sea surface microlayer[J].Environ Sci Technol,2014,48:9014-9021.
[16]Van Cauwenberghe L,Claessens M,Vandegehuchte M B,et al.Assessment of marine debris on the Belgian Continental Shelf[J].Mar Pollut Bull,2013,73:161-169.
[17]Zhao S,Zhu L,Wang T,et al.Suspended microplastics in the surface water of the Yangtze Estuary System,China:First observations on occurrence,distribution[J].Mar Pollut Bull,2014,86:562-568.
[18]von Moos N,Burkhardt-Holm P,K?hler A.Uptake and effects of microplastics on cells and tissue of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis L.after an experimental exposure[J].Environ Sci Technol,2012,46:11327-11335.
[19]Lusher A L,McHugh M,Thompson R C.Occurrence of microplastics in the gastrointestinal tract of pelagic and demersal fish from the English Channel[J].Mar Pollut Bull,2013,67:94-99.
[20]Ashton K,Holmes L,Turner A.Association of metals with plastic production pellets in the marine environment[J].Mar Pollut Bull,2010,60:2050-2055.
[21]Antunes J C,Frias J G L,Micaelo A C,et al.Resin pellets from beaches of the Portuguese coast and adsorbed persistent organic pollutants[J].Estuar Coast Shelf Sci,2013,130:62-69.