低温胁迫条件下漯麦6010产量及其农艺性状研究
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摘要
为了解拔节期低温冷害对漯麦6010产量及其农艺性状的影响,利用人工智能控制温度,模拟低温胁迫,试验测定了室外对照(未低温胁迫,T1)、低温胁迫48 h(T2)、低温胁迫48 h前喷施KH_2PO_4(T3)、低温胁迫48 h后喷施KH_2PO_4(T4)、低温胁迫24 h(T5)等5个处理的小麦产量及其农艺性状。结果表明,未低温胁迫T1处理产量最高,低温胁迫后各处理产量及其农艺性状与室外对照间差异均较大,达极显著水平,经济产量减产幅度为59.4%～76.9%,T5处理产量次之,T2处理产量最低;T3,T4,T5处理比T2处理增产30.7%～76.1%,农艺性状也有较大差异;T3与T4处理的产量及农艺性状差异不明显。因此,低温冷害来临前喷施KH_2PO_4可明显增强小麦抵抗低温冷害的能力,有效预防低温冷害;低温冷害后喷施KH_2PO_4效果也比较明显,是预防低温冷害的补救措施之一,为今后小麦生产提供科学依据。
To understand the effect of low temperature chilling injury on the yield and agronomic characters of Luomai 6010 at jointing stage, artificial intelligence was used to control temperature and simulate low temperature stress. The yield and agronomic characters of outdoor control(non low temperature stress, T1), low temperature stress 48 h(T2), spraying KH_2PO_4 before low temperature stress 48 h(T3), spraying KH_2PO_4 after low temperature stress 48 h(T4)and low temperature stress 24 h(T5)were measured. The results showed that yield of T1 was the highest, the yield and agronomic characters of all treatments under low temperature stress were significantly different from those of T1, and the economic yield decreased by 59.4%-76.9%. The yield of T5 was the second, and that of T2 was the lowest. The yield of T3, T4 and T5 increased by 30.7%-76.1% compared with that of T2, and the agronomic traits were also quite different. There was no significant difference in yield and agronomic characters between T3 and T4. Therefore, spraying KH_2PO_4 before low temperature chilling injury can obviously enhance the ability of wheat to resist low temperature chilling injury and effectively prevent low temperature chilling injury. Spraying KH_2PO_4 after low temperature chilling injury is one of the remedial measures to prevent low temperature chilling injury and provides scientific basis for wheat production in the future.
To understand the effect of low temperature chilling injury on the yield and agronomic characters of Luomai 6010 at jointing stage, artificial intelligence was used to control temperature and simulate low temperature stress. The yield and agronomic characters of outdoor control(non low temperature stress, T1), low temperature stress 48 h(T2), spraying KH_2PO_4 before low temperature stress 48 h(T3), spraying KH_2PO_4 after low temperature stress 48 h(T4)and low temperature stress 24 h(T5)were measured. The results showed that yield of T1 was the highest, the yield and agronomic characters of all treatments under low temperature stress were significantly different from those of T1, and the economic yield decreased by 59.4%-76.9%. The yield of T5 was the second, and that of T2 was the lowest. The yield of T3, T4 and T5 increased by 30.7%-76.1% compared with that of T2, and the agronomic traits were also quite different. There was no significant difference in yield and agronomic characters between T3 and T4. Therefore, spraying KH_2PO_4 before low temperature chilling injury can obviously enhance the ability of wheat to resist low temperature chilling injury and effectively prevent low temperature chilling injury. Spraying KH_2PO_4 after low temperature chilling injury is one of the remedial measures to prevent low temperature chilling injury and provides scientific basis for wheat production in the future.
引文
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[11]张军,孙树贵,王亮明,等.孕穗期低温对冬小麦生理生化特性和产量的影响[J].西北植物学报,2013,33(11):2249-2256.
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[13]胡新,任德超,倪永静,等.冬小麦籽粒产量及其构成要素随晚霜冻害变化规律研究[J].中国农业气象,2014,35(5):575-580.
[14]王士强,宋晓慧,赵海红,等.孕穗期低温胁迫对寒地水稻产量和品质的影响[J].农业现代化研究,2016,37(3):579-586.
[2]高媛,齐晓花,杨景华,等.高等植物对低温胁迫的响应研究[J].北方园艺,2007(10):58-61.
[3]余松烈.中国小麦栽培理论与实践[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,2006:65.
[4]王绍中,郑天存,郭天财.河南小麦育种栽培研究进展[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2007.
[5]LIU B,ASSENG S,M譈LLER C,et al. Similar estimates of tem-perature impacts on global wheat yield by three independ-ent methods[J]. Nature Climate Change,2016,6(12):1130-1136.
[6]陈襄礼,李林峰,王重锋,等.小麦倒春寒发生特点及防御措施初探[J].河南农业科学,2014,43(2):35-37.
[7]赵虹,王西成,胡卫国,等.黄淮南片麦区小麦倒春寒冻害成因及预防措施[J].河南农业科学,2014,43(8):34-38.
[8]张磊,李国领,张建周,等.拔节期低温胁迫对小麦生理特性和产量的影响[J].河南农业科学,2017,46(11):13-18.
[9]谢凤仙,王智煜,张自阳.春季低温胁迫对不同小麦品种结实率及叶片生理特性的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2018,46(32):33-35,39.
[10]陈巧艳,李迎迎,陈刘平,等.低温胁迫对不同小麦品种结实率和活性氧代谢的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2018,46(11):63-65.
[11]张军,孙树贵,王亮明,等.孕穗期低温对冬小麦生理生化特性和产量的影响[J].西北植物学报,2013,33(11):2249-2256.
[12]孙苗苗,王志强,高翔,等.河南主推小麦品种对低温胁迫的生理响应及耐寒性分析[J].麦类作物学报,2016,36(3):316-324.
[13]胡新,任德超,倪永静,等.冬小麦籽粒产量及其构成要素随晚霜冻害变化规律研究[J].中国农业气象,2014,35(5):575-580.
[14]王士强,宋晓慧,赵海红,等.孕穗期低温胁迫对寒地水稻产量和品质的影响[J].农业现代化研究,2016,37(3):579-586.