基于磁记忆的镀锌钢绞线腐蚀检测试验
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摘要
针对常规技术难以检测镀锌钢绞线拉索内部腐蚀问题,结合金属磁记忆理论在铁磁性材料早期缺陷无损检测方面的优势,提出了基于金属磁记忆技术的镀锌钢绞线拉索腐蚀检测新方法。为验证该检测方法的可行性,设计了8个镀锌钢绞线拉索试件,采用电化学加速腐蚀试验方法对试件进行不同程度的腐蚀;利用霍尼韦尔HMR2300三维磁强计传感器采集试件腐蚀后的金属磁记忆漏磁信号,运用数学方法对采集的漏磁信号进行对比分析,结合金属磁记忆检测技术原理,研究试件表面的漏磁信号变化特征,以达到检测镀锌钢绞线拉索试件腐蚀状况的目的。研究结果表明:在钢绞线拉索试件腐蚀区域漏磁信号出现明显变化,漏磁信号切向分量曲线出现极大值,漏磁信号法向分量曲线出现极大值和极小值且过零点;在试件中间腐蚀区域漏磁信号切向梯度曲线过零点,漏磁信号法向梯度曲线出现极小值;随着试件腐蚀程度的增加,漏磁信号强度也相应增加,且漏磁信号强度与试件腐蚀程度呈正相关;通过对试件腐蚀后的漏磁信号分析,可较准确判别钢绞线试件的腐蚀位置及范围。该试验验证了金属磁记忆检测技术用作钢绞线腐蚀检测的可行性及合理性,为镀锌钢绞线拉索腐蚀检测提供了参考。
Aimed at the problem that it was difficult to detect the internal corrosion of galvanized steel strand cables by conventional technology,and combined with the advantages of metal magnetic memory(MMM)theory in nondestructive testing of ferromagnetic materials in early defects,a new method for corrosion detection of galvanized steel strands based on metal magnetic memory technology was proposed.To verify the feasibility of the method,eight galvanized steel strand cable specimens were designed for corrosion detection.The specimens were corroded with different degrees by using accelerated electrochemical corrosion methods.The magnetic flux leakage(MFL)signals of the specimens after corrosion were obtained,by the HoneywellHMR2300 three-dimensional magnetic sensor.The collected MFL signals were comparatively analyzed by using mathematical methods.Then,the variation characteristics of the signals were studied based on the principle of MMM testing.The purpose of detecting the corrosion of galvanized steel strand cable specimen was achieved by analyzing the variation characteristics of MFL signals on the surface of the specimen.The results show that the MFL signals change substantially in the corroded region of steel strand cable specimen.There is a maximum value in the tangential component curve of MFL signal,and the maximum,minimum value and zero point appear in the normal component curve of MFL signal.There is a zero point in the gradient of the tangential component while a minimum value in the gradient of normal component.With the corrosion degree gradually increasing, the intensity of the MFL signals increases correspondingly,and the intensity of MFL signals are positively correlated with the corrosion degrees of the specimens.Via the analysis of the MFL signals after corrosion,the corrosion position and range of the steel strands specimen can be identified relatively accurately.The test verifies the feasibility and rationality of MMM testing,as a testing technique for the detection of the steel strands corrosion,and provides the reference for the future corrosion testing of the galvanized steel strand cables.2 tabs,9 figs,22 refs.
Aimed at the problem that it was difficult to detect the internal corrosion of galvanized steel strand cables by conventional technology,and combined with the advantages of metal magnetic memory(MMM)theory in nondestructive testing of ferromagnetic materials in early defects,a new method for corrosion detection of galvanized steel strands based on metal magnetic memory technology was proposed.To verify the feasibility of the method,eight galvanized steel strand cable specimens were designed for corrosion detection.The specimens were corroded with different degrees by using accelerated electrochemical corrosion methods.The magnetic flux leakage(MFL)signals of the specimens after corrosion were obtained,by the HoneywellHMR2300 three-dimensional magnetic sensor.The collected MFL signals were comparatively analyzed by using mathematical methods.Then,the variation characteristics of the signals were studied based on the principle of MMM testing.The purpose of detecting the corrosion of galvanized steel strand cable specimen was achieved by analyzing the variation characteristics of MFL signals on the surface of the specimen.The results show that the MFL signals change substantially in the corroded region of steel strand cable specimen.There is a maximum value in the tangential component curve of MFL signal,and the maximum,minimum value and zero point appear in the normal component curve of MFL signal.There is a zero point in the gradient of the tangential component while a minimum value in the gradient of normal component.With the corrosion degree gradually increasing, the intensity of the MFL signals increases correspondingly,and the intensity of MFL signals are positively correlated with the corrosion degrees of the specimens.Via the analysis of the MFL signals after corrosion,the corrosion position and range of the steel strands specimen can be identified relatively accurately.The test verifies the feasibility and rationality of MMM testing,as a testing technique for the detection of the steel strands corrosion,and provides the reference for the future corrosion testing of the galvanized steel strand cables.2 tabs,9 figs,22 refs.
引文
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[19]冷建成,张经纬,高雅田.基于休哈特控制图的磁记忆早期损伤检测方法[J].中国安全科学学报,2017,27(2):81-85.LENG Jian-cheng,ZHANG Jing-wei,GAO Ya-tian.Magnetic memory detection method for early damage based on Shewhart control chart[J].China Safety Science Journal,2017,27(2):81-85.
[20]姚凯.基于金属磁记忆法的铁磁材料早期损伤检测与评价的实验研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2014.YAO Kai.Experimental research on testing and evaluating of early damage of ferromagnetic materials based on metal magnetic memory method[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2014.
[21]任吉林,林俊明,任文坚,等.金属磁记忆检测技术研究现状与发展前景[J].无损检测,2012,34(4):3-11.REN Ji-lin,LIN Jun-ming,REN Wen-jian,et al.Metal magnetic memory testing technology development status and prospects[J].Nondestructive Testing,2012,34(4):3-11.
[22]任尚坤,李新蕾,任吉林,等.金属磁记忆检测技术的物理机理[J].南昌航空大学学报:自然科学版,2008,22(2):11-17.REN Shang-kun,LI Xin-lei,REN Ji-lin,et al.Studies on physical mechanism of metal magnetic memory testing technique[J].Journal of Nanchang Hangkong University:Natural Science,2008,22(2):11-17.
[2]赵华赟.超声导波在钢绞线中传播特性研究及应用[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2014.ZHAO Hua-yun.Research and application of ultrasonic waves in multi-wire strands[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astrcnautics,2014.
[3]尚鑫,徐岳.基于灰色理论的斜拉桥拉索安全性评价[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2004,24(1):52-55.SHANG Xin,XU Yue.Safety-based cables'condition evaluation of cable stayed bridge with grey theory[J].Journal of Chang'an University:Natural Science Edition,2004,24(1):52-54.
[4]吴甜宇,李涛.交变应力与环境耦合作用下拉索腐蚀疲劳损伤机理研究[J].公路,2015(4):104-109.WU Tian-yu,LI Tao.Damage and failure mechanism of the stayed-cable with corrosion fatigue under alternating stress and environmental coupling[J].Highway,2015(4):104-109.
[5]王平光.桥梁拉索腐蚀损伤声发射监测及模式识别[D].大连:大连理工大学,2015.WANG Ping-guang.Acoustic emission monitoring and pattern recognition for bridge cable corrosion damage[D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2015.
[6]宋永生,丁幼亮,曹一山,等.金属磁记忆检测方法在钢结构静载与疲劳试验中的应用研究[J].科学技术与工程,2016,16(12):125-128,176.SONG Yong-sheng,DING You-liang,CAO Yi-shan,et al.Metal magnetic memory testing method and its application for static load and fatigue test in steel structure[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2016,16(12):125-128,176.
[7]徐敏强,李建伟,冷建成,等.金属磁记忆检测技术机理模型[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2010,42(1):16-19.XU Min-qiang,LI Jian-wei,LENG Jian-cheng,et al.Physical mechanism model of the metal magnetic memory testing technology[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2010,42(1):16-19.
[8]王正道,姚凯,沈恺,等.金属磁记忆检测技术研究进展及若干讨论[J].实验力学,2012,27(2):129-139.WANG Zheng-dao,YAO Kai,SHEN Kai,et al.Advances and evaluation of metal magnetic memory NDTtechnique[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,2012,27(2):129-139.
[9]DONG L H,XU B S,DONG S Y,et al.Metal magnetic memory testing for early damage assessment in ferromagnetic materials[J].Journal of Central South University of Technology,2005,12(2):102-106.
[10]DUBOV A A.A study of metal properties using the method of magnetic memory[J].Metal Science&Heat Treatment,1997,39(9):401-405.
[11]JILES D C,ATHERTON D L.Theory of the magnetisation process in ferromagnets and its application to the magnetomechanical effect[J].Journal of Physics D:Applied Physics,1984,17(6):1265-1281.
[12]JILES D C,LI L.A new approach to modeling the magnetomechanical effect[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2004,95(11):7058-7060.
[13]WILSON J W,TIAN G Y,BARRANS S.Residual magnetic field sensing for stress measurement[J].Sensors&Actuators A:Physical,2007,135(2):381-387.
[14]WANG Z D,YAO K,DENG B,et al.Theoretical studies of metal magnetic memory technique on magnetic flux leakage signals[J].NDT&E International,2010,43(4):354-359.
[15]任吉林,陈晨,刘昌奎,等.磁记忆检测力-磁效应微观机理的试验研究[J].航空材料学报,2008,28(5):41-44.REN Ji-lin,CHEN Chen,LIU Chang-kui,et al.Experimental research on microcosmic mechanism of stress-magnetic effect for magnetic memory testing[J].Journal of Aeronautical Materials,2008,28(5):41-44.
[16]宋凯,任吉林,任尚坤,等.基于磁畴聚合模型的磁记忆效应机理研究[J].无损检测,2007,29(6):312-314.SONG Kai,REN Ji-lin,REN Shang-kun,et al.Study on the mechanism of magnetic memory effect based on polymerization model of magnetic domain[J].Nondestructive Testing,2007,29(6):312-314.
[17]周培,任吉林,孙金立,等.李萨如图在磁记忆二维定量检测中的应用[J].航空学报,2013,34(8):1990-1997.ZHOU Pei,REN Ji-lin,SUN Jin-li,et al.Application of Lissajous figure in two-dimensional magnetic memory detection[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2013,34(8):1990-1997.
[18]JIAN X L,JIAN X C,DENG G Y.Experiment on relationship between the magnetic gradient of low-carbon steel and its stress[J].Journal of Magnetism&Magnetic Materials,2009,321(21):3600-3606.
[19]冷建成,张经纬,高雅田.基于休哈特控制图的磁记忆早期损伤检测方法[J].中国安全科学学报,2017,27(2):81-85.LENG Jian-cheng,ZHANG Jing-wei,GAO Ya-tian.Magnetic memory detection method for early damage based on Shewhart control chart[J].China Safety Science Journal,2017,27(2):81-85.
[20]姚凯.基于金属磁记忆法的铁磁材料早期损伤检测与评价的实验研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2014.YAO Kai.Experimental research on testing and evaluating of early damage of ferromagnetic materials based on metal magnetic memory method[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2014.
[21]任吉林,林俊明,任文坚,等.金属磁记忆检测技术研究现状与发展前景[J].无损检测,2012,34(4):3-11.REN Ji-lin,LIN Jun-ming,REN Wen-jian,et al.Metal magnetic memory testing technology development status and prospects[J].Nondestructive Testing,2012,34(4):3-11.
[22]任尚坤,李新蕾,任吉林,等.金属磁记忆检测技术的物理机理[J].南昌航空大学学报:自然科学版,2008,22(2):11-17.REN Shang-kun,LI Xin-lei,REN Ji-lin,et al.Studies on physical mechanism of metal magnetic memory testing technique[J].Journal of Nanchang Hangkong University:Natural Science,2008,22(2):11-17.