复杂室内环境下基于CSI的定位方法
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摘要
信道状态信息(CSI, channel state information)可以提供更详细具体的子载波信息,在室内定位技术领域引起研究人员的关注和重视。针对传统室内定位方法在复杂室内环境下准确性及稳定性方面的不足,提出了一种可以用于复杂室内环境的定位方法,命名为Com Loc。主要解决了复杂环境中无线信号多径效应和噪声干扰对定位精度的影响,并讨论了CSI信号存在的误差,分析CSI相位信息对室内环境的敏感性,提出可信载波链路的思想,通过相位差选取可靠、稳定的链路信号来减少对位置的误判,同时对CSI的相位误差进行校准,提取信号变化的特征。实验结果分析表明,Com Loc在室内复杂环境下的定位结果具有高效性和有效性。
Channel state information can provide more detailed sub-carrier information, which attracts the attention of researchers in indoor localization technology. In view of the shortcomings of the traditional indoor location method in the accuracy and stability of the complex indoor environment, an indoor localization method named ComLoc was proposed which could be applied to complex indoor environment, solved the influence of the multipath effect and noise interference on the positioning precision. The error of CSI signal was discussed, the sensitivity of CSI phase information to indoor environment was analyzed and the idea of trusted carrier link was proposed. By selecting reliable and stable link signal by phase difference, the misjudgment of position could be reduced. Based on many numerous experiments, the phase error of CSI was calibrated, and the characteristics of signal variation were extracted. The experimental results show that ComLoc is effective and efficient in the complex indoor environment.
Channel state information can provide more detailed sub-carrier information, which attracts the attention of researchers in indoor localization technology. In view of the shortcomings of the traditional indoor location method in the accuracy and stability of the complex indoor environment, an indoor localization method named ComLoc was proposed which could be applied to complex indoor environment, solved the influence of the multipath effect and noise interference on the positioning precision. The error of CSI signal was discussed, the sensitivity of CSI phase information to indoor environment was analyzed and the idea of trusted carrier link was proposed. By selecting reliable and stable link signal by phase difference, the misjudgment of position could be reduced. Based on many numerous experiments, the phase error of CSI was calibrated, and the characteristics of signal variation were extracted. The experimental results show that ComLoc is effective and efficient in the complex indoor environment.
引文
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[2]ZAFARI F,GKELIAS A,LEUNG K.A survey of indoor localization systems and technologies[J].ArXiv Preprint ArXiv,2017.
[3]庞茂,王玫,宋浠瑜,等.基于声波测距与PDR融合的手机室内定位方法[J].物联网学报,2018,2(2):58-64.PANG M,WANG M,SONG X Y,et al.Smartphone-based indoor localization by fusion of acoustic ranging and PDR[J].Chinese Journal on Internet of Things,2018,2(2):58-64.
[4]BARSOCCHI P,LENZI S,CHESSA S,et al.A novel approach to indoor RSSI localization by automatic calibration of the wireless propagation model[C]//Vehicular Technology Conference,April 26-29,2009,Barcelona,Spain.Piscataway:IEEE Press,2009:1-5.
[5]YOUSSEF M,AGRAWALA A.The horus WLAN location determination system[C]//Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Mobile Systems,Applications and Services,June 6-8,2005,Seattle,Washington.New York:ACM,2005:205-218.
[6]WU K,XIAO J,YI Y,et al.CSI-based indoor localization[J].IEEETransactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems,2013,24(7):1300-1309.
[7]杨铮,吴陈沐,刘云浩.位置计算:无线网络定位与可定位性[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2014.YANG Z,WU C M,LIU Y H.Location-based computing:localization and localizability of wireless networks[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2014.
[8]QIAN K,WU C,YANG Z,et al.PADS:passive detection of moving targets with dynamic speed using PHY layer information[C]//201420th IEEE International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems(ICPADS),December 16-19,2014,Hsinchu,China.Piscataway:IEEE Press,2014:1-8.
[9]WANG Z,GUO B,YU Z,et al.Wi-Fi CSI based behavior recognition:from signals,actions to activities[J].IEEE Communitications Magazine,2018,56(5):109-115.
[10]XIE Y,LI Z,LI M.Precise power delay profiling with commodity Wi-Fi[C]//Proceedings of the 21st Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking,September 7-11,2015,Paris,France.New York:ACM,2015:53-64.
[11]ZOU Y,LIU W,WU K,et al.Wi-Fi radar:recognizing human behavior with commodity Wi-Fi[J].IEEE Communications Magazine,2017,55(10):105-111.
[12]WU K,XIAO J,YI Y,et al.Fila:fine-grained indoor localization[C]//2012 Proceedings IEEE INFOCOM,March 25-30,2012,Orlando,USA.Piscataway:IEEE Press,2012:2210-2218.
[13]QIAN K,WU C,YANG Z,et al.Enabling contactless detection of moving humans with dynamic speeds using CSI[J].ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems(TECS),2018,17(2):52.
[14]ZHOU Z,YANG Z,WU C,et al.Wi-Fi based indoor line-of-sight identification[J].IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications,2015,14(11):6125-6136.
[15]QIAN K,WU C,YANG Z,et al.Widar:decimeter-level passive tracking via velocity monitoring with commodity Wi-Fi[C]//Proceedings of the18th ACM International Symposium on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing,July 10-14,2017,Chennai,India.New York:ACM,2017:6.
[16]WU D,ZHANG D,XU C,et al.Device-free Wi-Fi human sensing:from pattern-based to model-based approaches[J].IEEE Communications Magazine,2017,55(10):91-97.
[17]ZHANG F,ZHANG D,XIONG J,et al.From fresnel diffraction model to fine-grained human respiration sensing with commodity Wi-Fi devices[J].Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive,Mobile,Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies,2018,2(1):53.
[18]陈晓江,陈丽丽,李博航,等.面向多重应用的高鲁棒被动式定位模型研究[J].计算机学报,2017:1-12.HEN X J,CHEN L L,LI B H,et al.Research on high robust device-free localization model for multiple applications[J].Chinese Journal of Computers,2017:1-12.
[19]JIANG Y,PAN X,LI K,et al.ARIEL:automatic Wi-Fi based room fingerprinting for indoor localization[C]//ACM Conference on Ubiquitous Computing,September 5-8,2012,Pittsburgh,Pennsylvania.New York:ACM,2012:441-450.
[20]YANG Z,ZHOU Z,LIU Y.From RSSI to CSI:indoor localization via channel response[J].ACM Computing Surveys,2014,46(2):1-32.
[21]朱荣,白光伟,沈航,等.基于贝叶斯过滤法的CSI室内定位方法[J].计算机工程与设计,2015(3):567-571.ZHU R,BAI G W,SHEN H,et al.Bayesian filtering based CSI indoor localization method[J].Computer Engineering and Design,2015(3):567-571.
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[23]XIAO J,WU K,YI Y,et al.FIFS:fine-grained indoor fingerprinting system[C]//International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks,July 30-August 2,2012,Munich,Germany.Piscataway:IEEE Press,2012:1-7.
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[25]CHAPRE Y,IGNJATOVIC A,SENEVIRATNE A,et al.CSI-MIMO:an efficient Wi-Fi fingerprinting using channel state information with MIMO[J].Pervasive&Mobile Computing,2015,23:89-103.
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[27]WU C,YANG Z,ZHOU Z,et al.PhaseU:real-time LOS identification with Wi-Fi[C]//Computer Communications,April 26-May 1,2015,Kowloon,China.Piscataway:IEEE Press,2015:2038-2046.
[28]HUANG X,GUO S,WU Y,et al.A fine-grained indoor fingerprinting localization based on magnetic field strength and channel state information[J].Pervasive and Mobile Computing,2017,41:150-165.
[29]ZHANG L,DING E,ZHAO Z,et al.A novel fingerprinting using channel state information with MIMO-OFDM[J].Cluster Computing,2017,20(4):3299-3312.
[30]HAN S,LI Y,MENG W,et al.Indoor localization with a single Wi-Fi access point based on OFDM-MIMO[J].IEEE Systems Journal,2018,PP(99):1-9.
[31]YU N,WANG W,LIU A X,et al.QGesture:quantifying gesture distance and direction with Wi-Fi signals[J].Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive,Mobile,Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies,2018,2(1):51.
[32]ZHU J,IM Y,MISHRA S,et al.Calibrating time-variant,device-specific phase noise for COTS Wi-Fi devices[C]//Proceedings of the 15th ACM Conference on Embedded Network Sensor Systems,November 6-8,2017,Delft,Netherlands.New York:ACM,2017:15.
[33]党小超,司雄,郝占军,等.一种基于CSI的无源室内指纹定位算法[J].计算机工程,2018:1-7.DANG X C,SI X,HAO Z J,et al.A CSI-based passive indoor fingerprint location algorithm[J].Computer Engineering,2018:1-7.
[34]SEN S,RADUNOVI B,CHOUDHURY R R,et al.Spot localization using PHY layer information[J].Inproceedings,2012.
[35]VASISHT D,KUMAR S,KATABI D.Decimeter-level localization with a single Wi-Fi access point[C]//NSDI,March 16-18,2016,Santa Clara,CA.CA:USENIX Association,2016,16:165-178.