噪声对安全注意力影响实验研究
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摘要
为了研究作业环境中噪声因素对人的安全注意力的影响,对安全注意力类型及品质特征进行分析,建立安全注意力水平模型。设计噪声条件下的安全注意力水平测量实验,通过实验中不同噪声环境下人的安全注意力水平变化,分析噪声对人的安全注意力的影响作用。结果表明,噪声对人的安全注意力具有较为显著的影响作用;安全注意力的广度、稳定性、分配、转移均受噪声影响,安全注意力的稳定性及转移随噪声的增大而降低;当噪声值大于60 d B、70 d B时,噪声对安全注意力的广度及分配的影响较为显著。
In order to study the influence of noise factors on safety attention of human in working enviroument,the types and quality characteristics of safety attention were analyzed,and a model on safety attention level was established. The measurement experiment on safety attention level under noise conditions was designed,and the effect of noise on safety attention of human was obtained by analyzing the change in safety attention level of human under different noise environments in the experiment. The results showed that noise has a significant effect on safety attention of human. All the breadth,stability,allocation and transfer of safety attention are affected by noise. The stability and transfer of safety attention decreases with the increase of noise. The noise has a significant effect on the breadth and allocation of safety attention when the noise value is greater than 60 d B and 70 d B respectively.
In order to study the influence of noise factors on safety attention of human in working enviroument,the types and quality characteristics of safety attention were analyzed,and a model on safety attention level was established. The measurement experiment on safety attention level under noise conditions was designed,and the effect of noise on safety attention of human was obtained by analyzing the change in safety attention level of human under different noise environments in the experiment. The results showed that noise has a significant effect on safety attention of human. All the breadth,stability,allocation and transfer of safety attention are affected by noise. The stability and transfer of safety attention decreases with the increase of noise. The noise has a significant effect on the breadth and allocation of safety attention when the noise value is greater than 60 d B and 70 d B respectively.
引文
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[3]李乃文,金洪礼.基于情境认知的安全注意力研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2013,23(9):58-63.LI Naiwen,JIN Hongli.Study on safety attention based on situation cognition theory[J].China Safety Science Journal,2013,23(9):58-63.
[4]成连华,李树刚,林海飞,等.基于情景认知的煤矿瓦斯爆炸事故进程研究[J].煤矿安全,2010,41(9):108-111.CHENG Lianhua,LI Shugang,LIN Haifei,et al.Research on the process of coal mine gas explosion accident based on situation cognition[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2010,41(9):108-111.
[5]郭孜政,陈崇双,陈亚青.高负荷驾驶任务下驾驶员注意力状态概率模型[J].西南交通大学学报,2009,44(4):541-546.GUO Zizheng,CHEN Chongshuang,CHEN Yaqing.Probability model for driver attention state under high driving load[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2009,44(4):541-546.
[6]毕作枝,祖海芹.煤矿员工不安全心理及其影响因素[J].矿业工程研究,2009,24(3):74-78.BI Zuozhi,ZU Haiqin.Risky psychology and influencing factors of coalmine workers[J].Mineral Engineering Research,2009,24(3):74-78.
[7]朱智贤.心理学大词典[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社,1989:175.
[8]戴立峰.安全注意力在安全管理中的作用[J].电力安全技术,2006,8(9):20-22.DAI Lifeng.The role of safety attention in safety management[J].Electric Safety Technology,2006,8(9):20-22.
[9]彭聃龄.普通心理学[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社,2012:218.
[10]殷恒婵.青少年注意力测验与评价指标的研究[J].中国体育科技,2006,39(3):51-53.YIN Hengchan.The Research on concentration test and evaluation index for adolescence[J].China Sport Science and Technology,2006,39(3):51-53.
[11]阳静,刘本燕,凌莉,等.噪声对大学生注意力的影响[J].环境与职业医学,2014,31(2):119-121.YANG Jing,LIU Benyan,LING Li,et al.Effect of noise on college students’attention[J].Journal of Environmental&Occupational Medicine,2014,31(2):119-121.
[12]周台杰,邱上真,宋淑慧.多向度注意力测验指导手册[M].台湾:心理出版社,1992:37.
[13]孟海江,周成林,金树达.运动员注意力特征与速度--准确性相关研究的回顾与展望[J].辽宁体育科技,2006,28(2):45-46.MENG Haijiang,ZHOU Chenglin,JIN Shuda.Retrospect of the accuracy-related research about athletes’attention characteristics and the speed[J].Liaoning Sport Science and Technology.2006,28(2):45-46.
[14]刘建义.儿童在不同运动负荷后注意力品质差异性研究[D].上海:上海体育学院,2013.