内部控制审计中存在审计意见购买行为吗?——来自中国上市公司内部控制审计的经验证据
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摘要
内部控制审计是监管层规范公司内部控制并保障投资者利益的一项重要监管措施和制度安排,然而由于内部控制审计意见的形成具有不可预测性,从而给内部控制审计意见购买带来便利。研究发现:中国的内部控制审计中存在一定程度的审计意见购买行为,且在非国有控股企业中更加显著。升级高行业专长审计师可以抑制内部控制审计意见购买行为。进一步分析发现内部控制审计师并不能帮助公司修正内部控制缺陷,说明内控审计意见的改善存在审计意见购买行为。研究增加了中国内部控制审计意见购买的经验证据,同时对投资者和监管层的投资决策和制定监管政策具有一定的现实意义和参考价值。
Internal control audit is an important regulatory measure and institutional arrangement for the administrator level to regulate internal control of the company and to safeguard the interests of the investors. However, due to the unpredictability in the formation of the internal control audit opinions, it is conducive to the occurrence of internal control opinion shopping. The empirical results suggest that there does exist certain scope of audit opinions shopping in China's internal audit control, and it is more significant in non-state-owned companies. The shopping behavior can be restrained by upgrading high auditor industry specialization. Further analysis finds that internal control auditor can not help the company to correct internal control deficiencies, which shows that there is audit opinion shopping in the improvement of internal audit control. This paper enriches the empirical evidence for internal control opinion shopping in China and is also of great realistic significance and reference value for investors and regulators to make investment decisions and formulate relevant policies.
Internal control audit is an important regulatory measure and institutional arrangement for the administrator level to regulate internal control of the company and to safeguard the interests of the investors. However, due to the unpredictability in the formation of the internal control audit opinions, it is conducive to the occurrence of internal control opinion shopping. The empirical results suggest that there does exist certain scope of audit opinions shopping in China's internal audit control, and it is more significant in non-state-owned companies. The shopping behavior can be restrained by upgrading high auditor industry specialization. Further analysis finds that internal control auditor can not help the company to correct internal control deficiencies, which shows that there is audit opinion shopping in the improvement of internal audit control. This paper enriches the empirical evidence for internal control opinion shopping in China and is also of great realistic significance and reference value for investors and regulators to make investment decisions and formulate relevant policies.
引文
常京萍,侯晓红.2014.重大资产重组、审计师行业专长与审计师变更[J].审计与经济研究(4):30-39.
黄崑,张立民.2010.监管政策、审计师变更与后任审计师谨慎型[J].审计研究(4):65-74.
雷卫,何杰.2018.资本结构选择、内部控制与企业并购绩效——基于A股上市公司的经验研究[J].经济经纬(1):108-114.
刘明辉.2010.内部控制鉴证:争论与选择 [J].会计研究(9):43-50.
佘晓燕,邱炀.2018.上市公司风险如何影响审计师变更——基于内部控制缺陷披露的研究[J].企业经济(6):61-67.
宋衍蘅,何玉润.2008.监管压力与审计市场竞争压力:注册会计师的权衡——以长期资产减值准备为例[J].管理世界(5):144-150.
吴联生.2005.审计意见购买:行为特征与监管策略[J].经济研究(7):66-76.
吴溪,杨育龙,陈旭霞.2016.“非清洁”内控审计意见的市场反应充分吗?[J].审计研究(1):60-67.
王超.2019.国际投资仲裁对知识产权地域性的应对[J].河南财经政法大学学报(1):136-146.
王良成,陈汉文.2017.内部控制在增发融资中的作用:中国的证据[J].经济理论与经济管理(7):17-30.
张文杰,张晓岚,宋贵芳.2006.股权结构对审计师变更行为影响的实证研究[J].管理评论 (11):3-7.
张敏,张卓然,张雯.2012.企业产权、财务重述与审计师变更——来自中国公司的经验证据[J].财经研究(5):134-143.
ASHBAUGH-SKAIFE H,COLLINS D W,KINNEY W R,et al.2009.The effect of SOX internal control deficiencies on firm risk and cost of equity [J].Journal of Accounting Research,47(1):1-43.
CHAN K H,LIN K Z,MO P L.2006.A political-economic analysis of auditor reporting and auditor switches[J].Review of Accounting Studies,11(1):21-48.
DEFOND M,ZHANG J.2014.A review of archival auditing research[J].Journal of Accounting and Economics,58(3):275-326.
DEFOND M L,LENNOX C S.2017.Do PCAOB inspections improve the quality of internal control audits [J].Journal of Accounting Research,55(3):591-627.
ETTREDGE M L,LI C,SUN L.2011a.The impact of SOX section 404 internal control quality assessment on audit delay in the SOX era[J].Auditing A Journal of Practice & Theory,25(2):1-23.
ETTREDGE M L,LI C,SCHOLZ S.2011b.Auditor realignments accompanying implementation of SOX 404 ICFR reporting requirements [J].Accounting Horizons,25(1):17-39.
LENNOX C.2000.Do companies successfully engage in opinion-shopping?Evidence from the UK[J].Journal of Accounting and Economics,29(3):321-337.
NEWTON N J,PERSELLIN J S,WANG D,et al.2016.Internal control opinion shopping and audit market competition[J].The Accounting Review,96(2):603-623.
①使用被审计客户占行业市场份额高低来评价审计行业专长。
②在统计样本中,升级高行业专长审计师的样本比例仅为15%,总变更样本1063。
③篇幅限制部分检验数据结果未列示。
④统计样本基于251个收到非标准内部控制审计意见的公司。
⑤Remediate为内控缺陷得到修复表示为1,反之为0。Nextspecial为上期被出具非标准内部控制审计意见后继任内部控制审计师为高行业专长时取1,反之为0。
黄崑,张立民.2010.监管政策、审计师变更与后任审计师谨慎型[J].审计研究(4):65-74.
雷卫,何杰.2018.资本结构选择、内部控制与企业并购绩效——基于A股上市公司的经验研究[J].经济经纬(1):108-114.
刘明辉.2010.内部控制鉴证:争论与选择 [J].会计研究(9):43-50.
佘晓燕,邱炀.2018.上市公司风险如何影响审计师变更——基于内部控制缺陷披露的研究[J].企业经济(6):61-67.
宋衍蘅,何玉润.2008.监管压力与审计市场竞争压力:注册会计师的权衡——以长期资产减值准备为例[J].管理世界(5):144-150.
吴联生.2005.审计意见购买:行为特征与监管策略[J].经济研究(7):66-76.
吴溪,杨育龙,陈旭霞.2016.“非清洁”内控审计意见的市场反应充分吗?[J].审计研究(1):60-67.
王超.2019.国际投资仲裁对知识产权地域性的应对[J].河南财经政法大学学报(1):136-146.
王良成,陈汉文.2017.内部控制在增发融资中的作用:中国的证据[J].经济理论与经济管理(7):17-30.
张文杰,张晓岚,宋贵芳.2006.股权结构对审计师变更行为影响的实证研究[J].管理评论 (11):3-7.
张敏,张卓然,张雯.2012.企业产权、财务重述与审计师变更——来自中国公司的经验证据[J].财经研究(5):134-143.
ASHBAUGH-SKAIFE H,COLLINS D W,KINNEY W R,et al.2009.The effect of SOX internal control deficiencies on firm risk and cost of equity [J].Journal of Accounting Research,47(1):1-43.
CHAN K H,LIN K Z,MO P L.2006.A political-economic analysis of auditor reporting and auditor switches[J].Review of Accounting Studies,11(1):21-48.
DEFOND M,ZHANG J.2014.A review of archival auditing research[J].Journal of Accounting and Economics,58(3):275-326.
DEFOND M L,LENNOX C S.2017.Do PCAOB inspections improve the quality of internal control audits [J].Journal of Accounting Research,55(3):591-627.
ETTREDGE M L,LI C,SUN L.2011a.The impact of SOX section 404 internal control quality assessment on audit delay in the SOX era[J].Auditing A Journal of Practice & Theory,25(2):1-23.
ETTREDGE M L,LI C,SCHOLZ S.2011b.Auditor realignments accompanying implementation of SOX 404 ICFR reporting requirements [J].Accounting Horizons,25(1):17-39.
LENNOX C.2000.Do companies successfully engage in opinion-shopping?Evidence from the UK[J].Journal of Accounting and Economics,29(3):321-337.
NEWTON N J,PERSELLIN J S,WANG D,et al.2016.Internal control opinion shopping and audit market competition[J].The Accounting Review,96(2):603-623.
①使用被审计客户占行业市场份额高低来评价审计行业专长。
②在统计样本中,升级高行业专长审计师的样本比例仅为15%,总变更样本1063。
③篇幅限制部分检验数据结果未列示。
④统计样本基于251个收到非标准内部控制审计意见的公司。
⑤Remediate为内控缺陷得到修复表示为1,反之为0。Nextspecial为上期被出具非标准内部控制审计意见后继任内部控制审计师为高行业专长时取1,反之为0。