饲粮蛋氨酸水平对羊驼生产性能、养分表观消化率和血清生化指标的影响
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摘要
本试验旨在研究饲粮蛋氨酸水平对羊驼生产性能、养分表观消化率和血清生化指标的影响。选用体重相近的26月龄母羊驼9只,随机分为3个组,每组3个重复,每个重复1只。各组饲粮蛋氨酸水平分别为0.16%、0.32%、0.64%,采用全混合日粮进行饲养试验和代谢试验。预试期7 d,正试期60 d。结果表明:1)0.32%组和0.64%组羊驼平均日采食量、平均日增重、单位体表面积产毛量显著高于0.16%组(P<0.05),0.32%组略高于0.64%组(P>0.05)。2)粗蛋白质、中性洗涤纤维、粗纤维和钙表观消化率均以0.32%组最高,与0.16%组差异显著(P<0.05);0.32%组酸性洗涤纤维表观消化率显著高于0.64%组(P<0.05);0.32%组和0.64%组蛋氨酸表观消化率极显著高于0.16%组(P<0.01)。3)各组间羊驼血清谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶活性及甘油三酯、葡萄糖、尿素氮和总蛋白含量均无显著差异(P>0.05)。由此可见,在本试验条件下,母羊驼饲粮适宜蛋氨酸水平为0.32%。
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary methionine level on performance,nutrient apparent digestibility and serum biochemical indexes of alpacas. Nine 26-month-old female alpacas with similar body weight were randomly divided into three groups with 3 replicates in each group and 1 alpaca in each replicate. The methionine levels were set with 0.16%,0.32% and 0.64% in each group. The feeding experiment and digestion experiment were conducted with total mixed ration. The pre-experimental period lasted for 7 days,and the experimental period lasted for 60 days. The results showed as follows: 1) the average daily feed intake,average daily gain and wool production of body surface area per cm2 of alpacas of group 0.32%and group 0. 64% were significantly higher than those of group 0. 16%( P < 0. 05),and group 0. 32% was slightly higher than those of group 0.64%( P>0.05). 2) The apparent digestibilities of crude protein,neutral detergent fiber,crude fiber and calcium of group 0.32% was the highest,and significantly higher than those of group 0.16%( P<0.05); the acid detergent fiber apparent digestibility of group 0.32% was significantly higher than that of group 0.64%( P<0.05); the methionine apparent digestibility of group 0.32% and group 0.64%was significantly higher than that of group 0.16%( P<0.01). 3) The activities of alanine transaminase,aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase in serum of alpacas had no significant difference among all groups( P>0.05),as well as the contents of triglyceride,glucose,usea nitrogen and total protein in serum of alpacas( P>0.05). In conclusion,the optimal dietary methionine level of female alpacas is 0.32% under the condition of this experiment.
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary methionine level on performance,nutrient apparent digestibility and serum biochemical indexes of alpacas. Nine 26-month-old female alpacas with similar body weight were randomly divided into three groups with 3 replicates in each group and 1 alpaca in each replicate. The methionine levels were set with 0.16%,0.32% and 0.64% in each group. The feeding experiment and digestion experiment were conducted with total mixed ration. The pre-experimental period lasted for 7 days,and the experimental period lasted for 60 days. The results showed as follows: 1) the average daily feed intake,average daily gain and wool production of body surface area per cm2 of alpacas of group 0.32%and group 0. 64% were significantly higher than those of group 0. 16%( P < 0. 05),and group 0. 32% was slightly higher than those of group 0.64%( P>0.05). 2) The apparent digestibilities of crude protein,neutral detergent fiber,crude fiber and calcium of group 0.32% was the highest,and significantly higher than those of group 0.16%( P<0.05); the acid detergent fiber apparent digestibility of group 0.32% was significantly higher than that of group 0.64%( P<0.05); the methionine apparent digestibility of group 0.32% and group 0.64%was significantly higher than that of group 0.16%( P<0.01). 3) The activities of alanine transaminase,aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase in serum of alpacas had no significant difference among all groups( P>0.05),as well as the contents of triglyceride,glucose,usea nitrogen and total protein in serum of alpacas( P>0.05). In conclusion,the optimal dietary methionine level of female alpacas is 0.32% under the condition of this experiment.
引文
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[4]杨启堂.新疆羊驼养殖业的进展研究[J].新疆畜牧业,2015(S1):2-5.
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[7]燕磊,杨维仁,杨在宾,等.不同水平瘤胃保护性蛋氨酸对小尾寒羊氮代谢及生产性能的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2005,26(6):27-30.
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[9]武安泉,杨开伦.瘤胃投注N-乙酰-DL-蛋氨酸对新疆美利奴羯羊表观消失率及瘤胃液稀释率的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2013,52(11):2588-2590.
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[11]黄兴禄,赫晓燕,毕建敏,等.羊驼内脏的系统解剖学特征[J].动物医学进展,2005,26(9):105-107.
[12]王杰,崔凯,王世琴,等.饲粮蛋氨酸水平对湖羊公羔营养物质消化、胃肠道p H及血清指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(8):3004-3013.
[13]毛成文.包被蛋氨酸和赖氨酸对肉羊氮代谢和生产性能影响研究[D].硕士学位论文.北京:中国农业大学,2004:42-45.
[14]燕磊.瘤胃保护性蛋氨酸对小尾寒羊氨基酸代谢影响的研究[D].硕士学位论文.泰安:山东农业大学,2005:61-69.
[15]密士恒,王晓凤,马慧.瘤胃保护性蛋氨酸对肉羊氮代谢及生长性能的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2010,46(7):43-45.
[16]胡昕,魏佩玲,张敏,等.羊驼毛品质分析研究[J].家畜生态学报,2014,35(3):50-52.
[17]姜淑贞,杨在宾,杨维仁.反刍动物与蛋氨酸营养[J].中国饲料,2001(20):17-19.
[18]高红建.氮-羟甲基蛋氨酸钙对绵羊瘤胃代谢及营养物质消化代谢的影响[D].硕士学位论文.北京.中国农业科学院,2002:20-31.
[19]RULQUIN H,DELABY L.Effects of the energy balance of dairy cow s on lactational responses to rum enprotected m ethionine[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1997,80(10):2513-2522.
[20]孙菲菲.胆碱和蛋氨酸对奶牛围产期营养平衡和机体健康的影响及机制[D].硕士学位论文.杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2017:50-65.
[21]毕晓华,张晓明.过瘤胃保护蛋氨酸对奶牛氨基酸代谢和血液生化指标的影响[J].饲料研究,2014(21):48-53.
[22]孙敏.不同精料蛋白质水平对羊驼日粮营养物质消化及生产性能的影响[D].硕士学位论文.晋中:山西农业大学,2005:19-22.
[23]王海东,董常生,李宏全,等.羊驼31项血清生化指标的测定与分析[J].畜牧兽医杂志,2008,27(5):5-8,12.
[2]TAPIA M E.Some aspects in alpaca nutrition[J].Projiect Alpaca,2001,23(2):10-13.
[3]李涛.羊驼的饲养管理和生活习性初报[J].贵州畜牧兽医,2004,28(5)46.
[4]杨启堂.新疆羊驼养殖业的进展研究[J].新疆畜牧业,2015(S1):2-5.
[5]王萌,周玉香,张艳梅,等.过瘤胃蛋氨酸对舍饲滩羊生产性能的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2017,38(1):36-38,51.
[6]MOORE K E,MALONEY S K,VAUGHAN J L,et al.Rum en-protected m ethionine supplem entation and fibre production in alpacas(Vicugna pacos)[J].Journal of Anim al Physiology and Anim al Nutrition,2013,97(6):1084-1090.
[7]燕磊,杨维仁,杨在宾,等.不同水平瘤胃保护性蛋氨酸对小尾寒羊氮代谢及生产性能的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2005,26(6):27-30.
[8]董常生.羊驼学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2010:149-163.
[9]武安泉,杨开伦.瘤胃投注N-乙酰-DL-蛋氨酸对新疆美利奴羯羊表观消失率及瘤胃液稀释率的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2013,52(11):2588-2590.
[10]张丽英.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].3版.北京:中国农业大学出版社,2007:49-74.
[11]黄兴禄,赫晓燕,毕建敏,等.羊驼内脏的系统解剖学特征[J].动物医学进展,2005,26(9):105-107.
[12]王杰,崔凯,王世琴,等.饲粮蛋氨酸水平对湖羊公羔营养物质消化、胃肠道p H及血清指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(8):3004-3013.
[13]毛成文.包被蛋氨酸和赖氨酸对肉羊氮代谢和生产性能影响研究[D].硕士学位论文.北京:中国农业大学,2004:42-45.
[14]燕磊.瘤胃保护性蛋氨酸对小尾寒羊氨基酸代谢影响的研究[D].硕士学位论文.泰安:山东农业大学,2005:61-69.
[15]密士恒,王晓凤,马慧.瘤胃保护性蛋氨酸对肉羊氮代谢及生长性能的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2010,46(7):43-45.
[16]胡昕,魏佩玲,张敏,等.羊驼毛品质分析研究[J].家畜生态学报,2014,35(3):50-52.
[17]姜淑贞,杨在宾,杨维仁.反刍动物与蛋氨酸营养[J].中国饲料,2001(20):17-19.
[18]高红建.氮-羟甲基蛋氨酸钙对绵羊瘤胃代谢及营养物质消化代谢的影响[D].硕士学位论文.北京.中国农业科学院,2002:20-31.
[19]RULQUIN H,DELABY L.Effects of the energy balance of dairy cow s on lactational responses to rum enprotected m ethionine[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1997,80(10):2513-2522.
[20]孙菲菲.胆碱和蛋氨酸对奶牛围产期营养平衡和机体健康的影响及机制[D].硕士学位论文.杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2017:50-65.
[21]毕晓华,张晓明.过瘤胃保护蛋氨酸对奶牛氨基酸代谢和血液生化指标的影响[J].饲料研究,2014(21):48-53.
[22]孙敏.不同精料蛋白质水平对羊驼日粮营养物质消化及生产性能的影响[D].硕士学位论文.晋中:山西农业大学,2005:19-22.
[23]王海东,董常生,李宏全,等.羊驼31项血清生化指标的测定与分析[J].畜牧兽医杂志,2008,27(5):5-8,12.