低密度隔热材料的性能研究
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摘要
通过调整空心微珠的含量制备了六种适合缠绕成型的低密度预浸布,并利用重叠缠绕、热压固化的方式制备了相应的低密度隔热材料,研究了空心微珠含量对低密度预浸布指标的影响,同时对相应低密度隔热材料的孔隙率、微观结构、力学性能、热学性能进行了系统研究。预浸布指标测试结果表明,随着空心微珠含量的提高,树脂糊的粘度逐渐增大,预浸布的树脂含量测量值离散更大。孔隙率结果表明,随着空心微珠含量的提高,低密度隔热材料的孔隙率明显提高。微观形貌结果表明,未发现明显的空心微珠聚集现象,随着空心微珠含量的提高,材料表面出现了明显的孔隙。力学性能测试表明,随着空心微珠含量的提高,材料的母向和周向拉伸强度、压缩强度逐渐降低。热学性能结果表明,导热系数、热扩散系数随着空心微珠含量的提高逐渐降低,材料的隔热性能更好。
Low density ablative materials have been arousing a great deal of interest from researchers and academics, but few studies have analyzed the effect of hollow microsphere content on the structure and properties of low density ablative materials. In this study, hollow microsphere has been utilized to regulate the density of prepreg for the preparation of low density ablative materials via tape overlap wrapping, and the effect of hollow microsphere content on the prepreg indicators, porosity, microstructure, mechanical properties and thermal properties of low density ablative materials has also been systematically investigated. Results suggest that the resin viscosity and discrete coefficient of resin content are improved with increasing hollow microsphere content. Porosity measurement indicates that the porosity is enhanced with increased hollow microsphere content. Through the SEM observation, it is found that hollow microspheres uniformly are distributed in the composite, and more pores appear with higher hollow micro-sphere content. Investigation of mechanical properties test demonstrates that tensile strength and compressive strength are decrease with increased of hollow microsphere content. Hollow microsphere could effectively reduce the thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity, consequently leading to an increased thermal insulating property.
Low density ablative materials have been arousing a great deal of interest from researchers and academics, but few studies have analyzed the effect of hollow microsphere content on the structure and properties of low density ablative materials. In this study, hollow microsphere has been utilized to regulate the density of prepreg for the preparation of low density ablative materials via tape overlap wrapping, and the effect of hollow microsphere content on the prepreg indicators, porosity, microstructure, mechanical properties and thermal properties of low density ablative materials has also been systematically investigated. Results suggest that the resin viscosity and discrete coefficient of resin content are improved with increasing hollow microsphere content. Porosity measurement indicates that the porosity is enhanced with increased hollow microsphere content. Through the SEM observation, it is found that hollow microspheres uniformly are distributed in the composite, and more pores appear with higher hollow micro-sphere content. Investigation of mechanical properties test demonstrates that tensile strength and compressive strength are decrease with increased of hollow microsphere content. Hollow microsphere could effectively reduce the thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity, consequently leading to an increased thermal insulating property.
引文
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[2] 李俊宁,胡子君,孙陈诚,等.高超声速飞行器隔热材料技术研究进展[J].宇航材料工艺,2011,41(6):10-13.
[3] 施伟,谭毅,曹作暄,等.隔热材料研究现状及发展趋势[J].材料导报,2012(s1):344-347.
[4] 殷锦捷,戴英华.增韧酚醛泡沫塑料的制备及填料对其性能的影响[J].上海塑料,2010,22(2):37-40.
[5] 陈永鑫,姚正军,等.中空玻璃微珠增强酚醛泡沫的压缩性能及热稳定性[J].复合材料学报,2014,4(31):873-879.
[6] Gao J,Wang J,Xu H,et al.Preparation and properties of hollow glass bead filled silicone rubber foams with low thermal conductivity[J].Materials & Design,2013,46(2):491-496.
[7] 刘艳妮,徐伟,王嵘.空心玻璃微珠/环氧树脂复合材料制备及其性能研究[J].玻璃钢/复合材料,2012(6):52-56.
[8] Shen H B,Lavoie A J,Nutt S R.Enhanced peel resistance of fiber reinforced phenolic foams[J].Composites Part A:Applied Science and Manufacturing,2003,34(10):941-948.
[9] 张麟,刘峰,杨长红.PF/高硅氧布/HGB复合材料力学性能研究[J].工程塑料,2013,41(12):23-27.
[10] Yang Z J,Yuan L L.Improvement in mechanical and thermal properties of phenolic foam reinforced with multiwalled carbon nanotubes[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2013,130(3):1479-1488.
[11] Saz-Orozco B D,Oliet M,Alonso M V.Formulation optimization of unreinforced and lignin nanoparticle-reinforced phenolic foams using an analysis of variance approach[J].Composites Science and Technology,2012,72(6):667-674.
[12] 肖鹏,张云怀.粉煤灰微珠/酚醛复合材料力学性能的研究[J].粉煤灰综合利用,2005,39-41.
[13] 饶志龙.可瓷化酚醛复合材料烧蚀隔热性能研究[J].玻璃钢/复合材料,2012(增刊):52-55.
[14] 赖金梅,张晓红,刘铁群,等.超细粉末羧基丁苯橡胶改性酚醛模塑料的性能研究[J].化工新型材料,2005,33(5):30-32.
[15] Kaynak C,Tasan C.Effect of production paramters on the structure of resol type phenolic resin/layered silicate nanocomposites[J].European Polymer Journal,2006,42(8):1908-1921.
[16] 钟远,季永新,朱殿奎,等.柔性酚醛泡沫塑料的制备[J].现代化工,2010,30(5):60-62.