莱州湾南岸浅层地下水咸化特征及其指示意义
|
摘要
莱州湾南岸属黄河三角洲高效生态经济区与山东半岛蓝色经济区重叠区域,区位优势显著。地下水咸化的发生和发展对该区工农业生产和居民饮水安全构成了威胁。因此,全面了解该区地下水咸化现状,掌握其主要影响因素显得尤为重要。通过野外调查和水样采集测试,应用层次分析法(AHP)选取总溶解固体(TDS)、Cl-、钠吸附比(SAR)、潜在盐度、NO_3~-和SO_4~(2-)等6项指标进行综合评价,并对比分析识别了咸化的主要原因。结果表明:地下水咸化程度呈现北强南弱的特征,咸化面积呈现中部-东部大、西部小的趋势;目前地下水咸化程度较重,咸化面积达3 132.13 km~2,占研究区面积的70.17%;该区地下水咸化的主要致因是海(咸)水入侵,地下水咸化分区与地层沉积相特征具有很好的响应关系。
The southern Laizhou Bay area is located at the overlapping zone of the Shandong Peninsula Blue Economic Zone and the Yellow River Delta Highly Efficient Ecological Economic Zone and has significant location advantages. The occurrence and aggravation of groundwater salinization posed threats to the industrial and agricultural production and drinking water safety for residents. Therefore,it is important to fully understand the status quo of groundwater salinity and master its main influencing factors. Through field investigation and water sample collection test,six indicators including total dissolved solid( TDS),Cl-,sodium adsorption ratio( SAR),potential salinity,NO_3~+and SO_4~(2-)are selected for comprehensive evaluation by using analytic hierarchy process( AHP),and the main causes of salinity are identified through comparative analysis. The results show that the degree of groundwater salinity is strong in the north and weak in the south,and the salinity area is large in the middle and east and small in the west. At present,the degree of salinity of groundwater is relatively heavy,and the salinity area is up to 3 132. 13 km~2,accounting for 70.17% of the study area. The main cause of groundwater salinity in this area is the intrusion of sea( salty) water.
The southern Laizhou Bay area is located at the overlapping zone of the Shandong Peninsula Blue Economic Zone and the Yellow River Delta Highly Efficient Ecological Economic Zone and has significant location advantages. The occurrence and aggravation of groundwater salinization posed threats to the industrial and agricultural production and drinking water safety for residents. Therefore,it is important to fully understand the status quo of groundwater salinity and master its main influencing factors. Through field investigation and water sample collection test,six indicators including total dissolved solid( TDS),Cl-,sodium adsorption ratio( SAR),potential salinity,NO_3~+and SO_4~(2-)are selected for comprehensive evaluation by using analytic hierarchy process( AHP),and the main causes of salinity are identified through comparative analysis. The results show that the degree of groundwater salinity is strong in the north and weak in the south,and the salinity area is large in the middle and east and small in the west. At present,the degree of salinity of groundwater is relatively heavy,and the salinity area is up to 3 132. 13 km~2,accounting for 70.17% of the study area. The main cause of groundwater salinity in this area is the intrusion of sea( salty) water.
引文
[1]徐从才.《海岸带产业成长机理与经济发展战略研究》书评[J].世界经济与政治论坛,2015(2):171-172.
[2] HAN Dongmei,KOHFAHL Claus,SONG Xianfang,et al. Geochemical and isotopic evidence for palaeo-seawater intrusion into the south coast aquifer of Laizhou Bay,China[J]. Applied Geochemistry,2011,26:863-883.
[3]刘宏伟,马震,陈社明,等.基于水化学与地球物理法的莱州湾南岸海(咸)水入侵勘查[J].现代地质,2015,29(2):337-343.
[4]苏乔,于洪军,徐兴永,等.莱州湾南岸海(咸)水入侵现状评价[J].海岸工程,2009,28(1):9-14.
[5]李晶莹,韦政.莱州湾海(咸)水入侵及土壤盐渍化现状研究[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(8):4 187-4 189.
[6]陈广泉,徐兴永,彭昌盛,等.莱州湾地区海水入侵灾害风险评价[J].自然灾害学报,2010,19(2):103-112.
[7]许冲,戴福初,姚鑫,等. GIS支持下基于层次分析法的汶川地震区滑坡易发性评价[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(增2):3 978-3 985.
[8]余纳新,韩传峰.基于层次分析法的城市灾害应急管理指标分析[J].灾害学,2013,28(3):152-157.
[9]孙振宇,宋献方,卜红梅,等.秦皇岛洋河-戴河流域浅层地下水咸化程度评价[J].安全与环境学报,2015,15(3):356-361.
[10]韩美.莱州湾地区海(咸)水入侵与地貌的关系[J].海洋与湖沼,1996,27(4):414-420.
[11]刘宏伟,陈社明,郭旭,等.潍北平原海(咸)水入侵现状评价[J].地质科技情报,2017,36(1):213-218.
[12]刘博,肖长来,田浩然,等.灰色关联和层次分析法在地下水质评价中的应用:以吉林市为例[J].节水灌溉,2013(1):26-29.
[13]邓雪,李家铭,曾浩健,等.层次分析法权重计算方法分析及其应用研究[J].数学的实践与认识,2012,42(7):93-100.
[14]胡伟,龙庆华,钱茂,等.基于层次分析法的企业污水治理评价指标体系权重确定[J].环境污染与防治,2014,36(2):88-95.
[15]中国地质调查局.水文地质手册[M]. 2版.北京:地质出版社,2012.
[16]赵建.海(咸)水入侵水化学指标及侵染程度评价研究[J].地理科学,1998,18(1):16-24.
[17]付恩光,吴光伟,李同心,等.模糊数学在海(咸)水入侵水质评价中的应用:以寿光地区为例[J].山东国土资源,2017,33(7):66-70.
[18]宋新山,邓伟,章光新,等.钠吸附比及其在水体碱化特征评价中的应用[J].水利学报,2000(7):70-76.
[19]何丽,黄海东,熊雪萍.海岸带海水入侵防控技术措施[J].水科学与工程技术,2010(2):5-8.
[20]黎立群.盐渍土基础知识[M].北京:科学出版社,1986.
[21] TUREKIAN K K. Geochemical distribution of elements[C]∥Encyclopedia of science and technology(4th edition). New York:Mc Graw Hill,1977.
[22]王仕琴,郑文波,孔晓乐.关于华北农区浅层地下水硝酸盐污染的几点认识[J].中国生态农业学报,2018.
[23] BUROW K R,NOLAN B T,RUPERT M G,et al. Nitrate in groundwater of the United States,1991-2003[J]. Environmental Science&Technology,2010,44:4 988-4 997.
[24]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.地下水质量标准:GB/T 14848-2017[S].北京:中国质检出版社,2017.
[25]中华人民共和国卫生部,中国国家标准化管理委员会.生活饮用水卫生标准:GB 5749-2006[S].北京:中国质检出版社,2006.
[26]马燕华,苏春利,刘伟江,等.水化学和环境同位素在示踪枣庄市南部地下水硫酸盐污染源中的应用[J].环境科学,2016,37(12):4 690-4 691.
[27]乃尉华,王文科,王艺星,等.喀什平原区地下水硫酸盐分布特征及来源[J].新疆地质,2018,36(1):120-123.
[28]胡云壮,李红,李影,等.山东莱州湾南岸典型剖面海(咸)水入侵过程的水文地球化学识别[J].地质调查与研究,2015,38(1):41-50.
[29]刘宏伟,马震.莱州湾地质环境调查评价报告[R].天津:中国地质调查局天津地质调查中心,2017.
[2] HAN Dongmei,KOHFAHL Claus,SONG Xianfang,et al. Geochemical and isotopic evidence for palaeo-seawater intrusion into the south coast aquifer of Laizhou Bay,China[J]. Applied Geochemistry,2011,26:863-883.
[3]刘宏伟,马震,陈社明,等.基于水化学与地球物理法的莱州湾南岸海(咸)水入侵勘查[J].现代地质,2015,29(2):337-343.
[4]苏乔,于洪军,徐兴永,等.莱州湾南岸海(咸)水入侵现状评价[J].海岸工程,2009,28(1):9-14.
[5]李晶莹,韦政.莱州湾海(咸)水入侵及土壤盐渍化现状研究[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(8):4 187-4 189.
[6]陈广泉,徐兴永,彭昌盛,等.莱州湾地区海水入侵灾害风险评价[J].自然灾害学报,2010,19(2):103-112.
[7]许冲,戴福初,姚鑫,等. GIS支持下基于层次分析法的汶川地震区滑坡易发性评价[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(增2):3 978-3 985.
[8]余纳新,韩传峰.基于层次分析法的城市灾害应急管理指标分析[J].灾害学,2013,28(3):152-157.
[9]孙振宇,宋献方,卜红梅,等.秦皇岛洋河-戴河流域浅层地下水咸化程度评价[J].安全与环境学报,2015,15(3):356-361.
[10]韩美.莱州湾地区海(咸)水入侵与地貌的关系[J].海洋与湖沼,1996,27(4):414-420.
[11]刘宏伟,陈社明,郭旭,等.潍北平原海(咸)水入侵现状评价[J].地质科技情报,2017,36(1):213-218.
[12]刘博,肖长来,田浩然,等.灰色关联和层次分析法在地下水质评价中的应用:以吉林市为例[J].节水灌溉,2013(1):26-29.
[13]邓雪,李家铭,曾浩健,等.层次分析法权重计算方法分析及其应用研究[J].数学的实践与认识,2012,42(7):93-100.
[14]胡伟,龙庆华,钱茂,等.基于层次分析法的企业污水治理评价指标体系权重确定[J].环境污染与防治,2014,36(2):88-95.
[15]中国地质调查局.水文地质手册[M]. 2版.北京:地质出版社,2012.
[16]赵建.海(咸)水入侵水化学指标及侵染程度评价研究[J].地理科学,1998,18(1):16-24.
[17]付恩光,吴光伟,李同心,等.模糊数学在海(咸)水入侵水质评价中的应用:以寿光地区为例[J].山东国土资源,2017,33(7):66-70.
[18]宋新山,邓伟,章光新,等.钠吸附比及其在水体碱化特征评价中的应用[J].水利学报,2000(7):70-76.
[19]何丽,黄海东,熊雪萍.海岸带海水入侵防控技术措施[J].水科学与工程技术,2010(2):5-8.
[20]黎立群.盐渍土基础知识[M].北京:科学出版社,1986.
[21] TUREKIAN K K. Geochemical distribution of elements[C]∥Encyclopedia of science and technology(4th edition). New York:Mc Graw Hill,1977.
[22]王仕琴,郑文波,孔晓乐.关于华北农区浅层地下水硝酸盐污染的几点认识[J].中国生态农业学报,2018.
[23] BUROW K R,NOLAN B T,RUPERT M G,et al. Nitrate in groundwater of the United States,1991-2003[J]. Environmental Science&Technology,2010,44:4 988-4 997.
[24]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.地下水质量标准:GB/T 14848-2017[S].北京:中国质检出版社,2017.
[25]中华人民共和国卫生部,中国国家标准化管理委员会.生活饮用水卫生标准:GB 5749-2006[S].北京:中国质检出版社,2006.
[26]马燕华,苏春利,刘伟江,等.水化学和环境同位素在示踪枣庄市南部地下水硫酸盐污染源中的应用[J].环境科学,2016,37(12):4 690-4 691.
[27]乃尉华,王文科,王艺星,等.喀什平原区地下水硫酸盐分布特征及来源[J].新疆地质,2018,36(1):120-123.
[28]胡云壮,李红,李影,等.山东莱州湾南岸典型剖面海(咸)水入侵过程的水文地球化学识别[J].地质调查与研究,2015,38(1):41-50.
[29]刘宏伟,马震.莱州湾地质环境调查评价报告[R].天津:中国地质调查局天津地质调查中心,2017.