利用压汞资料预测储层地层因素F的改进方法
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摘要
分析了Thompson模型和REV模型计算地层因素F的方法及适用性,认为两种模型计算的地层因素与岩电实验测量的地层因素相比,整体精度不高,但REV模型计算的精度优于Thompson模型.统计整理了大量的具有代表性的砂岩岩样压汞及岩电实验数据,结合REV模型,研究了储层渗透率与地层因素和孔喉半径的关系,提出了利用压汞资料预测储层地层因素F的改进方法.研究结果表明:在双对数坐标下渗透率与孔喉半径不是单一的线性关系,而是存在一个拐点,以拐点为界,存在两段线性关系,在拐点以上渗透率较大的一组数据地层因素大于32,而在拐点以下渗透率较小的一组数据地层因素小于32,在上述两段不同的线性关系中,后一组数据的截距大于前一组而斜率的情况则恰好相反,分析了上述现象的原因,并据此提出了地层因素与渗透率和孔喉半径之间的改进模型,将改进模型应用到20块砂岩岩样的地层因素F的计算,其结果与Thompson模型和REV模型相比,精度有明显改善.
The Thompson model and REV model were used to calculate formation factor Fin the paper,and their applicability were investigated.Compared with the formation factor measured by rock electricity experiment,though the accuracy of REV model is better than that of Thompson model,both models are not high in precision.Based on the data of mercury intrusion and rock electricity experiment on a large number of representative samples of sandstone,the relationship between reservoir permeability,formation factor and pore throat radius was studied combining with REV model.The results show that:in the double logarithmic coordinates,the permeability and the radius of the pore throat is not simplex linear relationship,and there is a turning point.With the turning point as the boundary,there are two linear relations.A group of data whose formation factor is more than 32 with a larger permeability is above theturning point while another group of data whose formation factor is less than 32 with a less permeability is below the turning point.And in the above two different linear relationships,the intercept of latter group is larger than that of the former,but the slope is just the opposite.After analyzing the reasons for the above phenomenon,an improved model of permeability and pore throat radius was presented.And the model was applied to calculate formation factor Fof20 sandstone samples.The accuracy of the new model improves significantly compared with the Thompson model and the REV model.
The Thompson model and REV model were used to calculate formation factor Fin the paper,and their applicability were investigated.Compared with the formation factor measured by rock electricity experiment,though the accuracy of REV model is better than that of Thompson model,both models are not high in precision.Based on the data of mercury intrusion and rock electricity experiment on a large number of representative samples of sandstone,the relationship between reservoir permeability,formation factor and pore throat radius was studied combining with REV model.The results show that:in the double logarithmic coordinates,the permeability and the radius of the pore throat is not simplex linear relationship,and there is a turning point.With the turning point as the boundary,there are two linear relations.A group of data whose formation factor is more than 32 with a larger permeability is above theturning point while another group of data whose formation factor is less than 32 with a less permeability is below the turning point.And in the above two different linear relationships,the intercept of latter group is larger than that of the former,but the slope is just the opposite.After analyzing the reasons for the above phenomenon,an improved model of permeability and pore throat radius was presented.And the model was applied to calculate formation factor Fof20 sandstone samples.The accuracy of the new model improves significantly compared with the Thompson model and the REV model.
引文
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[3]张顺存,史基安,常秋生,等.岩性相对玛北地区百口泉组储层的控制作用:以鄂尔多斯盆地下寺湾地区延长组湖相泥页岩TOC评价为例[J].中国矿业大学学报,2015,44(6):1017-1024.ZHANG Shuncun,SHI Jian,CHANG Qiusheng,et al.Controlling effect of lithofacies on reservoirs of Baikouquan formation in Mabei area:a case study of TOC evaluation of lacustrine shale formation of Yanchang series in Xiasiwan district of Ordos basin[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2015,44(6):1017-1024.
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[8]张龙海,周灿灿,刘国强,等.孔隙结构对低孔低渗储集层电性及测井解释评价的影响[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(6):671-676.ZHANG Longhai,ZHOU Cancan,LIU Guoqiang,et al.Influence of pore structures on electric properties and well logging evaluation in low porosity and permeability reservoirs[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2006,33(6):671-676.
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[10]刘堂宴,汤天知,杜环虹,等.考虑储层孔隙结构的岩石导电机制研究[J].地球物理学报,2013,56(8):2818-2826.LIU Tangyan,TANG Tianzhi,DU Huanhong,et al.Study of rock conductive mechanism based on pore structure[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2013,56(8):2818-2826.
[11]张明禄,石玉江.复杂孔隙结构砂岩储层岩电参数研究.[J].测井技术2005,29(5):446-450.ZHANG Minglu,SHI Yujiang.On archie’s electrical parameters of sandstone reservoir with complicated pore structures[J].Well Logging Technology,2005,29(5):446-450.
[12]石玉江,李高仁,周金昱.泥质型低渗砂岩储层岩电性质研究及饱和度模型的建立[J].测井技术,2008,32(3):203-206SHI Yujiang,LI Gaoren,ZHOU Jinyu.Study on litho-electric character and saturation model of argillaceous low permeability sandstone reservoir[J].Well Logging Technology,2008,32(3):203-206.
[13]THOMPSON A H,KATX A J,KROHN C E.The microgeometry and transport properties of sedimentary rock[J].Advances in Physics,1987,36(5):625-694.
[14]WINSAUER W O,SHEARIN J H M,MASSON P H,et al.Resistivity of brine-saturated sands in relation to pore geometry[J].Bulletin AAPG,1952,36(2):253-277.
[15]李潮流,李长喜.特低渗透率砂岩储集层电学性质研究[J].测井技术,2010,34(3):233-237.LI Chaoliu,LI Changxi.Electrical property analysis on especially low permeability clastic reservoir[J].Well Logging Technology,2010,34(3):233-237.
[16]RUTH D,LINDSAY C,ALLEN M.Combining electrical measurements and mercury porosimetry to predict permeability[J].Petrophysics,2013,54(6):531-537.
[17]童凯军,单钰铭,王道串,等.基于毛细管压力曲线的储层渗透率估算模型:以塔里木盆地上泥盆统某砂岩组为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2008,29(6):812-818.TONG Kaijun,SHAN Yuming,WANG Daochuan,et al.CP-curve-based model for estimating reservoir permeability:an example from a sandstone of the Upper Devonian in Tarim basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2008,29(6):812-818.
[18]刘忠华,吴淑琴,杜宝会,等.储层渗透性与地层因素关系的实验研究与分析[J].地球物理学报,2013,56(6):2088-2097.LIU Zhonghua,WU Shuqin,DU Baohui,et al.Experimental study on the relationship between reservoir permeability and its formation resistivity factor[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2013,56(6):2088-2097.
[19]荆万学.常规测井资料计算砂岩储层渗透率的理论思考[J].测井技术,2002,26(1):46-48.JING Wanxue.A theoretical method for calculation of sandstone reservoir with conventional logging[J].Well Logging Technology,2002,26(1):46-48.
[20]贾文玉,闫安宇,田素月.渗透率的理论计算方法[J].测井技术,2000,24(3):216-219.JIA Wenyu,YAN Anyu,TIAN Suyue.Theoretical calculation method of permeability[J].Well Logging Technology,2000,24(3):216-219.
[21]SWANSON B F.A simple correlation between permeabilities and mercury capillary pressure[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1981,40(12):2498-2503.
[22]高辉,解伟,杨建鹏,等.基于恒速压汞技术的特低—超低渗砂岩储层微观孔喉特征[J].石油实验地质,2011,33(2):206-211.GAO Hui,XIE Wei,YANG Jianpeng,et al.Pore throat characteristics of extra-ultra low permeability sandstone reservoir based on constant-rate mercury penetration technique[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2011,33(2):206-211.
[23]蔡玥,赵乐,肖淑萍,等.基于恒速压汞的特低—超低渗透储层孔隙结构特征:以鄂尔多斯盆地富县探区长3油层组为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2013,20(1):32-35.CAI Yue,ZHAO Le,XIAO Shuping,et al.Study on pore structure characteristics of super-low permeability and ultra-low permeability reservoirs by means of constant-speed mercury intrusion technique-case of oil layers of Chang 3of the Yangchang formation in Fuxian exploration area of the Ordos Basin[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2013,20(1):32-35.
[24]朱永贤,孙卫,于锋.应用常规压汞和恒速压汞实验方法研究储层微观孔隙结构:以三塘湖油田牛圈湖区头屯河组为例[J].天然气地球科学,2008,19(4):553-556.ZHU Yongxian,SUN Wei,YU Feng.Application of high pressure Hg injection and rate-controlled Hg penetration experimental technique to studying reservoir microscopic pore structure:taking Toutunhe formation in Niuquanhu area of Santanghu oilfield as an example[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2008,19(4):553-556.
[2]宋泽章,姜振学,原园,等.“相控”测井曲线标准化及其应用[J].中国矿业大学学报,2016,45(2):283-291.SONG Zezhang,JIANG Zhenxue,YUAN Yuan,et al.Facies-controlling log curve normalization and Its application[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2016,45(2):283-291.
[3]张顺存,史基安,常秋生,等.岩性相对玛北地区百口泉组储层的控制作用:以鄂尔多斯盆地下寺湾地区延长组湖相泥页岩TOC评价为例[J].中国矿业大学学报,2015,44(6):1017-1024.ZHANG Shuncun,SHI Jian,CHANG Qiusheng,et al.Controlling effect of lithofacies on reservoirs of Baikouquan formation in Mabei area:a case study of TOC evaluation of lacustrine shale formation of Yanchang series in Xiasiwan district of Ordos basin[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2015,44(6):1017-1024.
[4]CAROTHERS J E.A statistical study of the formation factor relation[J].The Log Analyst,1968,9(5):13-20.
[5]李霞,赵文智,周灿灿,等.低孔低渗碎屑岩储集层双孔隙饱和度模型[J].石油勘探与开发,2012,39(1):82-91.LI Xia,ZHAO Wenzhi,ZHOU Cancan,et al.Dualporosity saturation model of low-porosity and lowpermeability clastic reservoirs[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2012,39(1):82-91.
[6]WINSAUER W O,SHEARIN H M,MASSON P H,et al.Resistivity of brine-saturated sands in relation To pore geometry[J].Bull Amer Assoc Geols,1952,36:253-277.
[7]毛志强,高楚桥.孔隙结构与含油岩石电阻率性质理论模拟研究[J].石油勘探与开发,2000,27(2):87-90.MAO Zhiqiang,GAO Chuqiao.Theoretical simulation of the resistivity and pore structure of hydrocarbon bearing rocks[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2000,27(2):87-90.
[8]张龙海,周灿灿,刘国强,等.孔隙结构对低孔低渗储集层电性及测井解释评价的影响[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(6):671-676.ZHANG Longhai,ZHOU Cancan,LIU Guoqiang,et al.Influence of pore structures on electric properties and well logging evaluation in low porosity and permeability reservoirs[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2006,33(6):671-676.
[9]杨锦林,呙长艳,胡宗全.测井解释储集层孔隙结构与含油气性[J].天然气工业,1998,18(5):36-39.YANG Jinlin,GE Changyan,HU Zongquan.Log interpreted reservoir pore structure and hydrocarbon potential[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1998,18(5):36-39.
[10]刘堂宴,汤天知,杜环虹,等.考虑储层孔隙结构的岩石导电机制研究[J].地球物理学报,2013,56(8):2818-2826.LIU Tangyan,TANG Tianzhi,DU Huanhong,et al.Study of rock conductive mechanism based on pore structure[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2013,56(8):2818-2826.
[11]张明禄,石玉江.复杂孔隙结构砂岩储层岩电参数研究.[J].测井技术2005,29(5):446-450.ZHANG Minglu,SHI Yujiang.On archie’s electrical parameters of sandstone reservoir with complicated pore structures[J].Well Logging Technology,2005,29(5):446-450.
[12]石玉江,李高仁,周金昱.泥质型低渗砂岩储层岩电性质研究及饱和度模型的建立[J].测井技术,2008,32(3):203-206SHI Yujiang,LI Gaoren,ZHOU Jinyu.Study on litho-electric character and saturation model of argillaceous low permeability sandstone reservoir[J].Well Logging Technology,2008,32(3):203-206.
[13]THOMPSON A H,KATX A J,KROHN C E.The microgeometry and transport properties of sedimentary rock[J].Advances in Physics,1987,36(5):625-694.
[14]WINSAUER W O,SHEARIN J H M,MASSON P H,et al.Resistivity of brine-saturated sands in relation to pore geometry[J].Bulletin AAPG,1952,36(2):253-277.
[15]李潮流,李长喜.特低渗透率砂岩储集层电学性质研究[J].测井技术,2010,34(3):233-237.LI Chaoliu,LI Changxi.Electrical property analysis on especially low permeability clastic reservoir[J].Well Logging Technology,2010,34(3):233-237.
[16]RUTH D,LINDSAY C,ALLEN M.Combining electrical measurements and mercury porosimetry to predict permeability[J].Petrophysics,2013,54(6):531-537.
[17]童凯军,单钰铭,王道串,等.基于毛细管压力曲线的储层渗透率估算模型:以塔里木盆地上泥盆统某砂岩组为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2008,29(6):812-818.TONG Kaijun,SHAN Yuming,WANG Daochuan,et al.CP-curve-based model for estimating reservoir permeability:an example from a sandstone of the Upper Devonian in Tarim basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2008,29(6):812-818.
[18]刘忠华,吴淑琴,杜宝会,等.储层渗透性与地层因素关系的实验研究与分析[J].地球物理学报,2013,56(6):2088-2097.LIU Zhonghua,WU Shuqin,DU Baohui,et al.Experimental study on the relationship between reservoir permeability and its formation resistivity factor[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2013,56(6):2088-2097.
[19]荆万学.常规测井资料计算砂岩储层渗透率的理论思考[J].测井技术,2002,26(1):46-48.JING Wanxue.A theoretical method for calculation of sandstone reservoir with conventional logging[J].Well Logging Technology,2002,26(1):46-48.
[20]贾文玉,闫安宇,田素月.渗透率的理论计算方法[J].测井技术,2000,24(3):216-219.JIA Wenyu,YAN Anyu,TIAN Suyue.Theoretical calculation method of permeability[J].Well Logging Technology,2000,24(3):216-219.
[21]SWANSON B F.A simple correlation between permeabilities and mercury capillary pressure[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1981,40(12):2498-2503.
[22]高辉,解伟,杨建鹏,等.基于恒速压汞技术的特低—超低渗砂岩储层微观孔喉特征[J].石油实验地质,2011,33(2):206-211.GAO Hui,XIE Wei,YANG Jianpeng,et al.Pore throat characteristics of extra-ultra low permeability sandstone reservoir based on constant-rate mercury penetration technique[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2011,33(2):206-211.
[23]蔡玥,赵乐,肖淑萍,等.基于恒速压汞的特低—超低渗透储层孔隙结构特征:以鄂尔多斯盆地富县探区长3油层组为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2013,20(1):32-35.CAI Yue,ZHAO Le,XIAO Shuping,et al.Study on pore structure characteristics of super-low permeability and ultra-low permeability reservoirs by means of constant-speed mercury intrusion technique-case of oil layers of Chang 3of the Yangchang formation in Fuxian exploration area of the Ordos Basin[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2013,20(1):32-35.
[24]朱永贤,孙卫,于锋.应用常规压汞和恒速压汞实验方法研究储层微观孔隙结构:以三塘湖油田牛圈湖区头屯河组为例[J].天然气地球科学,2008,19(4):553-556.ZHU Yongxian,SUN Wei,YU Feng.Application of high pressure Hg injection and rate-controlled Hg penetration experimental technique to studying reservoir microscopic pore structure:taking Toutunhe formation in Niuquanhu area of Santanghu oilfield as an example[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2008,19(4):553-556.