基于北斗的机载终端完好性算法仿真研究
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摘要
国内外关于接收机自主完好性算法的理论研究已经成熟,但缺乏依据北斗实测数据的算法性能分析。根据北斗Ⅱ代卫星导航系统14颗星的星座状态及其公开的服务性能,结合民航非精密进近的应用需求,对机载端嵌入自主完好性算法进行仿真研究。首先通过理论仿真,分析了亚太区之内算法的可用性。其次,利用NovAtel接收机实测的北斗数据,设定不同的场景和故障类型,对算法故障检测和识别的性能进行了研究分析。通过仿真,北斗系统在亚太区之内的平均可见星个数大于7颗,平均水平保护限值小于500m,能够满足算法的要求。另通过实测研究,算法可以有效地检测并识别出异常的伪距误差(即故障卫星)。结果表明:接收机自主完好性算法适用于当前北斗Ⅱ代卫星导航系统,能够为民用航空非精密进近提供具备完好性保证的服务。
Receiver autonomous integrity monitoring(RAIM)algorithm is already mature in theory.But as to BeiDou navigation satellite system(BDS),there is rare analysis about the performance of RAIM with the observed data.According to the constellation status of BDS system and the performance of open service,based on the requirement of non-precision approach in civil aviation field,the simulation and research on RAIM were presented.Firstly,the availability of RAIM in Asia-Pacific was calculated.Then,the function and capability of failure detection and identification with the observed data from NovAtel receiver were analyzed in different scenes and fault types.The simulation results show that the average of visible satellite is more than 7,and the HPL values are less than 500 meters.Furthermore,the measured research shows that the RAIM can detect the anomaly pseudo-range.That is to say,BDS system met the needs of the RAIM.The conclusion is that the BDS is suitable for RAIM,and can provide the required navigation performance(RNP)for non-precision approach(NPA)in the civil aviation field.
Receiver autonomous integrity monitoring(RAIM)algorithm is already mature in theory.But as to BeiDou navigation satellite system(BDS),there is rare analysis about the performance of RAIM with the observed data.According to the constellation status of BDS system and the performance of open service,based on the requirement of non-precision approach in civil aviation field,the simulation and research on RAIM were presented.Firstly,the availability of RAIM in Asia-Pacific was calculated.Then,the function and capability of failure detection and identification with the observed data from NovAtel receiver were analyzed in different scenes and fault types.The simulation results show that the average of visible satellite is more than 7,and the HPL values are less than 500 meters.Furthermore,the measured research shows that the RAIM can detect the anomaly pseudo-range.That is to say,BDS system met the needs of the RAIM.The conclusion is that the BDS is suitable for RAIM,and can provide the required navigation performance(RNP)for non-precision approach(NPA)in the civil aviation field.
引文
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[14]周富相,郑晓晶,刘培国.基于最小二乘残差的RAIM方案研究[J].通信技术,2011(3):44-45.ZHOU F X,ZHENG X J,LIU P G.Research on automatic integrity monitoring scheme of receiver based on least-squares residuals method[J].Communication Technology,2011(3):44-45(in Chinese).
[15]SU XIANLI,ZHAN XINGQUN,NIU MANCANG,et al.Receiver autonomous integrity monitoring availability and fault detection capability comparison between BeiDou and GPS[J].Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University,2014,19(3):313-324.
[2]陈金平.GPS完善性增强研究[D].郑州:中国人民解放军信息工程大学,2001:68-72.CHEN J P.Research of GPS integrity augmentation[D].Zhengzhou:Information Engineering University,2001:68-72(in Chinese).
[3]中国卫星导航系统管理办公室.北斗卫星导航系统公开服务性能规范(1.0版)[S].2013:1-2.China Satellite Navigation Office.BeiDou navigation satellite system open service performance standard(Version 1.0)[S].2013:1-2(in Chinese).
[4]RTCA/DO-208.Minimum operational performance standards for airborne supplemental navigation equipment using global positioning system[S].Washington:RTCA SC-159 RTCA Inc.,July,1991.
[5]刘瑞华,赵庆田,吕小平,等.“北斗区域导航系统”非精密进近导航性能分析[J].中国空间科学技术,2015,35(4):53-59.LIU R H,ZHAO Q T,LV X P,et al.Performance analysis for BeiDou regional navigation satellite system of NPA[J].Chinese Space Science and Technology,2015,35(4):53-59(in Chinese).
[6]TSO-C129.Airborne supplemental navigation equipment using the global positioning system(GPS)[S].Washington D.C.:FAA Aircraft Certification Service,Federal Aviation Administration,December 10,1992.
[7]中国卫星导航系统管理办公室.北斗卫星导航系统空间信号接口控制文件(2.0版)[S].2013:4-6.CHINA SATELLITE NAVIGATION OFFICE.BeiDou Navigation Satellite System Signal In Space Interface Control Document Open Service Signal(Version 2.0)[S].2013:4-6(in Chinese).
[8]http:∥www.chinabeidou.gov.cn/xinwen/374.html
[9]ELLIOTT D KAPLAN,CHRISTOPHER J HEGARTY著,寇艳红译.GPS原理与应用[M].2版.北京:电子工业出版社,2012:240-243.ELLIOTT D.KAPLAN,CHRISTOPHER J.HEGARTY.Understanding GPS:principles and application[M].2nd ed.Beijing:Publishing House of Electronic Industry,2006:240-243(in Chinese).
[10]BROWN ALISON,STURZA MARK.The effect of geometry on integrity monitoring performance[C]∥Proceedings of the 46th Annual Meeting of The Institute of Navigation,Atlantic City,NJ,June,1990:121-129.
[11]WU JYA-SYIN,NITIN PANDYA,JEFF LEWELLEN,et al.Non-precision approach availability sensitivity to GPS satellite constellation configuration[C]∥Proceedings of the 1999 National Technical Meeting of The Institute of Navigation.San Diego CA,January 1999:271-282.
[12]SHAOJUN FENG,WASHINGTON Y.OCHIENG,DAVID WALSH,et al.A measurement domain receiver autonomous integrity monitoring algorithm[J].GPS Solutions,2006,10(2):85-96.
[13]杨鑫春,徐必礼,胡杨.北斗卫星导航系统的星座性能分析[J].测绘科学,2013,38(2):7-11.YANG X C,XU B L,HU Y.Performance research of constellation for COMPASS[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2013,38(2):7-11(in Chinese).
[14]周富相,郑晓晶,刘培国.基于最小二乘残差的RAIM方案研究[J].通信技术,2011(3):44-45.ZHOU F X,ZHENG X J,LIU P G.Research on automatic integrity monitoring scheme of receiver based on least-squares residuals method[J].Communication Technology,2011(3):44-45(in Chinese).
[15]SU XIANLI,ZHAN XINGQUN,NIU MANCANG,et al.Receiver autonomous integrity monitoring availability and fault detection capability comparison between BeiDou and GPS[J].Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University,2014,19(3):313-324.