PDC钻头新进展及发展思考
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摘要
为了提高钻井破岩效率和延长钻头使用寿命,减少起下钻次数,缩短钻井周期,降低钻井作业成本,国外近年研发了一系列新型PDC钻头。分析了全球PDC钻头市场发展趋势,总结了PDC钻头新进展及现场应用情况,包括基于加工制造的新型PDC钻头、基于切削齿形状设计的新型PDC钻头、基于切削齿布齿的PDC钻头、复合PDC钻头、用于页岩储层的定向PDC钻头以及用于地质评价的微芯PDC钻头。结合我国PDC钻头技术现状,提出了我国PDC钻头需要对破岩机理、高温耐磨材料、加工制造工艺、切削齿形状、结构和个性化钻头等方面开展攻关研究。同时指出,及时了解和掌握国外PDC钻头技术的最新进展,对优化我国PDC钻头技术的发展规划和科研方向,以及加快PDC钻头的研发具有重要意义。
A series of new PDC bits have been developed in foreign countries in order to raise rock breaking efficiency,extend bit service life and reduce trips,drilling cycle and drilling cost. In this paper,global market development trend of PDC bits is analyzed; new progress and field application of PDC bits are summarized,including manufacture-based PDC bit,cutter shape design-based PDC bit,cutter tooth arrangement-based PDC bit,compound PDC bit,directional PDC bit used for shale reservoir and micro-core PDC bit used for geological evaluation.Technical status of PDC bits in China was investigated,indicating that these bits should be upgraded in respect of rock breaking mechanism,high temperature wear-resistant materials,manufacture process,cutter shape and structure,customized bit and other aspects. Understanding the latest development of foreign PDC bit technologies is of great importance for optimizing the development plan and research direction of PDC bits in China.
A series of new PDC bits have been developed in foreign countries in order to raise rock breaking efficiency,extend bit service life and reduce trips,drilling cycle and drilling cost. In this paper,global market development trend of PDC bits is analyzed; new progress and field application of PDC bits are summarized,including manufacture-based PDC bit,cutter shape design-based PDC bit,cutter tooth arrangement-based PDC bit,compound PDC bit,directional PDC bit used for shale reservoir and micro-core PDC bit used for geological evaluation.Technical status of PDC bits in China was investigated,indicating that these bits should be upgraded in respect of rock breaking mechanism,high temperature wear-resistant materials,manufacture process,cutter shape and structure,customized bit and other aspects. Understanding the latest development of foreign PDC bit technologies is of great importance for optimizing the development plan and research direction of PDC bits in China.
引文
[1]SCOTT D.A bit of history:Overcoming early setbacks,PDC bits now drill 90%-plus of worldwide footage[EB/OL].[2016-05-24].http:∥www.drillingcontractor.org/a-bit-of-history-overcoming-early-setbacks-pdc-bitsnow-drill-90-plus-of-worldwide-footage-35932.
[2]PEYTCHEV P,MALIK S D,VARGHESE R,et al.Solving hard/abrasive sedimentary and igneous formation challenge:New PDC bit design reduces 6-in section drilling time by 47%[R].SPE 165817,2013.
[3]OCTAVIO A,FAISAL M,HATEM G,et al.New erosion resistance PDC bit coating eliminates balling in water-based drilling fluids,Saudi Arabia[R].IPTC17372,2014.
[4]YOUHE Z,YURI B,CHEN C,et al.Fully rotating PDC cutter gaining momentum:Conquering frictional heat in hard/abrasive formations improves drilling efficiency[R].SPE 166465,2014.
[5]YOUHE Z,RYAN B,YURI B,et al.Innovative rolling PDC cutter increases drilling efficiency improving bit performance in challenging applications[R].SPE163536,2013.
[6]GREG B,MARK S,LEVI M,et al.Constructing difficult colony wash lateral with innovative rolling cutter technology improves drilling performance[R].SPE167956,2014.
[7]MICHAEL A,SEGAL W A.Steven pointing towards improved PDC bit performance:Innovative conical shaped polycrystalline diamond element achieves higher ROP and total footage[R].SPE 163521,2013.
[8]SUMAN V,KARIM B,MICHAEL A,et al.Middle east hard/abrasive formation challenge:Reducing PDC cutter volume at bit center increases ROP/drilling efficiency[R].SPE 166755,2013.
[9]DAVID S,ANTHONY D,DANIELLE F,et al.Innovative non-planar face PDC cutters demonstrate 21%drilling efficiency improvement in interbedded shales and sand[R].SPE 168000,2014.
[10]HSIEH L,EDITOR M,ENDRESS A.New drill bits utilize unique cutting structures,cutter element shapes,advanced modeling software to increase ROP,control,durability[EB/OL].[2016-05-24].http:∥www.drillingcontractor.org/pdc-bit-uses-staggeredcutter-configuration-to-take-energy-from-vibrations-todrill-ahead-35950.
[11]GOOCH C.PDC bit uses staggered cutter configuration to take energy from vibrations to drill ahead[EB/OL].[2016-05-24].http:∥www.dril-lingcontractor.org/better-and-better-bit-by-bit-35780.
[12]HBAIEB S,AZAR M.Hybrid bit improves drilling efficiency in Brazil's pre-salt formations[J].World Oil,2013(9):154-157.
[13]PAUL T,GARETH J,RON D,et al.Innovative dualdiameter PDC bit design provides unique solution to successful drilling of challenging volcanic interval[R].SPE 168006,2014.
[14]JONES A,LIVINGSTON D,SERDY A,et al.Highbuild RSS performance delivers improved well consistency in the marcellus shale[R].AADE-13-FTCE-20,2013.
[15]DESMETTE S,Benoit DESCHAMPS B,BIRCH R,et al.Drilling hard and abrasive rock efficiently or generating quality cuttings?You no longer have to choose[R].SPE 116554,2008.
[2]PEYTCHEV P,MALIK S D,VARGHESE R,et al.Solving hard/abrasive sedimentary and igneous formation challenge:New PDC bit design reduces 6-in section drilling time by 47%[R].SPE 165817,2013.
[3]OCTAVIO A,FAISAL M,HATEM G,et al.New erosion resistance PDC bit coating eliminates balling in water-based drilling fluids,Saudi Arabia[R].IPTC17372,2014.
[4]YOUHE Z,YURI B,CHEN C,et al.Fully rotating PDC cutter gaining momentum:Conquering frictional heat in hard/abrasive formations improves drilling efficiency[R].SPE 166465,2014.
[5]YOUHE Z,RYAN B,YURI B,et al.Innovative rolling PDC cutter increases drilling efficiency improving bit performance in challenging applications[R].SPE163536,2013.
[6]GREG B,MARK S,LEVI M,et al.Constructing difficult colony wash lateral with innovative rolling cutter technology improves drilling performance[R].SPE167956,2014.
[7]MICHAEL A,SEGAL W A.Steven pointing towards improved PDC bit performance:Innovative conical shaped polycrystalline diamond element achieves higher ROP and total footage[R].SPE 163521,2013.
[8]SUMAN V,KARIM B,MICHAEL A,et al.Middle east hard/abrasive formation challenge:Reducing PDC cutter volume at bit center increases ROP/drilling efficiency[R].SPE 166755,2013.
[9]DAVID S,ANTHONY D,DANIELLE F,et al.Innovative non-planar face PDC cutters demonstrate 21%drilling efficiency improvement in interbedded shales and sand[R].SPE 168000,2014.
[10]HSIEH L,EDITOR M,ENDRESS A.New drill bits utilize unique cutting structures,cutter element shapes,advanced modeling software to increase ROP,control,durability[EB/OL].[2016-05-24].http:∥www.drillingcontractor.org/pdc-bit-uses-staggeredcutter-configuration-to-take-energy-from-vibrations-todrill-ahead-35950.
[11]GOOCH C.PDC bit uses staggered cutter configuration to take energy from vibrations to drill ahead[EB/OL].[2016-05-24].http:∥www.dril-lingcontractor.org/better-and-better-bit-by-bit-35780.
[12]HBAIEB S,AZAR M.Hybrid bit improves drilling efficiency in Brazil's pre-salt formations[J].World Oil,2013(9):154-157.
[13]PAUL T,GARETH J,RON D,et al.Innovative dualdiameter PDC bit design provides unique solution to successful drilling of challenging volcanic interval[R].SPE 168006,2014.
[14]JONES A,LIVINGSTON D,SERDY A,et al.Highbuild RSS performance delivers improved well consistency in the marcellus shale[R].AADE-13-FTCE-20,2013.
[15]DESMETTE S,Benoit DESCHAMPS B,BIRCH R,et al.Drilling hard and abrasive rock efficiently or generating quality cuttings?You no longer have to choose[R].SPE 116554,2008.