沿空留巷切顶加固及预裂爆破技术施工优化
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摘要
为提高狭窄作业空间下沿空留巷切顶加固及预裂爆破施工的效率,针对陈四楼煤矿21702运输巷设备布置、操作空间等条件,结合掘进期间顶板岩性及支护经验,确定切顶预裂加固支护参数、预裂爆破参数。在作业中研究并优化"导向钻杆+扩孔钻头"施工恒阻锚索工艺、"锚杆机+自制扩孔定向钻头"施工方法与专业切缝钻机平行作业、切缝钻孔工艺及装药结构,多元化解决不同岩性下切顶预裂爆破炮眼间距问题,可为相同地质条件及作业空间下的切顶加固及预裂爆破施工提供借鉴。
In order to improve the narrow working space under gob roof reinforcement and cutting efficiency of pre splitting blasting,based on the equipment layout,operating space and other conditions of 21702 headentry in Chensilou Coal Mine,combined with the experience of roof lithology and supporting during tunneling,the parameters of reinforcement and pre splitting blasting parameters were determined. In the operation,the authors studied and optimized the construction of the constant resistance anchor cable technology of "guide drill rod + hole drilling bit",parallel operation of construction method of bolt machine + self-made reaming directional drill bit and professional drilling rig,drilling technology and charge structure of slit,so as to solve the problem of hole spacing in pre cutting blasting with different lithologies. All this can provide reference and experience for the same geological conditions and working space under the roof cutting reinforcement and pre splitting blasting.
In order to improve the narrow working space under gob roof reinforcement and cutting efficiency of pre splitting blasting,based on the equipment layout,operating space and other conditions of 21702 headentry in Chensilou Coal Mine,combined with the experience of roof lithology and supporting during tunneling,the parameters of reinforcement and pre splitting blasting parameters were determined. In the operation,the authors studied and optimized the construction of the constant resistance anchor cable technology of "guide drill rod + hole drilling bit",parallel operation of construction method of bolt machine + self-made reaming directional drill bit and professional drilling rig,drilling technology and charge structure of slit,so as to solve the problem of hole spacing in pre cutting blasting with different lithologies. All this can provide reference and experience for the same geological conditions and working space under the roof cutting reinforcement and pre splitting blasting.
引文
[1]柏建彪,周华强,侯朝炯,等.沿空留巷巷旁支护技术的发展[J].中国矿业大学学报,2004,33(2):183-186.Bai Jianbiao,Zhou Huaqiang,Hou Chaojiong,et al.Development of support technology beside roadway in goaf-Side entry retaining for next sublevel[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2004,33(2):183-186.
[2]康红普,牛多龙,张镇,等.深部沿空留巷围岩变形特征与支护技术[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(10):1977-1987.Kang Hongpu,Niu Duolong,Zhang Zhen,et al.Deformation characteristics of surrounding rock and supporting technology of gobside entry retaining in deep coal mine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(10):1977-1987.
[3]华心祝.我国沿空留巷支护技术发展现状及改进建议[J].煤炭科学技术,2006,34(12):78-81.Hua Xinzhu.Development status and improved proposals on gobside entry retaining support technology in China[J].Coal Science and Technology,2006,34(12):78-81.
[4]李化敏.沿空留巷顶板岩层控制设计[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(5):651-654.Li Huamin.The Practice of Roof Deep-hole Presplitting Blasting Technology[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2000,19(5):651-654.
[5]李向阳,魏路浩,李宇青,等.恒阻锚索在沿空留巷支护技术中的应用[J].能源与节能,2016(3):135-137.Li Xiangyang,Wei Luhao,Li Yuqing,et al.Application of Constant Resistance Anchor Cable in Support Technology in Gob-side Entry Retaining Laneway[J].Energy and Conservation,2016(3):135-137.
[6]陈勇,柏建彪,王襄禹,等.沿空留巷巷内支护技术研究与应用[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(6):903-910.Chen Yong,Bai Jianbiao,Wang Xiangyu,et al.Support technology research and application inside roadway of gob-side entry retaining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(6):903-910.
[7]华心祝,马俊枫,许庭教.沿空留巷巷旁锚索加强支护与参数优化[J].煤炭科学技术,2004,32(8):60-64.Hua Xinzhu,Ma Junfeng,Xu Tingjiao.Anchor reinforced support and parameter optimization for side wall of mine roadway retained for next sublevel[J].Coal Science and Technology,2004,32(8):60-64.
[8]郭正超,王红胜,李树刚,等.沿空留巷基本顶预裂爆破孔距优化试验[J].工程爆破,2015,21(1):10-14.Guo Zhengchao,Wang Hongsheng,Li Shugang,et al.The hole distance optimization experiment of the main roof presplitting blasting in the gob-side entry retaining[J].Engineering Blasting,2015,21(1):10-14.
[9]杨建增.顶板深孔预裂爆破技术实践[J].煤矿安全,2013,44(4):88-90.Yang Jianzeng.The practice of roof deep-hole presplitting blasting technology[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2013,44(4):88-90.
[10]张农,韩昌良,阚甲广,等.沿空留巷围岩控制理论与实践[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(8):1635-1641.Zhang Nong,Han Changliang,Kan Jiaguang,et al.Theory and practice of surrounding rock control for pillar less gob-side entry retaining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(8):1635-1641.
[11]张国华.主动支护下沿空留巷顶板破碎原因分析[J].煤炭学报,2005,30(4):429-432.Zhang Guohua.Roof cracking reason analysis about gob-side entry retaining under initiative support[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2005,30(4):429-432.
[12]闫玉彪,石建军,蒋正君.沿空留巷锚带索耦合支护技术[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2010,27(2):273-276.Yan Yubiao,Shi Jianjun,Jiang Zhengjun.Application of anchor cable with bolt and steel band coupling support technology in gobside entry retaining[J].Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering,2010,27(2):273-276.
[13]刘洪林,赵红超.沿空留巷围岩应力演化规律及大变形机理分析[J].中国矿业,2017,26(2):122-128.Liu Honglin,Zhao Hongchao.Analysis of stress evolution law and large deformation mechanism in surrounding rock of gob-side entry retaining[J].China Mining Magazine,2017,26(2):122-128.
[14]陈阳,柏建彪,陈勇.锚杆支护巷旁充填沿空留巷技术研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2005,22(2):74-75.Chen Yang,Bai Jianbiao,Chen Yong.Gob-side entry retaining with roadside packing in bolt supporting entry[J].Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering,2005,22(2):74-75.
[15]赵健,张鹏.沿空留巷围岩给定变形及巷旁支护时机研究[J].煤炭工程,2017,49(2):68-71.Zhao Jian,Zhang Peng.Research on the given deformation of surrounding rock and timing of roadway-side support in gob-side entry retaining[J].Coal Engineering,2017,49(2):68-71.
[16]王一,张春华.沿空留巷顶板下沉规律及其影响因素分析[J].金属矿山,2015,44(9):21-25.Wang Yi,Zhang Chunhua.Roof subsidence rule of gob-side entry retaining and its analysis of influencing factors[J].Metal Mine,2015,44(9):21-25.
[17]姜鹏飞,张剑,胡滨.沿空留巷围岩受力变形特征及支护对策[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2016,33(1):56-62.Jiang Pengfei,Zhang Jian,Hu Bin.Mechanical and deformation characteristics of gob-side entry retaining surrounding rock and support methods[J].Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering,2016,33(1):56-62.
[18]朱文胜,蔺增元.顶底双软薄煤层沿空留巷支护技术[J].矿冶工程,2015,35(5):22-24.Zhu Wensheng,Lin Zengyuan.Gob-side entry support technique for thin coal seam with weak roof and floor[J].Mining and Metallurgical Engineering,2015,35(5):22-24.
[19]刘少沛,程相克.厚硬顶板沿空留巷关键块结构优化控制研究[J].煤矿开采,2016,21(3):71-74.Liu Shaopei,Cheng Xiangke.Optimization controlling of key blocks structure of gob-side entry retaining with thickness and harden roof[J].Coal Mining Technology,2016,21(3):71-74.
[20]王巨光,王刚.切顶卸压沿空留巷技术探讨[J].煤炭工程,2012,1(1):24-26.Wang Juguang,Wang Gang.Discussion on gateway retained along goaf technology with roof breaking and pressure releasing[J].Coal Engineering,2012,1(1):24-26.
[2]康红普,牛多龙,张镇,等.深部沿空留巷围岩变形特征与支护技术[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(10):1977-1987.Kang Hongpu,Niu Duolong,Zhang Zhen,et al.Deformation characteristics of surrounding rock and supporting technology of gobside entry retaining in deep coal mine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(10):1977-1987.
[3]华心祝.我国沿空留巷支护技术发展现状及改进建议[J].煤炭科学技术,2006,34(12):78-81.Hua Xinzhu.Development status and improved proposals on gobside entry retaining support technology in China[J].Coal Science and Technology,2006,34(12):78-81.
[4]李化敏.沿空留巷顶板岩层控制设计[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(5):651-654.Li Huamin.The Practice of Roof Deep-hole Presplitting Blasting Technology[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2000,19(5):651-654.
[5]李向阳,魏路浩,李宇青,等.恒阻锚索在沿空留巷支护技术中的应用[J].能源与节能,2016(3):135-137.Li Xiangyang,Wei Luhao,Li Yuqing,et al.Application of Constant Resistance Anchor Cable in Support Technology in Gob-side Entry Retaining Laneway[J].Energy and Conservation,2016(3):135-137.
[6]陈勇,柏建彪,王襄禹,等.沿空留巷巷内支护技术研究与应用[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(6):903-910.Chen Yong,Bai Jianbiao,Wang Xiangyu,et al.Support technology research and application inside roadway of gob-side entry retaining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(6):903-910.
[7]华心祝,马俊枫,许庭教.沿空留巷巷旁锚索加强支护与参数优化[J].煤炭科学技术,2004,32(8):60-64.Hua Xinzhu,Ma Junfeng,Xu Tingjiao.Anchor reinforced support and parameter optimization for side wall of mine roadway retained for next sublevel[J].Coal Science and Technology,2004,32(8):60-64.
[8]郭正超,王红胜,李树刚,等.沿空留巷基本顶预裂爆破孔距优化试验[J].工程爆破,2015,21(1):10-14.Guo Zhengchao,Wang Hongsheng,Li Shugang,et al.The hole distance optimization experiment of the main roof presplitting blasting in the gob-side entry retaining[J].Engineering Blasting,2015,21(1):10-14.
[9]杨建增.顶板深孔预裂爆破技术实践[J].煤矿安全,2013,44(4):88-90.Yang Jianzeng.The practice of roof deep-hole presplitting blasting technology[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2013,44(4):88-90.
[10]张农,韩昌良,阚甲广,等.沿空留巷围岩控制理论与实践[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(8):1635-1641.Zhang Nong,Han Changliang,Kan Jiaguang,et al.Theory and practice of surrounding rock control for pillar less gob-side entry retaining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(8):1635-1641.
[11]张国华.主动支护下沿空留巷顶板破碎原因分析[J].煤炭学报,2005,30(4):429-432.Zhang Guohua.Roof cracking reason analysis about gob-side entry retaining under initiative support[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2005,30(4):429-432.
[12]闫玉彪,石建军,蒋正君.沿空留巷锚带索耦合支护技术[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2010,27(2):273-276.Yan Yubiao,Shi Jianjun,Jiang Zhengjun.Application of anchor cable with bolt and steel band coupling support technology in gobside entry retaining[J].Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering,2010,27(2):273-276.
[13]刘洪林,赵红超.沿空留巷围岩应力演化规律及大变形机理分析[J].中国矿业,2017,26(2):122-128.Liu Honglin,Zhao Hongchao.Analysis of stress evolution law and large deformation mechanism in surrounding rock of gob-side entry retaining[J].China Mining Magazine,2017,26(2):122-128.
[14]陈阳,柏建彪,陈勇.锚杆支护巷旁充填沿空留巷技术研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2005,22(2):74-75.Chen Yang,Bai Jianbiao,Chen Yong.Gob-side entry retaining with roadside packing in bolt supporting entry[J].Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering,2005,22(2):74-75.
[15]赵健,张鹏.沿空留巷围岩给定变形及巷旁支护时机研究[J].煤炭工程,2017,49(2):68-71.Zhao Jian,Zhang Peng.Research on the given deformation of surrounding rock and timing of roadway-side support in gob-side entry retaining[J].Coal Engineering,2017,49(2):68-71.
[16]王一,张春华.沿空留巷顶板下沉规律及其影响因素分析[J].金属矿山,2015,44(9):21-25.Wang Yi,Zhang Chunhua.Roof subsidence rule of gob-side entry retaining and its analysis of influencing factors[J].Metal Mine,2015,44(9):21-25.
[17]姜鹏飞,张剑,胡滨.沿空留巷围岩受力变形特征及支护对策[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2016,33(1):56-62.Jiang Pengfei,Zhang Jian,Hu Bin.Mechanical and deformation characteristics of gob-side entry retaining surrounding rock and support methods[J].Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering,2016,33(1):56-62.
[18]朱文胜,蔺增元.顶底双软薄煤层沿空留巷支护技术[J].矿冶工程,2015,35(5):22-24.Zhu Wensheng,Lin Zengyuan.Gob-side entry support technique for thin coal seam with weak roof and floor[J].Mining and Metallurgical Engineering,2015,35(5):22-24.
[19]刘少沛,程相克.厚硬顶板沿空留巷关键块结构优化控制研究[J].煤矿开采,2016,21(3):71-74.Liu Shaopei,Cheng Xiangke.Optimization controlling of key blocks structure of gob-side entry retaining with thickness and harden roof[J].Coal Mining Technology,2016,21(3):71-74.
[20]王巨光,王刚.切顶卸压沿空留巷技术探讨[J].煤炭工程,2012,1(1):24-26.Wang Juguang,Wang Gang.Discussion on gateway retained along goaf technology with roof breaking and pressure releasing[J].Coal Engineering,2012,1(1):24-26.