碎软煤层复合定向钻进技术研究与应用
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摘要
针对碎软煤层瓦斯抽采钻孔成孔深度浅、轨迹无法测控、定向钻进困难等问题,提出了采用复合定向与排渣技术施工碎软煤层定向钻孔的技术方案,介绍了其技术原理,开发了泥浆脉冲无线传输技术、复合定向钻进技术、水力正循环与异性钻杆复合排渣技术等关键钻进技术,研制选配了定向钻机、矿用泥浆脉冲随钻测量系统、泥浆泵、螺旋螺杆马达、异形钻杆、过滤钻杆、螺旋无磁钻杆和定向钻头等关键钻进设备,形成了成套技术与装备,并在晋城寺河矿和成庄矿进行了现场试验,在碎软煤层区域内完成定向钻孔4个,最大孔深402 m,总进尺4 808 m,成孔率达到75%,成功覆盖工作面和待掘巷道设计区域,为碎软煤层区域递进式瓦斯抽采治理和一孔两消提供了一种新的技术手段。
According to the shallow hole depth,track without measured and controlled,directional drilling difficult and other disadvantages existed in the available gas extraction borehole drilling technology applied in soft-fragmentized coal seam,directional drilling with mud pulse MWD was put forward.The technical principle was introduced and a complete set of technology and equipment was formed,with the key drilling technologies had been developed,such as mud pulse wireless transmission technology,drilling technology combined rotary with direction,hydraulic positive cycle and heterogeneous drill rod compound slag discharge technology,directional drilling rig,mud pulse MWD system,mud pump,helical screw motor,special drill rod,filter drill rod,spiral non-magnetic drill rod and directional drill were developed and selected.The field test was carried out in Sihe Mine and Chengzhuang Mine,the results show that four directional drilling were successfully completed with the maximum hole depth reached 402 m,total length was 4 808 m,hole forming rate was 75%,predetermined area of work surface and roadway was successfully covered,which will provides a new technical means for progressive gas extraction in soft-fragmentized coal seam and had important significance for safety and high efficiency mining in coal mine.
According to the shallow hole depth,track without measured and controlled,directional drilling difficult and other disadvantages existed in the available gas extraction borehole drilling technology applied in soft-fragmentized coal seam,directional drilling with mud pulse MWD was put forward.The technical principle was introduced and a complete set of technology and equipment was formed,with the key drilling technologies had been developed,such as mud pulse wireless transmission technology,drilling technology combined rotary with direction,hydraulic positive cycle and heterogeneous drill rod compound slag discharge technology,directional drilling rig,mud pulse MWD system,mud pump,helical screw motor,special drill rod,filter drill rod,spiral non-magnetic drill rod and directional drill were developed and selected.The field test was carried out in Sihe Mine and Chengzhuang Mine,the results show that four directional drilling were successfully completed with the maximum hole depth reached 402 m,total length was 4 808 m,hole forming rate was 75%,predetermined area of work surface and roadway was successfully covered,which will provides a new technical means for progressive gas extraction in soft-fragmentized coal seam and had important significance for safety and high efficiency mining in coal mine.
引文
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[2]王永龙,孙玉宁,王振锋,等.松软突出煤层钻进钻孔堵塞力学特征[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(S1):119-125.WANG Yonglong,SUN Yuning,WANG Zhenfeng,et al.Mechanical characteristic of borehole clogging drilling in soft and outburst coal seam[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(S1):119-125.
[3]董昌乐,董萌萌,赵建国,等.整体式螺旋钻杆的研制及应用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2016,44(5):164-167.DONG Changle,DONG Mengmeng,ZHAO Jianguo,et al. Development and application of integral spiral drilling pipe[J]. Coal Geology&Exploration,2016,44(5):164-167.
[4]刘新民,王力,王建利,等.韩城桑树坪二号井松软煤层钻进技术研究与实践[J].煤田地质与勘探,2017,45(3):165-169.LIU Xinmin,WANG Li,WANG Jianli,et al.Research and practices on drilling in soft seams of Hancheng Sangshuping Coal Mine[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2017,45(3):165-169.
[5]李强,叶嗣暄,金新.松软煤层顺层孔筛管护孔工艺及装备应用[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(6):147-151.LI Qiang,YE Sixuan,JIN Xin. Application of borehole protection technique and equipment for screen pipe borehole in soft and weak seam[J].Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(6):147-151.
[6]雷丰励.松软突出煤层长钻孔装备及钻进工艺研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(4):93-97.LEI Fengli.Study on long borehole drilling equipment and drilling technique of soft outburst seam[J].Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(4):93-97.
[7]殷新胜,刘建林,冀前辉.松软煤层中风压空气钻进技术与装备[J].煤矿安全,2012,43(7):63-65.YIN Xinsheng,LIU Jianlin,JI Qianhui. Medium wind pressure air drilling technique and equipments in soft coal seam[J]. Safety in Coal Mines,2012,43(7):63-65.
[8]殷新胜,刘建林,刘勇.松软煤层瓦斯抽采长钻孔泡沫钻进工艺[J].煤矿安全,2014,45(11):5-8.YIN Xinsheng,LIU Jianlin,LIU Yong. Foam drilling technique by gas extraction drilling long borehole in soft coal seam[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2014,45(11):5-8.
[9]李辉,李超.基于松软煤层无尘钻进系统的研究及应用[J].煤炭技术,2015,34(1):198-200.LI Hui,LI Chao.Research and application of clean drilling system based on soft coal[J].Coal Technology,2015,34(1):198-200.
[10]方俊,石智军,李泉新,等.新型煤矿井下定向钻进用有线随钻测量装置[J].工矿自动化,2015,41(8):1-5.FANG Jun,SHI Zhijun,LI Quanxin,et al. Novel cable measurement while drilling device used for directional drilling in coal mine[J].Industry and Mine Automation,2015,41(8):1-5.
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[12]石智军,刘建林,李泉新.我国煤矿区钻进技术装备发展与应用[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(4):1-6.SHI Zhijun, LIU Jianlin, LI Quanxin. Development and application of drilling technique and equipment in coal mining area of China[J]. Coal Science and Technology, 2018,46(4):1-6.
[13]石智军,李泉新.煤矿区钻探技术装备新进展与展望[J].探矿工程:岩土钻掘工程,2016,43(10):150-153,169.SHI Zhijun,LI Quanxin. New progress and prospect of drilling technology and equipment in coal mine area[J].Exploration Engineering:Rock&Soil Drilling and Tunneling,2016,43(10):150-153,169.
[14]李泉新,石智军,史海岐.煤矿井下定向钻进工艺技术的应用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2014,42(2):85-88,92.LI Quanxin,SHI Zhijun,SHI Haiqi.The application of directional drilling technology in coal mine[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2014,42(2):85-88,92.
[15]童碧,许超,刘飞,等.淮南矿区瓦斯抽采中以孔代巷技术研究与工程实践[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(4):33-39.TONG Bi,XU Chao,LIU Fei,et al.Technology research on borehole in place of roadway and its engineering practice in gas drainage of Huainan Mining Area[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(4):33-39.
[16]王飞,吴世跃,李艳奎,等.煤矿井下巷道梳状定向钻孔轨迹设计方法[J].煤矿安全,2017,48(1):153-156.WANG Fei,WU Shiyue,LI Yankui,et al. Tracing design method of pectinate directional borehole of tunnels in underground mine[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2017,48(1):153-156.
[17]王建强,张杰,杜利猛.赵庄矿松软煤层梳状钻孔瓦斯抽采应用研究[J].煤矿安全,2016,47(10):133-136.WANG Jianqiang,ZHANG Jie,DU Limeng. Application research of gas drainage by comb-like drilling in soft coal seam of Zhaozhuang Coal Mine[J]. Safety in Coal Mines,2016,47(10):133-136.
[18]许超.基于复合钻进技术的煤层瓦斯抽采定向钻孔施工[J].煤矿安全,2015,46(4):130-133.XU Chao. Directional drilling construction of coal seam gas drainage based on compound drilling technology[J]. Safety in Coal Mines,2015,46(4):130-133.
[19]石智军,薛维,李泉新,等.煤矿井下防爆型泥浆脉冲无线随钻测量系统及其使用方法:中国,CN102606145B[P].2013-10-16.
[20]李栋,姚克,张占强,等.煤矿坑道钻机用履带式泥浆泵车及其应用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2016,44(1):128-131.LI Dong,YAO Ke,ZHANG Zhanqiang,et al. Crawler type mud pump truck used in coal mine tunnel drilling rig and its application[J]. Coal Geology&Exploration,2016,44(1):128-131.